贵州赤水地区中三叠统雷口坡组的成岩作用和储集性     

林仲虔 《矿物岩石》1995,15(4):38-43

赤水地区中三叠统雷口坡组的气藏是１９９１年初发现的，其储层主要发育在雷一＾１中段。储集岩主要为溶孔粉晶云岩，储集空间为晶间孔、晶间溶孔及溶孔。受沉积环境控制，成岩早期的淡水溶蚀作用是形成储集性的主要原因，导致雷一＾１亚段的储层具明显的成层性，而印支期抬升引起的风化淋滤作用进一步改善了储集性。成岩期的石膏充填则是使储集空间遭破坏的主要因素。本文通过“四性研究”，充分利用岩石学、岩石地球化学及各种微电  相似文献   

川西坳陷中段须家河组四段钙屑砂岩气层的成因   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

曾小英  张小青  钟玉梅 《沉积学报》2007,25(6):896-902

钙屑砂岩在川西坳陷须家河组四段分布特别广,几乎每个构造、每口井都能见到。岩石大部分致密,目前只在局部井段见到孔隙发育能成为有效储集层。在大量岩石薄片鉴定及资料统计的基础上,对丰谷地区钙屑砂岩的岩石学、成岩作用、储集物性和孔隙发育特征进行了详细的研究。结果表明,丰谷地区钙屑砂岩气层单层砂体厚度大,碳酸盐岩岩屑含量高,方解石胶结物含量低,次生孔隙发育,孔隙类型主要为溶蚀粒间孔。天然气主要来自下三叠统马鞍塘组、须家河组三段、须家河组四中亚段烃源岩。本区钙屑砂岩气层与所经历成岩作用密切相关,属于成岩圈闭型气层。丰谷地区钙屑砂岩气层的形成过程对于勘探类似岩性气藏具有借鉴与指导意义。  相似文献   

松辽盆地古龙凹陷青山口组页岩油储层中有机质微孔特征     

何文渊  赵莹  钟建华  孙宁亮 《地质论评》2023,69(3):1161-1183

页岩油储层中的有机质一直是页岩油研究的重点。用电子背散射(HDBSD)详细地研究了松辽盆地古龙凹陷古龙页岩油储层中的有机质中的微孔,发现了古龙页岩油储层有机质中的微孔非常发育。有机质微孔可以分为4种类型：(1)结构镜质体微孔;(2)均质镜质体微孔;(3)沥青质体微孔;(4)有机黏土微孔。有机质微米孔的直径多在1μm到数微米,圆形、近圆形或不规则;研究还发现,古龙页岩油储层中的孔隙度与有机碳呈一定的正相关关系。对有机质中的微孔孔隙度进行了初步的定量分析,获得了平均值为22.39%;初步计算表明有机微孔对储层孔隙度总的贡献在0.44%左右(有机碳取2.0%)。有机质中的微米孔(包括其他微米孔)可以与更高一级的微缝和页理缝互相联结,构成了一个很好的空间连通网络系统,为松辽盆地古龙页岩油的有效开发奠定了物质基础。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组白云岩储层特征及成因机制     

吴东旭  李昌  周进高  胡琮  黄正良  于洲  李维岭  郭玮 《高校地质学报》2022,28(4):606-616

鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系白云岩是重要的天然气储集层,对其白云岩成因和储层发育规律的研究对于碳酸盐岩深层勘探理论的发展具有重要意义。文章基于大量岩心、薄片的观察,并结合稳定碳氧同位素、稀土元素、白云岩有序度、地层水、包裹体特征等地球化学分析,对盆地奥陶系存在的两种典型白云岩储层的发育特征和形成机理进行了详细研究。分析表明,含硬石膏结核或柱状晶的泥粉晶白云岩主要为潮坪蒸发环境的萨布哈成因,其规模储层的发育主要受到长时不整合的控制,不整合面以下发育大量硬石膏结核和柱状晶溶模孔;颗粒滩白云岩主要为回流渗透成因,其储层孔隙的发育主要受到海平面高频升降的影响,发育多旋回的粒（晶）间孔隙型储层。虽然两种白云岩的白云石化流体都为浓缩海水,但由于白云石化的机制和速率不同,二者的原始孔隙类型和特征迥异。两种白云岩孔隙在后期的成岩改造和演变过程中,既有相同之处,又有明显的区别。这一认识也将对深层的白云岩储层勘探提供指导作用。  相似文献   

陆相咸化湖盆页岩油甜点孔隙特征与成因——以准噶尔盆地芦草沟组为例     

刘金  王剑  马啸  谭静强  刘淼  郑雨  曹剑 《地质学报》2023,97(3):864-878

陆相咸化湖盆页岩油甜点孔隙特征与形成机制复杂,是陆相页岩油研究的关键科学问题。本文以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组为例,综合应用岩石薄片观测、X射线衍射、高压压汞、氮气吸附、扫描电镜、电子探针、碳-氧同位素分析和成岩反演等方法,对此进行了研究。结果表明,以芦草沟组为例的陆相咸化湖盆页岩油甜点段矿物组成以长英质碎屑矿物和碳酸盐类矿物为主,黏土矿物含量较低,成分成熟度低,属于湖相混积岩。甜点孔隙以微—纳米孔为主,类型丰富,半径大于1μm的孔隙主要为粒间溶蚀扩大孔与粒内溶孔,100 nm～1μm主要为晶间孔,小于100 nm主要为黏土级碎屑颗粒粒间孔。沉积微相是控制甜点孔隙发育的关键,特别是滩坝相和三角洲前缘亚相原生孔隙发育,且抗压实能力强,粒间孔保存较好;溶蚀作用是次生孔隙形成的主要原因,进一步改善了储层物性;含铁白云石胶结总体上降低了孔隙度,但也在一定程度上增强了储层刚性,有利于部分孔隙保存。陆相咸化湖盆页岩油甜点孔隙演化呈现快速压实减孔、酸性溶蚀增孔和含铁白云石胶结减孔“三段式”特征,相互之间的匹配关系是控制孔隙发育的关键。  相似文献   

THE SIMULATED EXPERIMENT OF THE SMALL GRANITE BLOCKS UNDER THE COLD DRY CONDITION     

Zhu Liping Institute of Geography  CAS  Beijing People''s Republic of ChinaW.B. Whalley Department of Geography  The Queen''s University of Belfast  BT NN UKWang Jiacheng Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology  Geocryology  CAS  Lanzhou Pe 《地理学报(英文版)》1997,(4)

Ｉ.ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷｅａｔｈｅｒｉｎｇｂｅｈａｖｉｏｕｒｏｆｒｏｃｋｍｕｓｔｂｅｖｉｅｗｅｄａｓｂｅｉｎｇｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｏｆｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅｉｎｔｒｉｎｓｉｃｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓａｎｄｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌｃｌｉｍａｔｉｃｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ[45].Ｍｏｓｔｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓｔｏｆｒｏｓｔｓｈａｔｔｅｒｉｎｇｈａｖｅｅｍｐｈａｓｉｓｅｄｔｈｅｄｉｓｒｕｐｔｉｖｅｆｏｒｃｅｓａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｐｈａｓｅｃｈａｎｇｅｓｏｆｗａｔｅｒｔｏｉｃｅ[1,26,34,3…  相似文献   

珠一坳陷深层砂岩储层孔隙演化研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

施和生  雷永昌  吴梦霜  蓝倩 《地学前缘》2008,15(1):169-175

过去珠一坳陷古近系砂岩储层因埋藏深,其储层物性受到质疑,国内外深部优质储层的不断发现大大拓宽了油气勘探的新领域。通过对砂岩储层的沉积环境、岩石成分、成岩作用、矿物转化等与孔隙特征的关系综合分析发现,胶结作用是导致深部储层物性变差的主要因素,粘土矿物、硅质和硬石膏胶结堵塞了孔隙;深部储层毗邻珠江口盆地最为重要的烃源岩,在中成岩A亚期,有机质处于高成熟阶段,有机质生烃以及粘土矿物在转化过程中所释放出的酸性水的溶解作用是产生大量次生孔隙的重要因素,深部异常超压是孔隙得以保存的条件,珠一坳陷作为油气勘探的新领域,次生孔隙的大量出现和超压对孔隙的保护揭示了其巨大的勘探潜力。  相似文献   

Influence of detrital composition on the diagenetic history of tight sandstones with implications for reservoir quality: Examples from the Permian Xiashihezi Formation and Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation,Daniudi gas field,Ordos Basin,China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

Tight-gas reservoirs, characterized by low porosity and low permeability, are widely considered to be the product of post-depositional, diagenetic processes associated with progressive burial. This study utilizes a combination of thin section petrography, scanning electron microscopy, microprobe and back scatter electron analysis, stable isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusion analysis to compare the diagenetic history, including porosity formation, within sandstones of the second member of Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation (C₃t₂) and the first member of Permian Xiashihezi Formation (P₁x₁) in the Ordos Basin in central China.In the P₁x₁ member, relatively high abundances of metamorphic rock fragments coupled with a braided river and lacustrine delta environment of deposition, produced more smectite for transformation to illite (50–120 °C). This reaction was driven by dissolution of unstable minerals (K-feldspar and rock fragments) during the early to middle stages of mesodiagenesis and consumed all K-feldspar. Abundant intragranular porosity (average values of 2.8%) and microporosity in kaolinite (average values of 1.5%) formed at these burial depths with chlorite and calcite developed as by-products.In the C₃t₂ member, relatively low abundances of metamorphic rock fragments coupled with an incised valley-coastal plain environment of deposition resulted in less smectite for transformation to illite. High K⁺/H⁺ ratios in the early pore waters related to a marine sedimentary environment of deposition promoted this reaction. Under these conditions, K-feldspar was partially preserved. During the middle to late stages of mesodiagenesis, K-feldspar breakdown produced secondary intragranular (average values of 1.4%) and intergranular pores (average values of 1.2%). Release of K⁺ ions promoted illitization of kaolinite with quartz overgrowths and ferrous carbonates developed as by-products.This study has demonstrated that whereas both members are typical tight-gas sandstones, they are characterized by quite different diagenetic histories controlled by the primary detrital composition, especially during mesodiagenesis. Types of secondary porosity vary between the two members and developed at different stages of progressive burial. The content of unstable detrital components, notably feldspar, was the key factor that determined the abundance of secondary porosity.  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系碎屑岩次生孔隙发育控制因素     

郭沫贞  徐洋  寿建峰  刘占国  韩守华 《沉积学报》2017,35(2):330-342

二叠系碎屑岩储集层是准噶尔盆地西北缘地区重要的勘探层位,埋藏深度大,研究其次生孔隙分布及其控制因素是研究区储集层研究的一项难点。利用岩芯、铸体薄片、荧光薄片、扫描电镜、黏土矿物等资料,结合沉积相、构造演化及有机质演化特征,对二叠系碎屑岩次生孔隙发育控制因素进行了研究。研究结果表明:二叠系碎屑岩除发育原生粒间孔外,还发育颗粒溶孔、胶结物溶孔及裂缝等次生孔隙。颗粒溶孔、碳酸盐及沸石胶结物溶孔主要受烃源岩热演化产生的有机酸及大气淡水无机酸作用的范围、规模控制。无机酸成因的溶孔主要发育于不整合面和断裂发育的盆地边缘区域,有机酸成因的次生孔主要发育于紧临烃源岩的盆地中部区域;裂缝主要是在构造挤压应力作用下产生,受构造应力大小、岩性粒级及杂基含量控制,主要分布于西北缘逆冲断裂带内低杂基含量的砂砾岩中。平面分布上,西北缘二叠系碎屑岩储集空间类型在盆地边缘以原生粒间孔为主、其次为无机酸成因的溶蚀孔及裂缝;向盆地中部过渡为有机成因的溶孔为主,原生粒间孔次之的储集空间组合。结合研究区沉积相展布、胶结物分布、构造特征及有机质演化特征,指出盆地中部的扇三角洲前缘区带,浊沸石胶结物发育,靠近烃源岩,处于三期有机酸运移的上倾方向,是有利的浊沸石溶蚀孔隙发育区带。  相似文献   

Numerical modelling of the dynamic process of oil displacement by water in sandstone reservoirs with random pore structures          下载免费PDF全文

Gao Fei  Liu Feng  Wang Hua-jun 《地下水科学与工程》2021,9(3):233-244

In order to maintain the production rate of a reservoir and improve the displacement efficiency, it is crucial to have an in-depth understanding of the process of oil displacement by water. However, with respect to the conceptualization of porous media of a reservoir, very limited efforts have been made to the pore structures inside the reservoirs. In this paper, the pore structures of a sandstone reservoir were generated by using the method of random growth algorithm. Based on the randomly generated model, a theoretical model to describe the dynamic process of oil displacement by water in the sandstone reservoir was established, and then corresponding numerical modelling was performed. The effects of the displacement velocity, the viscosity ratio of oil-water phase and the porosity of reservoirs on the displacement performance were also analyzed. Results show that due to a great difference in the viscosity between oil and water phases, the moving interface of water phase is not uniform, and the viscous fingering occurs, tending to proceed along the direction with the minimum flow resistance. There is not a linear relationship between the displacement velocity and the displacement efficiency. Too high displacement velocities do not lead to much better displacement efficiency, while a higher pressure drop is caused.Choosing a proper displacement velocity is indispensable in practical engineering. A lower oil-water viscosity ratio is more favorable to obtain high displacement efficiency. Under the present simulation conditions, when the viscosity ratio is 1.2, the displacement efficiency reaches 96.2% at a moderate Reynolds number. The porosity is not a sole factor determining the displacement performance. Even for the same porosity, the shape and length of preferential flow paths are different and randomly distributed,causing a different displacement performance. A large tortuosity tends to result in a low hydraulic conductivity and displacement efficiency.  相似文献