超过例外氧暴露时限的空气巡回潜水实验中若干生理功能的观察     

陈宝松  荆岩林  郑继昌 《海洋科学》1991,15(1):35-39

17名潜水员安全地进行了55人次超过美国海军例外氧暴露时限1.5—3倍的空气巡回潜水实验。生理功能观察和肺活量测定结果表明,在水深70m以浅,潜水员均保持了相当好的智力和操作能力,在连续3d 3倍氧暴露时限的巡潜后期,只有3人肺活量下降,且在次日测定时已见恢复,表明上述暴露是安全的。美国海军例外氧暴露时限中对于70m以浅空气暴露的相应规定显得保守。  相似文献   

水体势能的大气复氧法——势能增氧生态床法          下载免费PDF全文

陈鸣钊  丁训静 《水科学进展》2008,19(5):742-745

天然河流水质受到污染,但水能依然存在且可以利用。研究了利用水体的势能进行大气复氧的方法,并将其引进污水生物处理领域。被污染的河水通过势能增氧生态床法进行原位生态修复后,其水质可达到地表水Ⅲ类标准,而且大大降低了污水处理费用。该研究革除了鼓风曝气进行大气复氧(利用动能),突破了污水生物处理的"障碍",充分发挥利用水体势能进行大气复氧的运行费用低的优点,开辟了水能利用的新领域。  相似文献   

南海西部浮游有孔虫记录的MIS 3期表层海洋环境变化          下载免费PDF全文

杨文瑜  黄宝琦  肖洁  周力平 《第四纪研究》2008,28(3):437-446

对南海西部越南岸外上升流区17954-2站浮游有孔虫属种组合变化、浮游有孔虫氧同位素、AMS14C测年的分析以及浮游有孔虫表层海水温度、温跃层转换函数的研究结果表明:在MIS3期,南海西部表层海水温度大体呈现暖-冷-暖的变化趋势;温跃层深度由浅到深阶段性变化;短时间尺度上温度与温跃层发生幅度较大的快速变化。暖事件（IS）对应于浮游有孔虫暖水种、混合层属种含量的增加,冷水种、温跃层属种含量的减少以及冬夏SST的升高;冷事件则与之相反。表层海水生产力亦大致呈现3个阶段（61～51ka,51～42ka和42～32ka）的变化,在千年尺度的快速气候事件中,暖事件对应浮游有孔虫生产力属种含量降低,冷事件对应升高。此外,在MIS3内部分暖事件（IS6和IS11～13）表现出表层海水温度降低,温跃层深度变浅和表层海水生产力升高的状况,表明该区此时上升流的存在,其形成原因推测是由于东亚夏季风加强的结果。  相似文献   

塔东地区古城4井上寒武统—中、上奥陶统流体地球化学示踪     

王东  王国芝  冉启贵  刘树根  胡九珍  张长俊 《现代地质》2008,22(4)

通过对塔东地区古城4井上寒武统和中、上奥陶统碳酸盐岩围岩及充填物的碳、氧、锶同位素地球化学和流体包裹体成分的对比研究表明,充填于中、上奥陶统和上寒武统的流体分属于2个不同来源的流体体系。充填于中、上奥陶统灰岩裂缝中方解石脉的w(87Sr)/w(86Sr)介于0.7084~0.7088,它与早奥陶世海水的w(87Sr)/w(86Sr)相近;流体体系为CH4-H2O体系;充填物与围岩间具有明显的碳、氧同位素差异,表明上部流体体系中的流体来自于奥陶系地层本身。上寒武统白云岩裂缝中方解石脉的w(87Sr)/w(86Sr)为0.7138,明显地高于同时代海水的锶同位素值;流体体系为CO2-H2O体系;下部流体体系中的流体为外来富锶流体。上、下流体体系间互不连通暗示着上寒武统地层具有相对较好的保存条件。  相似文献   

Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of car- bonate cements of different phases in terrigenous siliciclastic reservoirs and significance for their origin： A case study from sandstones of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, southwestern Ordos Basin, China     

Qi Wang  Xizhun Zhuo  Guojun Chen  Xiaoyan Li 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(3):249-256

Early carbonate cements in the Yanchang Formation sandstones are composed mainly of calcite with relatively heavier carbon isotope （their δ^18O values range from -0.3‰- -0.1‰） and lighter oxygen isotope （their δ^18O values range from -22.1‰- -19.5‰）. Generally, they are closely related to the direct precipitation of oversaturated calcium carbonate from alkaline lake water. This kind of cementation plays an important role in enhancing the anti-compaction ability of sandstones, preserving intragranular volume and providing the mass basis for later disso- lution caused by acidic fluid flow to produce secondary porosity. Ferriferous calcites are characterized by relatively light carbon isotope with δ^13C values ranging from -8.02‰ to -3.23‰, and lighter oxygen isotope with δ^18O values ranging from -22.9‰ to -19.7‰, which is obviously related to the decarboxylation of organic matter during the late period of early diagenesis to the early period of late diagenesis. As the mid-late diagenetic products, ferriferous cal- cites in the study area are considered as the characteristic authigenic minerals for indicating large-scaled hydrocarbon influx and migration within the clastic reservoir. The late ankerite is relatively heavy in carbon isotope with δ^13C values ranging from -1.92‰ to -0.84‰, and shows a wide range of variations in oxygen isotopic composition, with δ^18O values ranging from -20.5‰ to -12.6‰. They are believed to have nothing to do with decarboxylation, but the previously formed marine carbonate rock fragments may serve as the chief carbon source for their precipitation, and the alkaline diagenetic environment at the mid-late stage would promote this process.  相似文献   

Environmental Redox Changes of the Ancient Sea in the Yangtze Area during the Ordo-Silurian Transition     

YAN Detian  CHEN Daizhao  WANG Qingchen  WANG Jianguo  CHU Yang 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3):679-689

Extensive organic-matter （OM） rich facies （black shales） occur in the Ordo-Silurian boundary successions in the Yangtze area, South China. To investigate the redox changes of the Yangtze Sea during the Ordo-Silurian transition, two OM sections （Wangjiawan in Yichang, Hubei Province, and Sanjiaguan in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province） straddling the Ordo-Silurian boundary are studied. The measurements finished in this study include contents of the total organic carbon （TOC）, pyrite sulphur, and different species of Fe, including dithionite-extractable Fe （FED）, pyrite Fe （FeP）, HCl-extractable Fe （FeH）, and total Fe （FeT）, in black shales, as well as other redox proxies, such as the SIC ratio, the ratio between highly reactive Fe （FeHR = FeD ＋ FeP） and FeT, and the FeP/（FeP ＋ FeH） ratio, known as the degree of pyritization （DOP）. In the Wangjiawan section, the Middle Ashgill sediments have high FeHR/FeT ratios （0.20-0.77; avg. 0.45）, high DOP values （0.21-0.72; avg. 0.54）, and a relatively constant sulfur content independent of the organic carbon content. By the contrast, the mid-early Hirnantian deposits generally have low FeHR/FeT ratios （0.10-0.35; avg. 0.21）, low DOP values （0.11- 0.40; avg. 0.28）, and SIC values are clustering on the normal marine value （SIC = 0.36）. The late Hirnantian and early Rhuddanian deposits, similar to those of the Middle Ashgill deposits, are characterized by high FeHR/FeT ratios （0.32-0.49; avg. 0.41）, high DOP values （0.46-0.68; avg. 0.53） and fairly constant sulfur contents. These data suggest the occurrences of marine anoxia on the Yangtze Sea shelf during intervals of the Mid Ashgill, Late Hirnantian and Early Rhuddanian, and ventilated and oxygenated marine conditions during the mid-early Hirnantian time. The mid-early Hirnantian ventilated event was concomitant with the global glacial period, likely resulted from the glacio-eustatic sea-level fall and subsequent circulation of cold, dense oxygenated waters  相似文献   

基于MATLAB图像处理工具箱IPT函数的遥感图像配准     

梁洪有  余涛  顾行发 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(5)

遥感图像配准是遥感图像拼接、信息融合的基础,是对遥感图像定量应用和研究的关键环节.MATLAB的图像处理工具箱IPT(Image Processing Toolbox)提供有基于点特征进行图像配准的函数,利用这些函数可以方便快捷地完成图像之间的配准.论文首先对图像配准及基于点特征的遥感图像配准作了详细的介绍,然后对IPT中配准函数的语法格式作了详尽的分析,并对两幅遥感图像进行了配准操作,最后对该方法进行了结论性分析,阐明该方法的应用价值与可改进之处.  相似文献   

InSAR复数影像配准方法探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

焦明连  蒋廷臣 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(6)

复数影像配准是卫星合成孔径雷达干涉数据处理中的重要步骤之一,本文对目前影像配准最常用的方法进行了研究分析,提出了基于幅度影像的配准方案,并证明该方案配准精度高,适应能力强,运算效率高.  相似文献   

新疆罗布泊盐湖卤水资源综合开发研究   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  

李浩  唐中凡  刘传福  雷光元 《地球学报》2008,29(4):517-524

罗布泊盐湖赋存有丰富的含钾硫酸镁亚型卤水,现已探明仅罗北凹地区段孔隙度储量2.67×109t(折合KCl),属特大型钾盐卤水矿藏,是生产硫酸钾的理想原料;此外,卤水中含有丰富的钠、镁、锂、硼等资源,综合回收利用价值较大。本文针对罗布泊盐湖卤水资源,在有效利用盐湖钾资源同时,加快其他共生资源的综合开发进程,将新疆罗布泊盐湖资源开发建设推向持续、合理、有效、高值的循环经济发展的道路,为国家西部经济开发做出贡献。  相似文献   

黑河下游河岸林植物水分来源初步研究   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

赵良菊  肖洪浪  程国栋  宋耀选  赵亮  李彩芝  杨秋 《地球学报》2008,29(6):709-718

通过分析黑河下游极端干旱区荒漠河岸林植物木质部水及其不同潜在水源稳定氧同位素组成(δ18O),应用"同位素质量守恒多元"分析方法初步研究了不同潜在水源对河岸林植物的贡献.结果表明:在黑河下游荒漠河岸林生态系统,在河水转化为地下水和土壤水及水分在土壤剖面再分配的过程中均存在强烈的同位素分馏.对植物水δ18O而言,胡杨、柽柳和苦豆子的δ18O分别为-6.43‰、-6.28‰～和-6.61‰,较苦苣菜(-5.14‰)和蒲公英(-5·52‰)明显偏负.柱状频率图显示胡杨最多能利用93%的地下水,柽柳最多利用90%的地下水.而苦豆子97%水分来源于80 cm土层范围内的土壤水.除0～20 cm土层内的土壤水外,苦苣菜和蒲公英可能还有其他潜在水源.即在黑河下游天然河岸林乔木和灌木较多地利用地下水,而草本植物仍然以地表水为主.  相似文献