Seismic collapse risk of precast industrial buildings with strong connections     

Miha Kramar  Tatjana Isaković  Matej Fischinger 《地震工程与结构动力学》2010,39(8):847-868

A systematic seismic risk study has been performed on some typical precast industrial buildings that consists of assemblages of cantilever columns with high shear‐span ratios connected to an essentially rigid roof system with strong pinned connections. These buildings were designed according to the requirements of Eurocode 8. The numerical models and procedures were modified in order to address the particular characteristics of the analyzed system. They were also verified by pseudo‐dynamic and cyclic tests of full‐scale large buildings. The intensity measure (IM)‐based solution strategy described in the PEER methodology was used to estimate the seismic collapse risk in terms of peak ground acceleration capacity and the probability of exceeding the global collapse limit state. The effect of the uncertainty in the model parameters on the dispersion of collapse capacity was investigated in depth. Reasonable seismic safety (as proposed by the Joint Committee on Structural Safety) was demonstrated for all the regular single‐storey precast industrial buildings addressed in this study. However, if the flexural strength required by EC8 was exactly matched, and the additional strength, which results from minimum longitudinal reinforcement, was disregarded as well as large dispersion in records was considered, the seismic risk might in some cases exceed the acceptable limits. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

东营凹陷永8地区沙三段沉积体系研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李聪  钟建华  李佳  林刚山 《沉积与特提斯地质》2017,37(1):25-33

综合运用岩心、测井、录井、地震、古生物等资料,对东营凹陷永8地区沙三段进行层序地层划分和沉积相研究。将沙三段划分为上、中、下3个长期旋回,进一步将沙三上亚段和沙三中亚段各分为4个短期旋回,沙三下亚段分为2个短期旋回。古近纪沙三期主要发育2种沉积相类型,即三角洲、半深湖-深湖相。对研究区沉积相的演化特征分析表明,构造位置、古地貌和物源方向对沉积相具有重要的控制作用。研究区沙三段发育了前三角洲-三角洲前缘-三角洲平原-河流相-浅湖亚相纵向演化序列,沉积体系在纵向上表现为湖泊-河流-湖泊体系的分布特点,具有明显的周期性纵向演化特征。在平面上,河流、三角洲从东向西逐渐推进。通过对该地区的沉积体系研究,为储层评价及油气勘探起到指导作用。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长8段液化柱及相关软沉积物变形     

贺静  冯胜斌 《地质学报》2017,91(3):645-657

笔者在鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长8段的岩芯中首次识别出液化柱变形构造,本文从三维空间研究其宏观与微观特征。赋存液化柱的长8段的多个层位的岩芯中均发现有软沉积物变形构造,如液化流动变形、水塑性变形及脆性变形等,广泛分布于盆地不同地区的钻井岩芯中,并在垂向上重复出现。结合长8段的沉积环境和构造背景分析,笔者认为长8段的液化柱与软沉积物变形系地震触发。晚三叠世鄂尔多斯盆地以南秦岭地震造山运动与盆地沉陷是长8段软沉积物变形的构造背景。根据地震触发软沉积物变形构造的时空分布,鄂尔多斯盆地在长8段沉积的地质时期已受控于秦岭造山带动力机制的控制,而不是传统认为的仅在长8段沉积末期。  相似文献   

Landsat8 OLI图像增强与岩性识别方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张翠芬 《地质与勘探》2017,53(2):325-333

新疆维吾尔自治区阿克陶县布伦口地区海拔高、穿越条件差、岩性复杂,因而研究Landsat8 OLI数据信息增强与岩性识别在该区有强大的应用需求,也有遥感岩性识别的理论意义。区内不同岩性单元光谱较为相似,仅利用最佳波段组合(OIF)指数、主成分分析(PCA)和独立主成分分析(ICA)等图像增强方法均不能最大限度地区分各岩性单元。通过分析独立主成分变换之后各岩性单元的特征向量,发现不同岩性单元特征向量差异比原图像光谱差异增大,为扩大差异,依据特征向量统计结果构建比值运算,再联合PCA特征向量进行彩色合成,各岩性单元可识别性显著增加。研究表明:(1)采用联合多种图像增强的方法能将研究区不同岩性单元进行分离;(2)国道314南北两侧地层均划归布伦阔勒岩群的结论有误,其北侧仍属布伦阔岩石,南侧实为片麻状二长花岗岩;(3)沙湖南东原划归志留纪的岩石单元可进一步分解为志留纪地层和元古代布伦阔勒岩群岩石单元。该方法有推广应用价值和深化研究的前景。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部镇泾地区长8油层组致密储层评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

林卫  兵 《地质与勘探》2017,53(2):381-389

综合鄂尔多斯盆地西南部镇泾地区延长组长8油层组的岩心、薄片、孔渗及压汞测试等资料,在长8储层结构、储层质量发育控制因素研究基础上,对长8低渗致密砂岩储层进行了分类评价。结果表明,长8砂岩储层发育低孔-特低渗储集物性,储层孔隙结构具有细-微孔喉、排驱压力大、分选差的特征,主要可分为3种类型,其中发育Ⅰ型曲线储层孔渗性最好。沉积作用形成的物质基础决定了储层原始孔渗性能,其中分流河道及水下分流河道具最优孔渗性能;成岩作用中,压实作用是储层储集性能破坏的主要因素;溶蚀作用起建设性改善作用。选取孔隙度、渗透率、孔隙排驱压力、中值压力和中值孔喉半径等主要储层参数进行聚类分析,将长8储层划分为3种类型:Ⅰ类为最好储层,Ⅱ类为较好储层,Ⅲ类为相对最差储层。其中,Ⅰ类储层主要分布于分流河道分叉叠置及水下分流河道汇聚叠合部位,储层品质最好,为最有利勘探目标。  相似文献   

Monte Carlo simulation of an in-situ search of water on the Martian surface by using neutron spectroscopy     

H Vincke  W NinausHj Müller  J Brückner 《Planetary and Space Science》2003,51(6):375-380

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Local geoid determination from airborne vector gravimetry   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

J. G. Serpas  C. Jekeli 《Journal of Geodesy》2005,78(10):577-587

Methods are illustrated to compute the local geoid using the vertical and horizontal components of the gravity disturbance vector derived from an airborne GPS/inertial navigation system. The data were collected by the University of Calgary in a test area of the Canadian Rocky Mountains and consist of multiple parallel tracks and two crossing tracks of accelerometer and gyro measurements, as well as precise GPS positions. Both the boundary-value problem approach (Hotine8pnn8gm/xxlarge8217.gif" alt="rsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">s integral) and the profiling approach (line integral) were applied to compute the disturbing potential at flight altitude. Cross-over adjustments with minimal control were investigated and utilized to remove error biases and trends in the estimated gravity disturbance components. Final estimation of the geoid from the vertical gravity disturbance included downward continuation of the disturbing potential with correction for intervening terrain masses. A comparison of geoid estimates to the Canadian Geoid 2000 (CGG2000) yielded an average standard deviation per track of 14 cm if they were derived from the vertical gravity disturbance (minimally controlled with a cross-over adjustment), and 10 cm if derived from the horizontal components (minimally controlled in part with a simulated cross-over adjustment). Downward continuation improved the estimates slightly by decreasing the average standard deviation by about 0.5 cm. The application of a wave correlation filter to both types of geoid estimates yielded significant improvement by decreasing the average standard deviation per track to 7.6 cm.  相似文献   

Estimation of the Source Time Function Based on Blind Deconvolution with Gaussian Mixtures     

Boi-Yee?Liao  Huey-Chu?HuangEmail author 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2005,162(3):479-494

It is demonstrated that the blind deconvolution method is fully capable of recovering the unknown Green8t6lqw68k0p9v5g0/xxlarge8217.gif" alt="rsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">s function and of estimating the source time functions from observed seismic data of small earthquakes. Based on the assumption of the Gaussian-mixture model of the Green8t6lqw68k0p9v5g0/xxlarge8217.gif" alt="rsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">s function, the newly-formulated algorithm is evaluated using synthetic seismic data along with those of the May 8, 1996 Mexico earthquake (M_c = 4.6). Since the estimated results closely match the theoretical input very well, the method is then employed to analyze the source time functions of the July 7, 1995 Pu-Li, Taiwan earthquake (M_L = 5.3). The stations triggered by this event were azimuthally well covered. Using the estimated source time functions, information pertaining to the directivity effect is readily obtained, and the actual fault plane of this event is identified, thus clearly indicating that this method provides a most efficient way to estimate the source time function of a small earthquake.Acknowledgment The authors would like to express their thanks to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions and Dr. I. Santamaria8t6lqw68k0p9v5g0/xxlarge8217.gif" alt="rsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">s courteous assistance. They also appreciate the efforts of Drs. H.C. Chiu and R.J. Rau, who provided the seismic data and the fault plane solutions. The National Science Council, Taiwan, has supported this research (NSC 91-2119-M-194-011).  相似文献   

Epithermal gold veins in a caldera setting: Banská Hodruša, Slovakia     

Peter Koděra  Jaroslav Lexa  Andrew Hugh Rankin  Anthony Edward Fallick 《Mineralium Deposita》2005,39(8):921-943

The central zone of the large Miocene 8a/xxlarge352.gif" alt="Scaron" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">tiavnica stratovolcano in the Western Carpathians hosts epithermal Au mineralization of intermediate-sulfidation type, located at deep levels of the historic Rozália base-metal mine at Banská Hodru8a/xxlarge353.gif" alt="scaron" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">a. The Au mineralization occurs as subhorizontal veins at the base of pre-caldera andesites, close to the roof of a subvolcanic granodiorite intrusion. The veins are dismembered by a set of quartz–diorite porphyry sills and displaced by the younger, steeply dipping, Rozália base-metal vein, and parallel structures. The base-metal vein structures are related to resurgent horst uplift in the caldera center. The Au mineralization formed during two stages. Based on fluid inclusion evidence, both stages formed from fluids of low salinity (0–3 wt% NaCl eq.), which underwent extensive boiling at moderate temperatures (280–330°C). Variable pressure conditions (39–95 bars, neglecting the effect of CO₂) indicate continual opening of the system and a transition from suprahydrostatic towards hydrodynamic conditions at shallow depths (~550 m). The fluid inclusions of the Rozália base-metal vein show homogenization temperature peaks at ~285 and 187°C and salinities between 1 and 4 wt% NaCl eq. Precipitation of Au is considered to be the result of prolonged boiling of fluids and associated decrease in Au solubility. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope data for quartz and carbonate from the Au veins show a relatively homogeneous fluid composition (–2.7 to 1.18a/xxlarge8240.gif" alt="permil" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">8a/xxlarge948.gif" alt="delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">¹⁸O, –78 to –628a/xxlarge8240.gif" alt="permil" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">8a/xxlarge948.gif" alt="delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">D). The combined 8a/xxlarge948.gif" alt="delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">¹⁸O_fluid and 8a/xxlarge948.gif" alt="delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">D_fluid values suggest a mixed character of fluids, falling between the fields of typical magmatic and meteoric water influenced by 8a/xxlarge948.gif" alt="delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">¹⁸O_fluid shift due to fluid–rock isotopic exchange. End stages of open-system boiling and fractionation could have been reached, at least locally. Significantly lower isotopic composition of meteoric fluids associated with Au mineralization compared to those associated with the intrusion-related mineralizations could have resulted from changing paleoclimate and/or analytical problems of extraction of water from fluid inclusions. The proposed genetic model for the Au deposit at Rozália mine highlights the importance of hydrothermal activity during the early stage of caldera collapse. Caldera subsidence established new, convective, fluid-flow paths along marginal caldera faults, which acted as infiltration zones. Major metal precipitation occurred within subhorizontal structures that formed as the result of a collapse-related stress field. A shallow, differentiated magma chamber at the base of the volcano was the likely source of heat and magmatic components for the mineralizing fluids.Editorial handling: S. Nicolescu  相似文献   

A Late Hauterivian short-lived anoxic event in the Mediterranean Tethys: the ‘Faraoni Event’     

Franois Baudin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2005,337(16):1

A Late Hauterivian interval (127.5 Ma), called the ȁ8;Faraoni Event’, which is characterised by the deposition of deep-marine black shales in the Mediterranean Tethys, is demonstrably of sufficient geological brevity to be qualified as an anoxic event. This event lies within the Pseudothurmannia catulloi ammonite subzone, coincides with the extinction of the calcareous nannofossil species Lithraphidites bollii, and records an increase in a globular planktonic foraminifer. High quantities of marine organic matter were preserved in pelagic successions from northern and central Italy, Switzerland, southeastern France, southern Spain and probably elsewhere in the Mediterranean Tethys and Atlantic Ocean. Carbon-isotope stratigraphy from Tethyan and Atlantic sections shows a minor positive excursion in the uppermost part of the Hauterivian and Lowermost Barremian, suggesting accelerated extraction of organic carbon from the ocean reservoir just after the ȁ8;Faraoni Event’. The duration of this short event is less than 100 ka according to cyclostratigraphy and coincides with a third-order sea-level rise. It is likely that similar forcing mechanisms responsible for global OAEs operated during this short time interval. To cite this article: F. Baudin, C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).  相似文献