网箱养殖大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)疾病与环境因子的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

倪海儿  王国良 《海洋与湖沼》2009,40(1):72-77

根据2001-2005年对舟山市网箱养殖大黄鱼的养殖情况、发病情况、死亡情况和海区环境因子的监测以及收集的气象资料,对疾病与环境因子的关系进行了研究,探索了环境因子及其变化对大黄鱼发病率的影响.结果表明,大黄鱼的发病率和发病类型与气温、风速有关:发病率与水温(>20℃)、悬浮物、化学耗氧量(chemical oxygen depletion,COD)、细菌数均呈显著的正相关,与透明度呈显著的负相关.通径分析显示,对大黄鱼发病率直接效应最大的是水温,其次是风速.通过分析,推测引起舟山市网箱养殖大黄鱼疾病多发的主要原因是网箱养殖本身造成的水体污染,从而提出了舟山市网箱养殖大黄鱼疾病预防的主要措施.  相似文献   

大黄鱼野生与养殖群体遗传结构的比较研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈锦  黎中宝  方秀  雷光高  张桂玲  赵斌丽  王展林 《海洋科学》2010,34(2):45-48

采用垂直板型不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对福建野生与养殖大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)4个群体(湄洲野生群体、宁德野生群体、宁德养殖群体、连江养殖群体)的遗传结构进行了比较研究。结果表明,4个大黄鱼群体的平均每位点有效等位基因数为1.1250～1.1293,多态位点百分数为12.50%～18.75%,观察杂合度为0.1250,期望杂合度为0.0636～0.0677。湄洲湾野生群体的遗传多样性高于养殖群体。4个大黄鱼群体间的遗传分化很低,4个大黄鱼群体间遗传距离在0.0000～0.0001,平均遗传距离为0.0005,遗传分化系数(Fst=0.0004)低,基因流(Nm=609.6667)大。  相似文献   

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in intron 1 and intron 2 of Larimichthys crocea growth hormone gene are correlated with growth traits   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

�߾�  �ȷ�  �����  �춬��  �İ���  ��־�  ������  ����� 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(2):279-285

The growth hormone gene (GH) affects animal growth and is a potential target for genetic studies of variation related to growth traits. In this study, we analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GH intron regions and their associations with growth traits in large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea, from Zhejiang and Fujian stocks. The results of PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism showed two haplotypes of intron 1, named AA and AB genotypes, in Zhejiang stock. AB exhibited an SNP at position 196 (G A) that was negatively correlated with body height and positively correlated with standard length/body height (P 0.05). Two different genotypes, CC and CD, were identified in intron 2 in Fujian stock, with CD showing an SNP at position 692 (T C). The CD genotype had a significantly positive correlation with both weight and total length (P 0.01). These basic data highlight the potential for using GH as a genetic marker of fish growth in marker assisted selection.  相似文献   

病原性溶藻弧菌对大黄鱼鳃黏液黏附作用研究     

鄢庆枇  陈强  马甡  庄峙厦  王小如 《海洋学报》2007,29(6):80-86

采用3H-TdR同位素示踪方法研究了溶藻弧菌对大黄鱼鳃黏液黏附作用.结果表明,溶藻弧菌的黏附量随着菌浓度的增加而升高并在180 min后达到饱和;在温度15~30℃、pH偏酸条件下黏附作用较强,Na+是溶藻弧菌黏附作用必需的,Ca2+起着辅助作用;溶藻弧菌经营养饥饿、热处理及高碘酸处理后黏附作用有明显下降;8种碳水化合物都有不同程度的促进溶藻弧菌的黏附作用,其中葡萄糖、甘露糖、果糖及麦芽糖有明显促进作用.研究结果表明:海水中的溶藻弧菌可很好地黏附于大黄鱼鳃黏液,其黏附作用受环境因子影响,并且与溶藻弧菌的表面碳水化合物、热敏结构等有着密切关系.  相似文献   

健康与患病大黄鱼消化道微生物结构特征分析     

姜燕  于超勇  徐永江  柳学周  郑炜强  陈佳  刘莹  王滨  史宝 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,51(5)

为研究患病大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)消化道中可能的病原微生物,采用高通量测序技术详细分析了健康和患病大黄鱼的胃、幽门盲囊和肠道中微生物群的组成信息和分布特征。研究显示,变形菌门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门为健康和患病大黄鱼消化道的优势菌门,且其丰度在两类鱼消化道中差异显著。拟杆菌属和乳杆菌属为健康大黄鱼消化道的主要优势菌属;Aliivibrio和弧菌属则为病鱼消化道的主要优势菌属。患病鱼消化道各部位中Aliivibrio的丰度是健康大黄鱼的1702.83~10957.55倍,且差异显著。健康鱼消化道微生物参与的部分代谢通路的基因数目与病鱼样本存在显著差异。大黄鱼消化道菌群和环境菌群相似性分析及主要菌群分布特征显示,饲料中微生物群对消化道菌群的影响相对较大,说明包括饲料在内的环境微生物的卫生质量在健康养殖中的作用非常关键。通过研究推断Aliivibrio和弧菌属为主要病原菌,养殖过程中维持鱼体消化道微生物群的动态平衡对机体健康至关重要,本研究为大黄鱼健康养殖中疾病的定向防控提供了参考。  相似文献   

温度和盐度对短节硬毛藻(Chaetomorpha brachygona Harvey)生长发育的影响研究     

丁兰平  李雯诗  谭华强  颜泽伟  黄冰心 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(1):191-196

利用双因素实验和单藻培养等方法,对采自广东南澳岛的短节硬毛藻(Chaetomorpha brachygona Harvey)进行研究,在不同温度和盐度条件下,对该硬毛藻的生长、活力以及形态进行了观察与测定。结果表明,温度和盐度对短节硬毛藻的生长均有一定影响,当温度为20°C时,藻体培养第3、6和12天活力分别为0.70—0.75Y、0.60—0.70Y和0.55—0.65Y,培养12天时藻体有生殖细胞形成,此温度有利于藻体维持活力;温度为25—30°C时,培养第3天时会大量形成生殖细胞;在盐度10、20、40和50时,藻体的生长与温度相关,即30°C25°C20°C;在盐度20—30时,藻体长度最大达4.55 cm;在盐度10—30时,更有利于藻体生长,整体趋势为2030104050。因此,实验条件下,温度25—30°C、盐度10—30更利于短节硬毛藻的生长和形成生殖细胞。本实验表明,短节硬毛藻为暖水、广盐性种,有可能在我国南方海区大量生长并扩散,具有引发绿潮的潜力。  相似文献   

大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)精子冷冻前后的活力及超微结构变化     

程顺  闫家强  竺俊全  姜建湖  吴雄飞  史会来 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(1):56-61

采用两步降温法超低温冷冻保存大黄鱼精子,并用透射电镜技术研究了精子的超微结构损伤.结果表明,大黄鱼冻精的激活率、运动时间及寿命与鲜精相比无显著差异.鲜精中28.5％的精子形态结构异常,冻精中37％的精子形态结构异常.形态结构正常的精子表现为质膜与核膜结构完整、无膨胀现象,袖套、轴丝及中心粒结构正常,线粒体形态完整、嵴较发达;形态结构异常的精子表现为质膜破裂、脱落,质膜膨胀,核膜破裂、脱落,核局部受损伤,线粒体膨胀、嵴退化或消失,线粒体移位或脱落.结果显示,以Cortland溶液为稀释液,10％ DMSO为抗冻剂,对大黄鱼精子具有较好的抗冻保护作用.  相似文献   

Effect of Dietary Olaquindox on the Growth of Large Yellow Croaker（Pseudosciaena crocea R.） and the Distribution of Its Residues in Fish Tissues     

LI Huitao  ;WANG Weifang  ;MAI Kangsen  ;AI Qinghui  ;ZHANG Chunxiao  ;ZHANG Lu 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,(5):820-824

Olaquindox（OLA）, one of quinoxaline-N, N-dioxides, has been put under ban. However it was used as a medicinal feed additive early; it promotes the growth of livestock and prevents them from dysentery and bacterial enteritis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of dietary OLA on the growth of large yellow croaker（Pseudosciaena crocea R.） and the histological distribution of OLA and its metabolite 3-methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid（MQCA） in fish tissues. Four diets containing 0（control）, 42.5, 89.5 and 277.2 mg kg^-1 OLA, respectively, were formulated and tested, 3 cages（1.0 m × 1.0 m × 1.5 m） each diet and 100 juveniles（9.75 ± 0.35 g） each cage. The fish were fed to satiation twice a day at 05：00 am and 17：00 pm for 8 weeks. The survival rate of fish fed the diet containing 42.5 and 89.5 mg kg^-1 OLA was significantly higher than that of fish fed the diet containing 0 and 277.2 mg kg^-1 OLA（P 0.05）, while the weight gain rate of fish fed the diet containing 42.5 and 89.5 mg kg^-1 OLA was significantly higher than that of fish fed the diet without OLA（control）（P0.05）, but similar to that of fish fed the diet with 277.2 mg kg^-1 OLA. Fish fed the diet with 277.2 mg kg^-1 OLA had the highest content of OLA and MQCA in liver（3.44 and 0.39 mg kg^-1, respectively）, skin（0.46 and 0.09 mg kg^-1, respectively） and muscle（0.24 and 0.06 mg kg^-1, respectively）. In average, fish fed the diet containing OLA had the highest content of OLA and MQCA in liver which was followed by skin and muscle（P〈 0.05）, whereas OLA and MQCA were not detectable in control. Our findings demonstrated that OLA and MQCA accumulated in large yellow croaker when it was fed with the diet containing OLA, thus imposing a potential safety risk to human health.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary olaquindox on the growth of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.) and the distribution of its residues in fish tissues     

Huitao Li  Weifang Wang  Kangsen Mai  Qinghui Ai  Chunxiao Zhang  Lu Zhang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(5):820-824

Olaquindox(OLA), one of quinoxaline-N, N-dioxides, has been put under ban. However it was used as a medicinal feed additive early; it promotes the growth of livestock and prevents them from dysentery and bacterial enteritis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of dietary OLA on the growth of large yellow croaker(Pseudosciaena crocea R.) and the histological distribution of OLA and its metabolite 3-methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid(MQCA) in fish tissues. Four diets containing 0(control), 42.5, 89.5 and 277.2 mg kg-1 OLA, respectively, were formulated and tested, 3 cages(1.0 m × 1.0 m × 1.5 m) each diet and 100 juveniles(9.75 ± 0.35 g) each cage. The fish were fed to satiation twice a day at 05:00 am and 17:00 pm for 8 weeks. The survival rate of fish fed the diet containing 42.5 and 89.5 mg kg-1 OLA was significantly higher than that of fish fed the diet containing 0 and 277.2 mg kg-1 OLA(P 0.05), while the weight gain rate of fish fed the diet containing 42.5 and 89.5 mg kg-1 OLA was significantly higher than that of fish fed the diet without OLA(control)(P0.05), but similar to that of fish fed the diet with 277.2 mg kg-1 OLA. Fish fed the diet with 277.2 mg kg-1 OLA had the highest content of OLA and MQCA in liver(3.44 and 0.39 mg kg-1, respectively), skin(0.46 and 0.09 mg kg-1, respectively) and muscle(0.24 and 0.06 mg kg-1, respectively). In average, fish fed the diet containing OLA had the highest content of OLA and MQCA in liver which was followed by skin and muscle(P 0.05), whereas OLA and MQCA were not detectable in control. Our findings demonstrated that OLA and MQCA accumulated in large yellow croaker when it was fed with the diet containing OLA, thus imposing a potential safety risk to human health.  相似文献   

大黄鱼早期发育的形态学研究   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

方家仲  褚茂兵  肖勤  陈孝涨  余海 《海洋科学》2003,27(6):1-6

描述了大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea(Richardson))早期发育(从受精至幼鱼早期)的主要特征，并对仔、稚、幼鱼各时期的划分进行研究，提出了界定标怎：仔鱼前期(日龄l一8d，持续8d)以油球消失为界；仔鱼后期(日龄9—20d，持续12d)以各鳍齐全为界；稚鱼前期(日龄2l一29d，持续9d)以枕骨棘完备为界；稚鱼后期(日龄30—35d，持续6d)以全身被鳞为界；36日龄以后进入幼鱼早期。  相似文献