一种基于特征-语义的时空数据组织方法     

梁桂明  朱文德 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(3)

在全面研究时空数据模型理论及构建方法的基础上,本文采用面向特征的数据模型构建方法结合时空语义思想,并引入无缝时空理念,探讨了一种基于特征的无缝时空数据模型构建方法。该模型将地理时空过程特征抽象为特征对象、特征事件、特征过程,不仅能够实现地理实体的空间数据组织及复杂拓扑分析,而且,通过描述特征事件、特征过程及其相互关系实现时空语义表达,进而实现海量信息存储以及高层次时空分析,也为通用性时空数据模型的构建提供了一种新思路。  相似文献   

基于GlobeLand 30的水田提取方法研究     

杨振州  陈利军  韩佳鹏 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(8):52-56

Globe Land 30是全球首套30 m分辨率地表覆盖数据产品,分为10种类型,包括耕地、森林、草地、灌木地等,分类精度经过多方验证达83.51%,Kappa系数0.78,耕地的分类精度达83.06%。由于Globe Land 30耕地图层没有更加详细的耕地亚类信息,限制了其广泛应用。本文试图基于Globe Land 30耕地数据探索一种快速提取水田信息的方法,进而为获取全球范围的水田分布信息提供技术支持。该方法基于TM影像的归一化植被指数NDVI、地表水分指数LSWI、近红外波段的反射率ρnir和短波红外波段的反射率ρwir,通过Google Earth选取的水田样本,统计水田的光谱特征和空间特征,建立水田提取的知识规则,然后结合多尺度的分割对象图斑自动化识别水田信息。文中选取了江苏省高邮市实验区进行水田提取试验,结果表明:采用该方法分类精度比基于像素的决策树方法提升大约6%,并能有效地消除椒盐误差,图斑完整性较好。  相似文献   

苏锡常地区热岛观测与数值模拟研究     

赵亚芳  张宁  陈燕  朱莲芳  朱焱 《气象科学》2016,36(1):80-87

结合气象观测、遥感和模式模拟的方法研究了环太湖城市的热岛现象,分析了苏锡常地区2010年5月24日的热岛特征。气象站资料显示苏锡常地区近地面热岛强度具有明显的日变化,12 h前热岛强度在0.5~1℃之间,夜间可达2℃以上。LANDSAT和MODIS卫星观测反演的地表热岛强度约5~7℃。随着太阳辐射的增加热岛加强,其分布及强度与城市下垫面结构和城市发展水平密切相关,苏州的热岛强度最高,无锡次之。WRF模式模拟结果表明城市感热通量大、潜热通量小,高波恩比促进了热岛的发展,进而抬升边界层高度。城市动力、热力特性的改变破坏了自然的能量平衡,会对边界层内气象要素和湍流通量的垂直分布造成影响。  相似文献   

山地研究的一个新方向──山地环境学   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

钟祥浩 《山地学报》1998,(2)

近来许多国际组织和国家都十分重视山区发展及其环境问题的研究.山地有它不同于平原地区的特殊环境特征,据此提出建立山地环境学的建议,并就这门学科研究对象及其主要研究内容提出看法.  相似文献   

A hybrid calculation technique of the Indirect Boundary Element Method and the analytical solutions for three-dimensional problems of topography     

ToshiakiYokoi  FranciscoJ.Sénchez-Sesma 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,133(1):121-139

We present a new approach of the Indirect Boundary Element Method (IBEM) for 3-D topographic problems which can be used to deal with an infinitely spread free surface owing to the introduction of a reference solution, that is the analytical solution for the half-space with a flat free surface. This approach is an efficient countermeasure for the non-physical waves owing to the domain truncation which contaminates the computed results in the ordinary approach. Theoretical consideration shows that this newly proposed approach is a higher-grade approximation than some existing ones and achieves a higher efficacy and accuracy than those of existing ones. The discretization of the resulting boundary integral equation for this formulation is carried out with triangular elements. Their contributions to the solution are calculated by Gaussian numerical integration except in the case where the wavefield is evaluated on the source element itself. For this case, we present an analytical formula based on the reasonable assumption that the elements are much smaller than the wavelengths appearing in the calculation. Several numerical examples used for validation show acceptably precise results.  相似文献   

再论石炭-二叠系界线及古地磁学的证据   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

陈庚保  董致中 《地层学杂志》1996,20(1):51-57

滇东南八宝附近的安乐剖面,是石炭-二叠系界线地层的典型剖面,沉积连续、单相、富含牙形刺、类、四射珊瑚和腕足类化石,以牙形刺Streptognathodus elongatus带之底作为二叠系的开始,Pseudoschwagerina uddeni带稍高于这一界线。我们建议石炭-二叠系界线必须建立在沉积连续、单相,化石类型多样、丰富的剖面上,为了尽可能接近假希瓦格亚科分子的始现界线,以牙形刺Streptognathldus elegantulus到St.elongatus演化系列中St.elongarus始现作为界线,这一界线大致相当于前苏联阿舍林阶的底界。古地磁学研究表明,该剖面的第3层底部,在长期的基亚曼极性段中存在着一个短暂的正极性亚带,它具有广泛的代表性,而且它与Streptognathodus elongatus的始现相一致,强烈支持上述生物界线作为石炭-二叠系界线。  相似文献   

地壳应力状态及其在三维模拟计算中的意义   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

尹京苑 《地震》1998,18(3):226-232

总结了三维数值模拟计算中在边界条件选择上存在的若干问题。提出了以地壳上层地应力实测资料为基础,以地区性的震源机制及壳内剪切强度规律为约束,逐步调整的方法,得到板赊壳中３个主应力３个最大剪应力随深度的变化曲线。  相似文献   

The nullfield method for the ellipsoidal Stokes problem     

S. Ritter 《Journal of Geodesy》1998,72(2):101-106

The ellipsoidal Stokes problem is one of the basic boundary-value problems for the Laplace equation which arises in physical geodesy. Up to now, geodecists have treated this and related problems with high-order series expansions of spherical and spheroidal (ellipsoidal) harmonics. In view of increasing computational power and modern numerical techniques, boundary element methods have become more and more popular in the last decade. This article demonstrates and investigates the nullfield method for a class of Robin boundary-value problems. The ellipsoidal Stokes problem belongs to this class. An integral equation formulation is achieved, and existence and uniqueness conditions are attained in view of the Fredholm alternative. Explicit expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for the boundary integral operator are provided. Received: 22 October 1996 / Accepted: 4 August 1997  相似文献   

均质椭球体的引力位以及调和延拓在边值问题中的应用     

于锦海 《测绘学院学报》1998,(2)

本文作者首次推导均质椭球体的内部和外部引力位的数学表达式 ,由此应用调和延拓的思想引入外大地水准面和外部位函数的概念 ;建立了关于外扰动位的边值问题 ,该问题的界面规则而且具有 O( T2 )的精度 ;作为一个整体 ,讨论了外正高的计算和将地面点的重力测量值在 O( T2 )精度下归算到外大地水准面的方法  相似文献   

DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF MAP DIGITIZATION SYSTEM ON MICRO-COMPUTER BASED MAP GRAPHIC WORKSTATION     

DU Qingyun WU HehaiDU Qingyu  Associate Professor  School of Land Science  WTUSM  Wuhan  China   《地球空间信息科学学报》1998,(1)

The main purpose to develop a Map Graphic Workstation on thewidely used micro-computer is that by it the whole processing of map data fromcapturing,managing,editing,updating to graphic outputting can be realized.Map Digitization System（MDS）is the software system to deal with the initial andalso the most important processing.In this paper,the authors introduce a MDSon a micro-computer based Map Grphic Workstation that has been qualitified forthe producation of digital map.Since the system is designed totally independentlyand in the general frame of the Map Graphic Workstation,the capturing and man-aging and other processings for map data are in an integral manner,in which theproducation of digital map can be fulfilled conveniently.At the same time,thesystem is flexible for function extension and widely applicable to the data from dif-ferent sources and with different information characterisitcs(e.g.,the processingof Chinese characters on map).  相似文献