Comparison of Simulated and Reconstructed Temperature in China during the past 2000 years     

Wang Xiaoqing  Liu Jian  Wang Zhiyuan 《地球科学进展》2015,30(12):1318

Studying climate changes over the past 2 000 years has important scientific significance in exploring climate variability on decadal to centennial timescales, assessing the natural and anthropogenic contribution to the climate warming, and understanding the effects of human activities in the past and future climate changes. Due to the scarcity of observation and uncertainty of reconstruction in this period, climate model is developed as a useful tool for studying paleoclimate.The Community Earth System Model (CESM) is one of the state-of-the-art climate models, but its performance in simulating the temperature in China has not been examined.The temperature datasets of observation/reanalysis (GHCN_CAMS) and reconstructions during the past 2000 years in China were used to examine the performance of CESM. The comparison between the annual average temperatures of GHCN_CAMS reanalysis and simulation showed that the model well reproduced the spatial distributions and upward trend of the annual average temperature in China, and the comparison with reconstructions in five sub-regions of China indicated that the simulation were in good consistent with the average temperature changes of reconstructionson decadal time scales. On the centennial time scale, the average temperature fluctuations of simulation in the regions of China were in accord with reconstructions generally except for Central East and Tibet.There existed three warm periods of simulated temperature variation in China over the past 2000 years, including 0-540AD, 800-1250AD and 1901-2000AD, and two cold periods involving the 551-721AD and 1400-1850AD, which had some discrepancies with reconstructions. And the discrepancies between simulation and reconstructions might be related to uncertainties of the resolution, external forcing and parameterization of the subgrid-scale process in the model.  相似文献   

基于IDL的资源一号02C星HR影像RFM几何校正     

钱志奇  朱晓雯  房莹莹 《江苏地质》2015,39(1):55-60

资源一号(ZY-1)02C卫星作为我国高分辨率遥感数据卫星之一,正广泛应用于各个领域.该卫星数据采用国际上广泛使用的有理函数模型(Rational Function Model,RFM),并提供有理函数多项式系数(Rational PolynomialCoefficients,RPC).针对ZY-1 02C星1级辐射校正数据格式特点,在充分了解数据文件结构基础上,使用IDL语言进行开发,通过RFM反演其RPC,实现HR影像的几何校正等预处理.实验结果表明,程序执行快速稳定,精度可靠,影像镶嵌效果好,可以有效使用RFM实现大数据量影像的系统几何校正,避免重复操作中间数据的繁琐步骤,提高工作效率,具有实用价值.  相似文献   

The Paleoceanography during the Time with High δ13C of Phanerozoic marine carbonates     

Huang Sijing  Li Xiaoning  Wu Wenhui  Zhang Meng  Hu Zuowei  Liu Sibing  Huang Keke  Zhong Yijiang 《地球科学进展》2015,30(11):1185-1197

Carbon isotopic composition of marine carbonates is a record for various important geological events in the process of earth development and evolution. The carbonates of Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic, as the transition from Paleozoic to Mesozoic-Cenozoic have very high ¹³C value. Taking this as the main point, and combined with the oxygen, strontium isotopic composition in carbonates, distribution of carbonate basin area through geologic time, the correlation of carbon isotopic composition of marine carbonates to sea level change, organic carbon burial flux, exchange of CO₂ content in atmosphere and ocean, and long cycle evolution of the earth ecosystems were approached. The results are shown as follows: ①The interval of ¹³C >3‰ during Phanerozoic was concentrated in Carboniferous, Permian and the beginning of Triassic, but the beginning of Triassic was characterized by higher frequency and larger fluctuations in ¹³C value during a short time, whereas the Carboniferous-Permian presented a continuously stable high ¹³C value, indicating a larger amount of organic carbon accumulation in this time interval. Relatively high ¹⁸O values during this time was also observed, showing a long time of glaciations and cold climate, which suggest a connection among rapid organic carbon burial, cold climate, as well as pCO₂ and pO₂ states of atmosphere. ②The over consumption of atmosphere CO₂ by green plants during the time with high ¹³C of seawater forced CO₂ being transferred from ocean to atmosphere for the balance, but the decrease in the seawater amount and water column pressure caused by the global cooling could weaken dissolution capacity of CO₂ in seawater and carbon storage of marine carbonates, and also reduce the carbonate sedimentary rate and decrease the carbonate basin area globally from Devonian to Carboniferous and Permian. During the middle-late Permian carbonate was widely replaced by siliceous sediments even though in shallow carbonate platform, which resulted in the decrease of marine invertebrates, suggesting the Permian chert event should be global. ③The Phanerozoic ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr trend of seawater showed a sharp fall in Permian and drop to a minimum at the end of the Permian, indicting input of strontium from the submarine hydrothermal systems (mantle flux). Such process should accompany with a supplement of CO₂ from deep earth to atmosphere and ocean system, but the process associated with widespread volcanism and rises of earth’s surface temperature pricked up the mass extinction during the time of end Permian. ④Cold climate and increase of continental icecap volume, the amalgamation of northern Africa and Laurentia continentals were the main reasons responsible for the sea level drop, but the water consumption result from the significantly increased accumulation of organic carbon should also be one of the reasons for the sea level drop on the order of tens of meters. ⑤The mass extinction at the end Permian was an inevitable event in the process of earth system adjustment. It was difficult for marine invertebrates to survive because of the continuously rapid burial of organic carbon, and of the decrease of sea water amount and its dissolution ability to CO₂. At last, at the end of Paleozoic, the supplement of CO₂ to atmosphere and ocean by widely magma activities resulted in a high temperature of earth surface and intensified mass extinction.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地LFP区块长2段沉积相研究     

叶亚坤  苏海伦  薛永康  李阳阳 《地下水》2015,(4)

储层的沉积相研究通常是油气藏勘探开发过程中一项十分重要的任务,它控制着储集砂体的成因类型及宏观分布。在岩芯观察的基础上,结合综合录井资料和野外露头剖面信息,运用沉积学、沉积构造、剖面结构、古生物及测井相等划分沉积相的标志,对研究区内钻井进行单井沉积相划分,对不同钻井之间的沉积相进行综合比对,结果认为LEP区块长2段主要从三角洲前缘高建设的水下分流河道骨架砂体沉积为主。  相似文献   

西页1井龙潭组海陆过渡相页岩含气性分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王中鹏  张金川  孙睿  刘昌为  杜晓瑞  卢亚亚 《地学前缘》2015,22(2):243-250

目前,国内外在海陆过渡相页岩含气性方面的相关研究较少。位于贵州省毕节地区黔西县境内的页岩气参数调查井西页1井揭示了黔西北地区上二叠统龙潭组海陆过渡相黑色碳质页岩发育特征及其含气性特点。通过有机地球化学实验,获取了西页1井的有机地化参数:TOC含量分布范围为0.4%~17.85%,平均值为4.25%;Ro分布范围为2.68%~3.48%,平均值为3.06%。钻、录、测井资料分析显示该井钻遇上二叠统龙潭组富有机质页岩层系厚度为148.85m,在钻进过程中,共有6层出现气显示。利用测井资料、现场解吸和等温吸附实验数据分析和计算,认为龙潭组海陆过渡相页岩含气页岩层段多,具有良好的吸附能力,得到总含气量为1.40~19.60m3/t。通过以上结果分析表明:西页1井所揭示的上二叠统海陆过渡相龙潭组含气页岩具有层段数量多、单层厚度小、有机质分段富集、热演化成熟度偏高等特点,且含气性较好,故该区海陆过渡相龙潭组地层具有较大的页岩气资源潜力。  相似文献   

页岩油资源定量评价中关键参数的选取与校正——以松辽盆地北部青山口组为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛海涛  田善思  卢双舫  张文华  杜添添  穆国栋 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2015,34(1)

页岩油资源评价过程中,常用热解参数(S1)反映含油性。由于实验关系,所测得的S1存在轻烃、重烃的损失,为更准确的对页岩油资源进行定量评价,本文通过有机质成烃动力学研究以及对样品抽提前后的热解参数进行对比,对S1进行轻、重烃补偿校正,获得泥页岩总含油率参数,根据泥页岩排烃门限确定其可动油含量参数(S1/TOC)。研究结果表明,松辽盆地北部青山口组泥页岩S1校正前后相差2~3倍,排烃门限对应的S1/TOC=75mg/g TOC,结合黏土矿物含量(表征可压裂性),优选出页岩油勘探开发有利区:青一段有利区主要集中在齐家古龙凹陷中北部及龙虎泡大安阶地中部,青二、三段集中在龙虎泡大安阶地中部与齐家古龙凹陷中南部。  相似文献   

陕西延安Q_2原状黄土抗拉强度试验研究     

孙纬宇  梁庆国  严松宏  欧尔峰  邵森林 《地质力学学报》2015,21(3):386-392

对陕西延安新宝塔山隧道Q2原状黄土进行了不同加载速率的无侧限抗压与贯入抗拉试验,研究了Q2原状黄土抗压与抗拉强度的影响因素。结果表明:加载速率对宝塔山Q2原状黄土抗压和抗拉强度影响较大,抗压强度与抗拉强度随加载速率增大而增大;高径比对抗拉强度也有较大影响,试验时当高径比控制在1.0左右时,高径比对宝塔山Q2原状黄土的抗拉强度影响相对较小,因此采用轴向压裂法测量黄土的抗拉强度时,高径比宜控制在1.0;在试验加载速率范围内,加载速率对宝塔山Q2原状黄土的压拉比影响不大,其压拉比在9.88~13.68范围内变化。  相似文献   

内蒙古突泉盆地突参1井原油地球化学特征与油源分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李世臻  周新桂  王丹丹  林燕华  张文浩 《地质通报》2015,34(10):1946-1951

在内蒙古突泉盆地牤牛海坳陷南部突参1井的1684.5~1698.2m深度段侏罗系万宝组发现轻质原油,揭示了该区较好的油气勘探新领域。对该井原油和主要烃源岩分子地球化学特征、族组分稳定C同位素等进行了分析认为,该原油为轻质高蜡原油,C31升藿烷、C29甾烷异构化等成熟度参数显示该原油为成熟原油。正构烷烃呈单峰前峰型,姥鲛烷较植烷占绝对优势(Pr/Ph2.5),C29规则甾烷含量远高于C27甾烷,伽马蜡烷含量低,表明该原油生烃母质形成于以陆源高等植物为主的偏氧化沉积环境,原油来自该区侏罗系万宝组煤系泥岩。  相似文献   

珠江流域碳酸盐岩与硅酸盐岩风化对大气CO_2汇的效应   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

覃小群  蒋忠诚  张连凯  黄奇波  刘朋雨 《地质通报》2015,34(9):1749-1757

对珠江流域11个测站的河水1个水文年4次取样进行水化学和同位素测试分析,揭示无论是碳酸盐岩区还是硅酸盐岩区,岩石风化均使河流的离子成分以HCO3-、Ca2+、Mg2+为主,碳酸盐岩风化溶蚀速率和由碳酸盐岩风化溶蚀引起的大气CO2消耗量分别为27.60 mm/ka和540.21x103mol/(km2·a-1),是硅酸盐岩风化速率和由硅酸盐岩风化引起的大气CO2消耗量的10.8倍和6.7倍,说明碳酸盐岩风化是流域碳汇过程及效应的主体。由于有利的水热条件和高的碳酸盐岩面积比例,珠江流域平均岩石风化速率和由岩石风化作用引起的大气CO2消耗量分别为30.15mm/ka和620.36×103mol/(km2·a-1),为全球60条河流平均值的2.6倍。  相似文献   

大气CO₂浓度时空变化卫星遥感监测的应用潜力分析     

布然  雷莉萍  郭丽洁  刘达  曾招城 《遥感学报》2015,19(1):34-45

GOSAT卫星观测反演大气CO2浓度精度已经提高到了1—2 ppm,而卫星数据能否准确地揭示全球和区域大气CO2浓度变化特征还缺乏充分的评价与分析。本文针对已经连续运行观测3年的GOSAT卫星,收集了来自美国NASA-OCO团队(ACOS)和日本环境研究所GOSAT团队(NIES)基于各自算法反演的两套大气CO2柱浓度数据,描述并分析了全球大气CO2时空变化特征。分析结果表明,从XCO2反演的绝对值结果来看ACOS总体上比NIES的高出约2 ppm左右,但从时空的相对变化上它们揭示了相近的大气CO2浓度时空变化特征。两套数据显示出全球平均大气CO2浓度在2010年—2012年的3年期间年增量分别为1.8 ppm和2.0 ppm;季节变化幅度,北半球最大4—6 ppm,南半球最大约2 ppm,这与地面观测结果基本一致。进一步将EDGAR 4.2人为排放总量格网化数据与GOSAT卫星观测反演的CO2浓度进行相关统计分析,结果指出两套数据对人为排放量有着微弱的响应。本文结果指出目前GOSAT卫星观测反演的XCO2可以检测出全球和区域大气CO2浓度的年变化、季节变化和区域空间变化的特征;GOSAT卫星10.5 km空间分辨率的观测虽难于检测出点源的浓度变化,但从区域上对人为排放的累积效应的监测显示了一定的应用潜力。  相似文献