伦坡拉盆地西部丁青湖组新发现凝灰岩锆石U- Pb年龄及其地层学意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曾胜强  王剑  陈文彬  付修根  孙伟  李金锋  刘君豪 《地质学报》2020,94(8):2354-2366

伦坡拉盆地丁青湖组沉积时代的确定对于研究青藏高原中部的古高度和古气候具有重要的地质意义,但由于没有精确的年龄数据,其顶部是否跨入了新近系,一直以来都存在争论。作者在伦坡拉盆地西部鄂加卒地区开展野外调查过程中,在该剖面中部和上部新发现两套凝灰岩夹层,对凝灰岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得了两件凝灰岩样品的形成年龄分别为24.05±0.24Ma(MSWD=1.07,n=24)和22.64±0.33Ma(MSWD=0.45,n=17),时代分别为晚渐新世和早中新世。根据凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄和前人研究成果,将鄂加卒剖面的细碎屑岩地层重新厘定为丁青湖组,并将丁青湖组的沉积时代定为渐新世-中中新世。根据丁青湖组地层厚度及沉积速率估算,该组沉积持续时间在21～23Ma之间,其顶部地层的年龄在11～13Ma左右。由此可见,伦坡拉盆地接受连续沉积一直持续到了中中新世,这比过去普遍认识的晚始新世-渐新世时期青藏高原中部的古高度和古气候变化时间更晚。前人在该地区发现的近无角犀化石、攀鲈鱼化石、棕榈科叶片化石以及孢粉化石等研究结果共同证实,青藏高原中部渐新世晚期的古海拔高度低于～2500～3000 m。因此,该区晚渐新世-早中新世温暖潮湿的气候特征很可能是受到了印度洋气流穿透的影响,而且该影响可能一直持续到了中中新世,从而造就了该时期青藏高原生物的多样性。  相似文献   

The upper Miocene diatomaceous sediments of the northernmost Mediterranean region: A lamina-scale investigation of an overlooked palaeoceanographic archive     

Luca Pellegrino  Francesco Dela Pierre  Richard W. Jordan  Kenta Abe  Yuta Mikami  Marcello Natalicchio  Rocco Gennari  Francesca Lozar  Giorgio Carnevale 《Sedimentology》2020,67(7):3389-3421

During the late Miocene the Mediterranean experienced a dramatic intensification of opaline accumulation, recorded by the deposition of diatomaceous sediments. The fine lamination of these deposits potentially records annual to sub-annual palaeoceanographic processes that occurred during a critical phase of the geodynamic evolution of the Mediterranean basin, which eventually led to the Messinian salinity crisis. The diatomaceous facies has been interpreted by previous researchers as the product of intensified upwelling currents and of bottom anoxia formation in the Mediterranean basin. However, until now, no efforts have been made to unravel the sedimentological and micropalaeontological content of these deposits at the lamina-scale. This paper presents the first case study of a systematic scanning electron microscope-based morphological investigation of the diatomaceous sediments deposited during the late Miocene at the northernmost offshoot of the Mediterranean basin (Piedmont Basin, north-west Italy). Using a non-invasive analytical approach, six faciological components (laminae, laminated packets, non-laminated intervals, burrows, opal-rich aggregates and mixed pelletal structures) and their relationships are described and interpreted herein. Following the lamina-scale study of these sediments, an annual sedimentary cycle could be identified and an accumulation rate (ca 50 cm kyr⁻¹) inferred that is atypical for a setting actively influenced by upwelling. The role played by the entanglement of diatom valves in creating a physical barrier to the bioturbation is here emphasized as the main process responsible for the preservation of the laminated fabric of diatomaceous sediments, challenging the supposed role of deep anoxia. These results suggest that the late Miocene diatomaceous deposition in the Piedmont Basin cannot be univocally considered as a by-product of upwelling intensification and seafloor oxygen depletion.  相似文献   

Early Miocene metallogenic event formed the Bosawa low‐sulfidation epithermal gold deposit,Northeast Japan arc     

Teruhiro Suzuki  Shota Satori  Yuho Fujimaki  Yasushi Watanabe 《Resource Geology》2020,70(4):378-388

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Palaeodiet of Miocene Producers and Depositional Environments: Inferences from the First Evidence of Microcoprolites from India     

Vivesh V. KAPUR  Kamlesh KUMAR  P. MORTHEKAI  Amritpal Singh CHADDHA 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(5):1574-1590

This paper reviews research on coprolites from India, providing the first evidence of microcoprolites from the early Miocene (Aquitanian) Khari Nadi Formation sedimentary succession, exposed about 1.5 km northeast of the village of Kotada, Kachchh (Kutch) District, Gujarat State, western India. Morphometric and size comparisons (in a statistical framework) with known coprolites from the Mesozoic-Cenozoic successions of India (including those recorded herein) and globally suggest that fishes were the likely producers of the Kotada coprolites. Scanning electron microscopy confirms the presence of fish dental remains within the coprolites, while both Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) reveal the phosphatic nature of the microscopic coprolite specimens (recorded herein) hinting that the producer(s) were predominantly carnivorous (ichthyophagous) in their diet. Furthermore, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis of the host and associated lithologies allows us to deduce that the Kotada coprolites were deposited in a shallow marine environment, with possible aerial exposure of the host lithology occurring at some point after deposition. To the best of our knowledge, the present report is the first record of microscopic fish coprolites from India, as well as being the first from the Aquitanian of India and the oldest Neogene record from India.  相似文献   

中新世风尘堆积的地球化学特征及其与上新世和第四纪风尘堆积的比较   总被引：17，自引：7，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

梁美艳  郭正堂  顾兆炎 《第四纪研究》2006,26(4):657-664

文章对秦安中新世黄土-古土壤序列中黄土层样品的常量、微量和稀土元素地球化学特征进行研究,并与西峰第四纪黄土和晚中新世-上新世的风成三趾马红土样品进行对比。结果表明,不同时代的风尘堆积具有大致相似的元素配分模式,并与上地壳平均成分高度接近,表明它们的物质均来自很广阔的物源区,经过多次循环和远距离搬运,并在搬运过程中实现了多种矿物成分高度混合,是远源风尘物质的典型特征。秦安中新世黄土与西峰第四纪黄土相比,常量元素组配特征也有一些区别,主要表现为K,Fe,Mg的轻微富集、Na元素的轻微亏损及相对较高的烧失量,与中新世黄土较细的粒度和相对温湿的气候条件有关。与世界上一些物源较近较小的黄土相比,我国北方不同时代的风尘堆积均具有Cs相对富集、Zr和Hf相对亏损的特征,与粉尘远距离传输过程中的物质分异有关,是沙漠黄土的特点。  相似文献   

南京泗洪炭兽的发现及六合组、雨花台组的时代          下载免费PDF全文

许汉奎 《江苏地质》2010,34(1):1-5

在南京六合发现一保存较好的下颌骨化石,保存有5枚完整的臼齿。经刘冠邦教授鉴定,认为与他1993年在江苏北部泗洪地区发现的泗洪泗洪炭兽(Sihongotherium sihongense Liu et zhang)相似,但臼齿相对稍小,且齿冠磨损严重,故仅确定为泗洪炭兽未定种(Sihongotherium sp.),时代属中中新世;其照片经邱占祥院士鉴定也认为属炭兽类无疑。炭兽类始于欧、亚始新世中期,渐新世扩展到非洲和北美,到中新世灭绝。炭兽类在我国过去仅分别发现于内蒙、山西、云南的始新世至渐新世地层中,贵州也曾发现两枚臼齿,但时代不祥。由于化石较重要,经在六合实地调查,化石应产于六合组。六合组和雨花组是归于上新世或中新世,一直有争论,故泗洪炭兽在南京六合的发现,为六合组和雨花台组应为中新世提供了新的重要化石依据。  相似文献   

Insights into biaxial extensional tectonics: an examplefrom the Sandıklı Graben,West Anatolia,Turkey     

Mustafa Cihan  Gerek Sara  Oktay Gke 《Geological Journal》2003,38(1):47-66

West Anatolia, together with the Aegean Sea and the easternmost part of Europe, is one of the best examples of continental extensional tectonics. It is a complex area bounded by the Aegean–Cyprus Arc to the south and the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) to the north. Within this complex and enigmatic framework, the Sandıklı Graben (10 km wide, 30 km long) has formed at the eastern continuation of the Western Anatolian extensional province at the north‐northwestward edge of the Isparta Angle. Recent studies have suggested that the horst–graben structures in West Anatolia formed in two distinct extensional phases. According to this model the first phase of extension commenced in the Early–Middle Miocene and the last, which is accepted as the onset of neotectonic regime, in Early Pliocene. However, it is controversial whether two‐phase extension was separated by a short period of erosion or compression during Late Miocene–Early Pliocene. Both field observations and kinematic analysis imply that the Sandıklı Graben has existed since the Late Pliocene, with biaxial extension on its margins which does not necessarily indicate rotation of regional stress distribution in time. Although the graben formed later in the neotectonic period, the commencement of extension in the area could be Early Pliocene (c. 5 Ma) following a severe but short time of erosion at the end of Late Miocene. The onset of the extensional regime might be due to the initiation of westward motion of Anatolian Platelet along the NAFZ that could be triggered by the higher rate of subduction at the east Aegean–Cyprus Arc in the south of the Aegean Sea. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献