历史地理学与西部资源的可持续发展--以新疆为例     

阚耀平  张雪梅 《干旱区地理》2002,25(3):278-281

在西部干旱地区，人类活动对自然环境的影响，人在自然环境的演变过程中所发挥的作用是这门学科研究的关键问题。西部大开发为历史地理学的发展提供新的契机。新疆是西部干旱地区环境最敏感的地带，研究其历史时期人与区域环境发展演变的关系、人文地理等现象，能够为我国的西部大开发提供理论依据，最终实现西部资源环境的可持续发展。  相似文献   

极端干旱地区绿洲小气候特征及其生态意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯起  司建华  张艳武  YAO Jiming  LIU Wei  SU Yonghong 《地理学报(英文版)》2006,16(1):34-44

1 Introduction Microclimate is one of the most important environmental factors for plant growth and development. Different plant communities create different microclimatic environments and different microclimatic environments support different biotic comm…  相似文献   

Recent climate trends on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, China     

Hongfeng Zhang  Zhiyun Ouyang  Hua Zheng  Xiaoke Wang 《山地科学学报》2009,6(3):255-265

In arid regions, mountains fulfill important ecological and economic functions for the surrounding lowlands. In the scenario of global warming, mountain ecosystems change rapidly, especially in the arid region of northwestern China. This paper provides an assessment of the changes in temperature and precipitation in the historical records of climate on the northern slopes of the eastern Tianshan Mountains. A Mann-Kendall nonparametric trend and Sen＇s tests are employed to analyze the interannual changes and innerannual variability in temperature and precipitatiofi in the regions of low to high altitude. The present study finds that the largest increases in annual temperature are observed at stations in the low altitude regions. The significant increasing trends in temperature tend to occur mainly in late winter and early spring at stations from middle to high altitude, but in summer and autumn at stations of low altitudes. The increasing trends in annual precipitation are found from the middle to high altitude areas, but decreasing trends are found in the low altitude areas. The significant increasing trends in precipitation occur mostly in winter and earlier spring at stations from the middle to high altitudes, while the increasing and decreasing trend coexists at stations of low altitude with most of the significant trend changes occurring in March, June and August.  相似文献   

印度干旱地区的变迁   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dhir.  RP  李孝泽 《世界沙漠研究》1989,(3):32-35

  相似文献   

干旱地区     

泰勒  查 《干旱区地理》1991,14(2):90-93

如果80年代后期,环境问题的关键是“温室效应”和“臭氧空洞”,那么80年代早期,对应的问题当是“旱灾”和“饥荒”。有关“旱灾”、“沙漠”、“沙漠化”、“土地退化”和“饥荒”等问题,在新闻媒介中谬误泛滥,事实遭到曲解,定义失去严密性。在英国,干旱定义为“连续15天降雨量每天不超过0.2mm”,如1988、1989年秋冬的大部分时间都是这个定义上的干旱。由于它没给人们带来麻烦,也就几乎没作任何报道。一些研究人员认为,干旱只有当它对人类社会产生影响时,才算得上是真正的干旱。因此,这个定义还是不够确切的。  相似文献   

干旱地区植被指数(VI)的适宜性研究   总被引：28，自引：10，他引：18  

高志海  李增元  魏怀东  丁锋  丁国栋 《中国沙漠》2006,26(2):243-248

以位于典型干旱区的甘肃河西地区石羊河下游的民勤绿洲为例,对NDVI、SAVI、MSAVI和GEMI等4种VI(植被指数)受土壤背景光谱影响的程度和探测低盖度植被的能力进行了对比研究。通过分析VI提取植被信息时植被土壤噪音比的变化发现,植被覆盖较低条件下VI提取植被信息总体受土壤背景光谱影响程度较低,相比而言,GEMI提取植被信息中受土壤背景影响最小,其他3种VI的区别不太明显。通过分析不同VI随植被覆盖度增加的反映速率变化及不同覆盖条件下不同VI的取值范围的变化发现,NDVI探测低盖度植被的能力最强,GEMI次之。GEMI可能是干旱地区植被探测较适宜的植被指数。  相似文献   

Guidelines to Authors     

《寒旱区科学》2014,(5):I0002-I0003

1. Aims and scope
Sciences in Cold andArid Regions （SCAR） is a bimonthly journal that publishes in English the latest research achievements in processes and the patterns of the Earth surface system in cold and arid regions. Researches in cold regions emphasize particularly on the cold-region-characterized physical, chemical and biological processes and their interactions, and on the response of cryosphere to global change and human activities as well as their effects on environment and the acclimatizable strategies; focus on the objects of glacier, snow, river, lake, sea ice, permafrost and seasonal frozen ground, and periglacial geomorphology, etc.; and think much of cold regions engineering and technology. Researches in arid regions emphasize particularly on the arid-region-characterized physical, chemical and biological processes and their interactions, and on the response of arid regions to global change and human activities as well as their effects on environment and the acclimatizable strategies; focus on the objects of desert, oasis, loess, and aeolian landforms, etc.; and support integrated studies on mountain-desert-oasis system in arid watershed with water resources as masterstroke, so as to provide reliable technological support for water safety, ecology safety and food safety in arid regions.  相似文献   

宁东鸳鸯湖矿区红柳煤矿顶板砂岩突水机理分析     

褚彦德 《中国煤炭地质》2013,25(4)

宁东鸳鸯湖矿区地处西北干旱地区,但其红柳煤矿1121综采工作面在初采期却经历了4次较大规模的突(涌)水,最大突水量达3 000m3/h,工作面被迫两次停产.通过对采场水文地质条件及覆岩离层分布规律的深入分析研究,可以认定该工作面的周期性突水为煤层开采后顶板砂岩中聚集的离层水所致.在此基础上,总结了开采过程中对煤层顶板砂岩含水层离层水进行有效疏放的方法与成功经验.该研究对宁东鸳鸯湖矿区及其他开采侏罗系煤层矿井的防治水工作具有同等重要意义.  相似文献   

气候资源     

《中国地理与资源文摘》2008,(4)

  相似文献   

施肥及刈割对干旱地区紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  

刘晓静  张进霞  李文卿  范俊俊 《中国沙漠》2014,34(6):1516-1526

在黄土高原中部干旱区采用随机区组试验,研究3个施氮水平(0、51.75、103.5 kg·hm^-2)和3个磷水平(0、126、252 kg·hm^-2)下不同刈割次数(3、4次)对“甘农3号”紫花苜蓿种植当年和第2年产量、株高、再生速度及品质的影响,并对紫花苜蓿生长两年中各指标进行比较.结果表明:干旱地区“甘农3号”紫花苜蓿在具备灌溉条件下,种植当年施肥可显著提高产量、株高和再生速度,且4次刈割下显著高于3次刈割;施肥也能增加紫花苜蓿粗蛋白含量,降低中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量,4次刈割下品质更好;高氮低磷处理(N 103.5 kg·hm^-2+P₂O₅ 126 kg·hm^-2)下效果最好,单施氮肥较单施磷肥效果好.同时,第2年紫花苜蓿产量显著高于第1年,第1年增幅较第2年明显,说明在试验地区,“甘农3号”紫花苜蓿种植当年施肥更有效,第2年施肥仍有益;在灌溉和配施N103.5 kg·hm^-2+P₂O₅ 126 kg·hm^-2条件下,种植当年即可实现4次刈割.  相似文献