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81.
宋爱国 《南京气象学院学报》2013,5(1):1-19
人机交互式机器人作为最具实用价值的特种机器人已成为当前机器人学研究的前沿和热点.临场感(Telepresence)技术是人机交互的核心.首先,回顾了力觉临场感遥操作机器人技术的产生、发展和现状,介绍了力觉临场感遥操作机器人在核领域、空间探测领域与远程医疗领域的应用情况;其次,对力觉临场感遥操作机器人的4大关键技术:传感技术、力反馈与触觉再现技术、大时延控制技术和虚拟预测环境建模技术等进行了综述;还介绍了东南大学仪器科学与工程学院机器人传感与控制研究所近20年来开展临场感遥操作机器人技术研究,以及在核探测、康复医疗领域应用的情况.通过回顾与分析,指出了力觉临场感遥操作机器人技术今后需要研究的几个重点问题. 相似文献
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在中国区域定位系统(Chinese Area Positioning System,CAPS)中,带通滤波器是用户接收机的重要组成部分,对于宽频测距码来说,其群时延特性是测距的重要误差来源之一.分析了接收机码跟踪环路,给出相关函数估算测距偏差,对带通滤波器群时延开展仿真分析,并研究了改进接收机设计以优化群时延特性的方法.研究对GNSS接收机的射频和环路设计有一定借鉴意义. 相似文献
84.
针对空间大地测量技术对中性大气折射延迟改正精度的要求,阐述了折射延迟改正值应随测站和随方位而异的必要性.指出,在尚不能直接测定天文大气折射值的情况下,现有的各种改正模型对大气分布模型的依赖性,不能达到预期的精度和降低观测的截止角.根据云南天文台低纬子午环的特殊结构,和测定大气折射的实践,提出了提高折射延迟改正精度的新方法,即:利用各观测站不同方位从天顶附近直到低地平高度角的天文大气折射实测数据,求解得到折射率差和映射函数的参数,从而建立随测站和随方位而异的大气折射延迟改正模型.这一新方法的实施,将能在不需采用大气分布模型的情况下,把天顶延迟的改正精度提高到1 mm以内,低地平高度角的折射延迟改正精度提高到厘米级,并且把截止高度角压缩到5°以内. 相似文献
85.
介绍了利用卫星双向双频(C波段)观测来测定电离层时延的方法,并对不同经纬度的观测结果进行了比较和分析。卫星双向双频(C波段)观测精度高,采样间隔短,能测定电离层总电子含量的细微变化。 相似文献
86.
GPS掩星技术和电离层反演 总被引:13,自引:6,他引:7
系统地介绍了GPS无线电掩星技术的发展现状、系统组成和一些关键技术;论述了利用GPS掩星数据进行电离层反演的理论、模型及相应的计算流程.并结合GPS/MET和CHAMP卫星的实测资料,计算了电子密度剖面,与用其他方法所得结果的对比表明.GPS掩星电离层观测具有精度高、覆盖范围大等特点;最后讨论了GPS掩星技术应用于地震前兆监测的机理和前景。 相似文献
87.
The propagation features of extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves through the multicomponent ionospheric plasma are studied. It is shown that at relatively lower frequencies refractive index for right hand mode is higher than the left-hand mode, which is reversed at higher frequencies. The thermal temperature of plasma particle causes decrease in phase and group velocities of both right and left-hand modes. The crossover frequencies for different plasma models are computed and variation with ion concentration and thermal velocity is studied. Explicit expression for group velocity and travel time has been derived and studied numerically. Finally, we have presented simulation of the ion whistler spectrograms for Hydrogen, Helium and Oxygen ions present in the ionospheric plasma. The results are compared with the experimentally detected hydrogen and helium ion whistlers. The importance of the present study in the exploration of ionospheric plasma is illustrated. 相似文献
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89.
Peitao Wang Zhiyuan Ren Lining Sun Jingming Hou Zongchen Wang Ye Yuan Fujiang Yu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(11):11-30
The systematic discrepancies in both tsunami arrival time and leading negative phase (LNP) were identified for the recent transoceanic tsunami on 16 September 2015 in Illapel, Chile by examining the wave characteristics from the tsunami records at 21 Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami (DART) sites and 29 coastal tide gauge stations. The results revealed systematic travel time delay of as much as 22 min (approximately 1.7% of the total travel time) relative to the simulated long waves from the 2015 Chilean tsunami. The delay discrepancy was found to increase with travel time. It was difficult to identify the LNP from the near-shore observation system due to the strong background noise, but the initial negative phase feature became more obvious as the tsunami propagated away from the source area in the deep ocean. We determined that the LNP for the Chilean tsunami had an average duration of 33 min, which was close to the dominant period of the tsunami source. Most of the amplitude ratios to the first elevation phase were approximately 40%, with the largest equivalent to the first positive phase amplitude. We performed numerical analyses by applying the corrected long wave model, which accounted for the effects of seawater density stratification due to compressibility, self-attraction and loading (SAL) of the earth, and wave dispersion compared with observed tsunami waveforms. We attempted to accurately calculate the arrival time and LNP, and to understand how much of a role the physical mechanism played in the discrepancies for the moderate transoceanic tsunami event. The mainly focus of the study is to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each secondary physical effect to the systematic discrepancies using the corrected shallow water model. Taking all of these effects into consideration, our results demonstrated good agreement between the observed and simulated waveforms. We can conclude that the corrected shallow water model can reduce the tsunami propagation speed and reproduce the LNP, which is observed for tsunamis that have propagated over long distances frequently. The travel time delay between the observed and corrected simulated waveforms is reduced to <8 min and the amplitude discrepancy between them was also markedly diminished. The incorporated effects amounted to approximately 78% of the travel time delay correction, with seawater density stratification, SAL, and Boussinesq dispersion contributing approximately 39%, 21%, and 18%, respectively. The simulated results showed that the elastic loading and Boussinesq dispersion not only affected travel time but also changed the simulated waveforms for this event. In contrast, the seawater stratification only reduced the tsunami speed, whereas the earth's elasticity loading was responsible for LNP due to the depression of the seafloor surrounding additional tsunami loading at far-field stations. This study revealed that the traditional shallow water model has inherent defects in estimating tsunami arrival, and the leading negative phase of a tsunami is a typical recognizable feature of a moderately strong transoceanic tsunami. These results also support previous theory and can help to explain the observed discrepancies. 相似文献
90.