Deepwater Ventilation and Stratification in the Neogene South China Sea     

李前裕赵泉鸿  钟广法翦知湣 田军成鑫荣  汪品先陈木宏 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2007,18(2):95-108

Combined data of physical property, benthic foraminifera, and stable isotopes from ODP Sites 1148, 1146, and 1143 are used to discuss deep water evolution in the South China Sea (SCS) since the Early Miocene. The results indicate that 3 lithostratigraphic units, respectively corresponding to 21-17 Ma, 15-10 Ma, and 10-5 Ma with positive red parameter (a*) marking the red brown sediment color represent 3 periods of deep water ventilation. The first 2 periods show a closer link to contemporary production of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) and Northern Component Water (NCW), indicating a free connection of deep waters between the SCS and the open ocean before 10 Ma. After 10 Ma, red parameter dropped but stayed higher than the modern value (a*=0), the CaCO3 percentage difference between Site 1148 from a lower deepwater setting and Site 1146 from an upper deepwater setting enlarged significantly, and benthic species which prefer oxygen-rich bottom conditions dramatically decreased. Coupled with a major negative excursion of benthic δ13C at ~10 Ma, these parameters may denote a weakening in the control of the SCS deep water by the open ocean. Probably they mark the birth of a local deep water due to shallow waterways or rise of sill depths during the course of sea basin closing from south to east by the west-moving Philippine Arc after the end of SCS seafloor spreading at 16-15 Ma. However, it took another 5 Ma before the dissolved oxygen approached close to the modern level. Although the oxygen level continued to stabilize, several Pacific Bottom Water (PBW) and Pacific Deep Water (PDW) marker species rapidly increased since ~6 Ma, followed by a dramatic escalation in planktonic fragmentation which indicates high dissolution especially after ~5 Ma. The period of 5-3 Ma saw the strongest stratified deepwater in the then SCS, as indicated by up to 40% CaCO3 difference between Sites 1148 and 1146. Apart from a strengthening PDW as a result of global cooling and ice cap buildup on northern high latitudes, a deepening sea basin due to stronger subduction eastward may also have triggered the influx of more corrosive waters from the deep western Pacific. Since 3 Ma, the evolution of the SCS deep water entered a modern phase, as characterized by relative stable 10% CaCO3 difference between the two sites and increase in infaunal benthic species which prefer a low oxygenated environment. Thesubsequent reduction of PBW and PDW marker species at about 1.2 Ma and 0.9 Ma and another significant negative excursion of benthic δ13C to a Neogene minimum at ~0.9 Ma together convey a clear message that the PBW largely disappeared and the PDW considerably weakened in the Mid-Pleistocene SCS. Therefore, the true modern mode SCS deep water started to form only during the "Mid-Pleistocene climatic transition" probably due to the rise of sill depths under the Bashi Strait.  相似文献   

Potential seismic landslide hazard and engineering effect in the Ya’an-Linzhi section of the Sichuan-Tibet transportation corridor,China     

《China Geology》2023,6(2):228-240

The Sichuan-Tibet transportation corridor is located at the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the complex topography and geological conditions, developed geo-hazards have severely restricted the planning and construction of major projects. For the long-term prevention and early control of regional seismic landslides, based on analyzing seismic landslide characteristics, the Newmark model was used to carry out the potential seismic landslide hazard assessment with a 50-year beyond probability 10%. The results show that the high seismic landslide hazard is mainly distributed along large active tectonic belts and deep-cut river canyons, and are significantly affected by the active tectonics. The low seismic landslide hazard is mainly distributed in the flat terrain such as the Quaternary basins, broad river valleys, and plateau planation planes. The major east-west linear projects mainly pass through five areas with high seismic landslide hazard: Luding-Kangding section, Yajiang-Xinlong (Yalong river) section, Batang-Baiyu (Jinsha river) section, Basu (Nujiang river) section, and Bomi-Linzhi (eastern Himalaya syntaxis) section. The seismic action of the Bomi-Linzhi section can also induce high-risk geo-hazard chains such as the high-level glacial lake breaks and glacial debris flows. The early prevention of seismic landslides should be strengthened in the areas with high seismic landslide hazard.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

河西走廊成矿带区域成矿规律及找矿方向     

赵国斌  杨合群  余吉远  谭文娟  赵民  余超  朱永新  艾宁  向连格 《地球学报》2023,44(4):660-672

河西走廊成矿带是分布于祁连地区最北部的Ⅲ级成矿单元(全国统一编号为Ⅲ-20), 目前共有235处矿产地, 形成了石油、煤、凹凸棒石黏土、萤石、石膏、芒硝、石灰岩、天然石英砂、铁、铜、金、钨等40余种矿产。该成矿带以沉积成矿作用为主, 其次为流体、岩浆、变质和表生成矿作用, 可分为11种矿床类型, 主要成矿期为华力西期、加里东期、燕山期和喜马拉雅期。河西走廊成矿带可进一步划分为2个成矿亚带, 分别为玉门—民乐成矿亚带和山丹—中卫—泾源成矿亚带。根据构造空间、成矿时间、成矿作用和矿种等四要素的耦合关系, 河西走廊成矿带厘定了10个矿床成矿系列, 包括4个沉积作用有关矿床成矿系列、3个流体作用有关矿床成矿系列、1个岩浆作用有关矿床成矿系列、1个变质作用有关矿床成矿系列和1个表生作用有关矿床成矿系列。通过细分成矿时段和细化成矿地质作用, 进一步解析出16个矿床成矿亚系列, 并建立了47个矿床式。根据区内地质、矿产、物探、化探和遥感信息, 河西走廊成矿带共圈出5个综合预测区, 为下一步找矿工作指出了方向。  相似文献   

区域煤炭资源流动及其宏观经济效应初探——以内蒙古为例     

王宜强  赵媛 《干旱区地理》2015,38(1):163-172

从流量、流向以及流动通道三方面,探讨了内蒙古煤炭资源流动平衡现状,采用向量自回归模型解析了内蒙古煤炭资源流动与其宏观经济发展的相互作用关系,结果表明:(1)内蒙古已成长为中国最大的能源输出基地,煤炭交流活动主要集中在其周边地区,尤以华北和东北地区为主。(2)内蒙古铁路煤炭运能不足,缺乏独立、完善的运输网络。(3)内蒙古煤炭资源流动与区内经济发展水平的提高、重工业的发展、第三产业发展以及税收增长均存在着长期稳定的均衡关系,且对区内重工业发展和税收增长具有明显的单向推动作用,但对区内人均GDP和第三产业发展的促进作用相对比较微弱。(4)建立独立、完善的煤炭运输网络;重视发展煤炭运输及其相关服务业;转变能源输出战略,提高输出资源附加值,带动区内煤炭工业以及整体经济发展水平提高的政策建议。  相似文献   

河西走廊灌溉水田间入渗补给地下水机理研究     

陈志辉  程旭学 《地球科学与环境学报》2002,24(1):33-38

通过对灌溉水田间入渗机理的研究 ,确定灌溉水田间入渗系数 ,制定合理的灌溉定额与灌溉时间 ,对地下水资源评价以及节约用水 ,发展高效农业非常重要。 1985～ 1996年间 ,在河西走廊的张掖平原堡进行了针对包气带水分运移的专门研究试验工作 ,以此为基础 ,对灌溉水田间入渗补给地下水的机理进行探讨  相似文献   

Radon reduction in homes constructed on saprolite in the Central Appalachians     

D. G. Mose  G. W. Mushrush  J. E. Slone 《Environmental Geology》1997,30(3-4):252-256

 A 3-year study of indoor radon in more than 1000 homes in northern Virginia and southern Maryland was conducted using 3-month exposure alpha-track monitors. In a study set of 200 homes, first-floor indoor radon concentrations, which most closely approximates home exposure levels, averaged slightly more than 3 pCi/l. In a study set of 100 homes, sub-slab ventilation was used to reduce indoor radon concentrations. Interest in remediation was related to public perception of the hazardous nature of radon; people living in homes with indoor radon measurements of more than 4 pCi/l were more likely to participate in the remediation phase of the project. Sub-slab ventilation was successful in more than 90% of the homes in reducing indoor radon from concentrations as high as 30 pCi/ to less than 4 pCi/l, at least for the entire year of post-remediation radon measurements. Received: 29 February 1996 · Accepted: 29 May 1996  相似文献   

Metropolitan Chicago's Regional Cultural Park: Assessing the Development of the Illinois & Michigan Canal National Heritage Corridor     

《The Journal of geography》2012,111(3):111-117

Abstract

The United States is undergoing rapid demographic change leading to growing racial, ethnic, religious and economic diversity in our classrooms. Our students can be sensitized to this growing diversity through exposure to the concept of social justice. The purpose of this article is to provide examples of how social justice issues can be included in classroom discussions of the American system of political representation. For this purpose, it examines selected aspects of the redistricting process. It points out that our historic reliance upon the winner-take-all single-member district system of electing representatives to legislative bodies limits the opportunity for minority groups to be fairly represented. It also provides an overview of the impact of the criminal justice system upon fair political representation. The article concludes with an example of a classroom exercise to demonstrate its major points.  相似文献   

河西走廊西段南北向左行逆冲活动断裂的发现及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈柏林 《地质学报》2009,83(7):937-945

在河西走廊西段酒西盆地中心偏北部的阴洼山西侧发现了南北走向的阴洼山西缘左行逆冲断裂。该断裂长约4km,近南北走向,倾向东,倾角中等,是发育于北西向阴洼山右行逆冲断裂近北西端部附近的一条次级活动断裂。沿该断裂奥陶系灰绿色浅变质砂岩逆冲于白垩系紫红色砂砾岩、新近系桔红色泥岩和晚第四纪上更新世末期松散坡积层(热释光年龄10,3ka)之上。在剖面上断裂表现为自东向西的逆冲作用,其最新一次新构造活动时间在全新世中晚期（距今3～5ka）。在平面上该断裂断错自东向西从阴洼山山体流向西侧低丘斜坡戈壁地带的小冲沟致使冲沟呈“S”形拐折,反映出断裂具有明显的左行走滑。该断裂沿断层面的左行斜冲总位移达3000m,其中垂向位移为1800m左右,与阴洼山断裂垂向位移及阴洼山隆升幅度相当。该断裂的形成是阴洼山断裂右行逆冲活动所引起的局部构造应力场作用的结果,也对阴洼山断裂右行逆冲所形成的巨大位移在短距离内起到了消减和平衡作用。  相似文献   

河西走廊春末夏初降水的空间异常分布及年代际变化   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

刘洪兰  李栋梁  郭江勇 《冰川冻土》2004,26(1):55-60

利用河西走廊19个气象代表站建站至2002年5～6月降水量资料, 分析了河西走廊春末夏初干旱的基本气候特征; 在利用EOF和REOF方法进行降水空间异常变化分析和气候分区的基础上,讨论了第一时间系数(PC1)及各区代表站降水量的年代际变化规律. 结果表明, 河西走廊春末夏初降水量在第一空间尺度上为全区一致; 在第二空间尺度上可分为3个气候区; 在第三空间尺度上可分为5个自然气候区. 1980年代为近50 a来降水最多的10 a, 1990年代有所减少, 20世纪末至21世纪初有明显增加. 前期冬季欧亚径向环流加强, 亚洲区极涡面积扩大、强度加强, 冷空气活动频繁, 将有利于次年春末夏初河西走廊降水偏多. 欧洲青藏高原华北西太平洋的波列, 特别是东亚大槽的填塞和青藏高原低值系统频繁活动, 造成了500 hPa高空场上"东高西低"的典型多雨流型.  相似文献   

中蒙俄经济走廊生态经济区划研究     

董锁成  Boldanov Tamir  厉静文  杨洋  李富佳  夏冰  郑吉  Bazarzhapov Tcogto 《地理研究》2021,40(11):2949-2966

区划是地理学认识地理环境地域分异规律和优化人地关系地域系统结构与功能的有效手段。本文首先借鉴已有研究,对区域生态经济学这门新兴交叉学科及生态经济区划等相关概念进行了界定,明确了生态经济区划原则。其次,通过设计两级生态经济区划方案,首次对中蒙俄三国重要的经济增长轴带“中蒙俄经济走廊”这一国际区域进行了生态经济区划探索研究。基于研究区地貌、气候等自然地理要素以及经济开发强度等人文经济要素,首先将研究区划分为6类生态经济区。通过引入人均环境污染物产生量、土地利用类型、产业结构、人均GDP、城镇化率等具体生态环境和经济社会指标,进一步将研究区细化为19类生态经济亚区。最后,综合对比分析各类生态经济亚区的生态环境与经济社会特征及地域分异规律,贯彻绿色可持续发展理念,将其确定为优化发展区、重点发展区和保育发展区3类,并提出了针对不同类型区的绿色发展建议。本研究将为中蒙俄经济走廊的绿色发展提供科学支撑。  相似文献