Geology and petrology of the Hormuz dolomite, Infra-Cambrian: Implications for the formation of the salt-cored Halul and Shraouh islands, Offshore, State of Qatar     

Sobhi Nasir  Hamad Al-Saad  Abudlrazak Alsayigh  Oliver Weidlich 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2008,33(5-6):353-365

Geological investigations of the Halul and the Shraouh islands, offshore Qatar, indicate that most of their calcareous rocks, which display abundant stromatolitic bedding, belong to the Infra-Cambrian Hormuz Series. Mineralogical, petrological, and geochemical analyses show that these calcareous rocks consist dominantly of dolomite and have formed in a reducing depositional environment. Faint laminations and small streaks of organic matter furnish evidence for the involvement of algal mats in their genesis and indicate their formation in an intertidal to supratidal setting. The Halul and Shraouh dolomites experienced extensive recrystallization and sulfatization during the emplacement of the Halul and Shraouh salt domes that form the cores of the islands. During mobilization and ascent of the salt, the dolomite recrystallized, and its Sr initial ratios were abnormally enhanced by the incorporation of ⁸⁷Sr from a source, which is more radiogenic than the attendant seawater at the time of the dolomite formation near the Proterozoic–Cambrian boundary. Geochemical analysis show that Si, Al, Ti Zr, and % of insoluble residue are highly correlative, suggesting the presence of detrital minerals such as rutile and zircon. A paleosabkha model may well agree with this chemical signature. However, the Infra-Cambrian age of the Hormuz rocks and the presence of stromatolitic layers containing organic materials in the studied rocks, suggest that organogenic dolomitization could be an alternative dolomitization model.  相似文献   

Petrological and geochemical constraints on diagenesis and deep burial dissolution of the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tazhong area,Tarim Basin,NW China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2016

Deeply buried (4500–7000 m) Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tazhong area, Tarim Basin, NW China show obvious heterogeneity with porosity from null in limestones and sweet dolostones to 27.8% in sour dolostones, from which economically important oils, sour gas and condensates are currently being produced. Petrographic features, C, O, Sr isotopes were determined, and fluid inclusions were analyzed on diagenetic calcite, dolomite and barite from Ordovician reservoirs to understand controls on the porosity distribution. Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tazhong area are controlled mainly by initial sedimentary environments and eo-genetic and near-surface diagenetic processes. However, vugs and pores generated from eogenetic and telogenetic meteoric dissolution were observed to have partially been destroyed due to subsequent compaction, filling and cementation. In some locations or wells (especially ZG5-ZG7 Oilfield nearby ZG5 Fault), burial diagenesis (e.g. thermochemical sulfate reduction, TSR) probably played an important role in quality improvement towards high-quality reservoirs. C2 calcite and dolomite cements and barite have fluid inclusions homogenization temperatures (Ths) from 86 to 113 °C, from 96 to 128 °C and from 128 to 151 °C, respectively. We observed petrographically corroded edges of these high-temperature minerals with oil inclusions, indicating the dissolution must have occurred under deep-burial conditions. The occurrence of TSR within Ordovician carbonate reservoirs is supported by C3 calcite replacement of barite, and the association of sulfur species including pyrite, anhydrite or barite and elemental sulfur with hydrocarbon and ¹²C-rich (as low as −7.2‰ V-PDB) C3 calcite with elevated Ths (135–153 °C). The TSR may have induced burial dissolution of dolomite and thus probably improved porosity of the sour dolostones reservoirs at least in some locations. In contrast, no significant burial dissolution occurred in limestone reservoirs and non-TSR dolostone reservoirs. The deeply buried sour dolostone reservoirs may therefore be potential exploration targets in Tarim Basin or elsewhere in the world.  相似文献   

Dolomite microstructures between 390° and 700 °C: Indications for deformation mechanisms and grain size evolution     

《Journal of Structural Geology》2016

Dolomitic marble on the island of Naxos was deformed at variable temperatures ranging from 390 °C to >700 °C. Microstructural investigations indicate two end-member of deformation mechanisms: (1) Diffusion creep processes associated with small grain sizes and weak or no CPO (crystallographic preferred orientation), whereas (2) dislocation creep processes are related with larger grain sizes and strong CPO. The change between these mechanisms depends on grain size and temperature. Therefore, sample with dislocation and diffusion creep microstructures and CPO occur at intermediate temperatures in relative pure dolomite samples. The measured dolomite grain size ranges from 3 to 940 μm. Grain sizes at T_max >450 °C show an Arrhenius type evolution reflecting the stabilized grain size in deformed and relative pure dolomite. The stabilized grain size is five times smaller than that of calcite at the same temperature and shows the same Arrhenius-type evolution. In addition, the effect of second phase particle influences the grain size evolution, comparable with calcite. Calcite/dolomite mixtures are also characterized by the same difference in grain size, but recrystallization mechanism including chemical recrystallization induced by deformation may contribute to apparent non-temperature equilibrated Mg-content in calcite.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地古城地区奥陶系鹰山组白云岩特征及孔隙成因     

王珊  曹颖辉  杜德道  张亚金  刘策 《岩石学报》2020,36(11):3477-3492

奥陶系鹰山组白云岩是塔里木盆地的重点勘探领域,优质白云岩储层是制约其勘探的关键难题。本文在前人研究基础之上,结合多口井岩心薄片观察、同位素、微量元素等地球化学分析,对古城地区奥陶系鹰山组白云岩成因、孔隙成因以及储层主控因素进行了深入研究,认为古城地区鹰山组发育粉晶、粉细晶、细晶、细中晶、中晶、粗晶6种白云岩。粉晶和粉细晶白云岩碳、锶同位素分布范围均与同时期灰岩一致;氧同位素值与同时期白云石一致或偏正;锶元素含量相对较高;稀土元素与同时期灰岩分配模式相同。以上特征表明该类白云岩形成于蒸发海水环境,为准同生海源成因。细晶、细中晶、中晶及粗晶白云岩碳同位素值与同期灰岩总体一致;氧同位素值与正常海相白云石一致或偏负;锶同位素值与灰岩背景值一致或偏高;锶元素含量相对较低;大部分样品Eu正异常。以上特征揭示该类白云岩主要为中浅埋藏成因,并且叠加了早期淡水溶蚀及晚期埋藏-热液改造。孔隙成因分析表明高能缓坡滩是孔隙形成的物质基础、准同生暴露溶蚀是孔隙形成的关键、早期白云石化有利于孔隙的继承和保存,构造破裂和埋藏-热液溶蚀对孔隙起到有利的改造作用。白云岩规模优质储层受控于云化滩和断裂热液溶蚀改造,二者叠合之处为规模优质储层发育区。这一认识为研究区下一步勘探部署提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

Formation,diagenesis and palaeoenvironmental significance of upper Ediacaran fibrous dolomite cements     

Yongjie Hu  Chunfang Cai  Dawei Liu  Chelsea L. Pederson  Lei Jiang  Anjiang Shen  Adrian Immenhauser 《Sedimentology》2020,67(2):1161-1187

Neoproterozoic marine dolomite cements represent reliable, albeit complex, archives of their palaeoenvironment. Petrological and high-resolution geochemical data from well-preserved fibrous dolomite and pyrite in the upper Ediacaran (ca 551·1 to 548·0 Ma) Dengying Formation in south-west China are presented and discussed here. The aim of this research is to reconstruct the redox state of late Ediacaran shallow seawater and porewater in the Sichuan Basin using early marine diagenetic fabrics. Based on crystalline texture and axis, four basic types of fibrous dolomite cements formed penecontemporaneously in a microbialite reef setting at the platform margin: (i) bladed dolomites (replacement from a high-Mg calcite precursor); (ii) fascicular fast dolomites (replacement from an aragonitic precursor); (iii) fascicular slow dolomites; and (iv) radial slow dolomites. The latter two fabrics are considered direct marine porewater precipitates due to their length-slow character, cathodoluminescent zonation, and enriched copper and cobalt concentrations. Marine cements yield rare earth element and yttrium patterns comparable to modern seawater and represent a refined set of archive data relative to previously published bulk dolostones. Redox-sensitive elements and cathodoluminescence indicate that the fascicular fast dolomites formed in suboxic seawater, while fascicular slow and radial slow dolomites formed in euxinic marine porewaters. Microbial sulphate reduction during the formation of fascicular slow and radial slow dolomites is recognized by nanometre-scale spheroidal ankerite and sulphur-containing dolomite, and intergrown pyrite grains with U-shaped δ³⁴S transects. Data shown here suggest predominantly suboxic shallow late Ediacaran seawater and euxinic marine porewaters, with microbial activity promoting the direct precipitation of dolomite.  相似文献   

任丘油田雾迷山组白云岩储集层的渗透性试验研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

韩宝平 《地质科学》2000,35(4):396-403

运用815.02型电液伺服岩石力学试验系统对任丘油田雾迷山组18块白云岩岩芯的渗透性进行了测试.结果表明,溶蚀孔洞型中-亮晶藻屑白云岩和角砾岩,初始和峰值渗透率均较高(分别为143.10×10^-7-206.00×10^-7Darcy和386.80×10^-7-790.00×10^-7Darcy),而且破坏强度较低(35.8MPa-55.3MPa);裂隙型白云岩初始渗透率为1.48×10^-7-23.40×10^-7Darcy,峰值渗透率32.13×10^-7-202.10×10^-7Darcy;泥质白云岩和硅质白云岩,岩性致密,初始渗透率几乎为零,峰值渗透率66.00×10^-7-152.20×10^-7Darcy,而且其破坏强度最高可达107.50MPa.同时运用Amray 1000B型电子扫描显微镜和9310型微孔结构分析仪研究了空隙发育对渗透性的影响.  相似文献   

川东北飞仙关组白云岩的主要类型、地球化学特征和白云化机制   总被引：17，自引：9，他引：8  

黄思静  佟宏鹏  刘丽红  胡作维  张雪花  郇金来  黄可可 《岩石学报》2009,25(10):2363-2372

四川盆地东北部蕴藏有丰富的烃类资源,三叠系飞仙关组的白云岩是最主要的储层和产层,这使得飞仙关组白云岩成为人们近年来高度关注的对象.按照结构,我们可以将飞仙关组白云岩分为三种端元类型:微晶白云岩、具原始结构的粒屑白云岩和结晶白云岩,在一个向上变浅的剖面旋回中,这三种白云岩分别位于旋回的顶部、上部和中下部.微晶白云岩和具原始结构的粒屑白云岩具有较高的锰含量和较低的包裹体均一化温度,白云化流体的δ~(18O) 值(从白云石的包裹体均一化温度和δ~(18O) 值反演,以下同)介于大气水和海水之间,反映这类白云岩形成于有大气水参与的相对开放的沉积-成岩环境中,蒸发泵作用(对于微晶白云岩)和混合水作用(对于具原始结构的粒屑白云岩)可能是其主要的形成机制;结晶白云岩(表现为好储层)具有很低的锰含量和较高的包裹体均一化温度,白云化流体的δ~(18O) 值显著高于早三叠世海水,表明这类白云岩形成于相对封闭的埋藏成岩环境,白云化流体具较高的温度和盐度,但到目前为止,还没有一个已有模式可以较好地解释这类白云岩的成因.  相似文献   

Thermochemical sulphate reduction in the Upper Devonian Cairn Formation of the Fairholme carbonate complex (South-West Alberta, Canadian Rockies): evidence from fluid inclusions and isotopic data     

VEERLE VANDEGINSTE  RUDY SWENNEN  SARAH A. GLEESON†  ROB M. ELLAM‡  KIRK OSADETZ§  FRANÇOIS ROURE¶ 《Sedimentology》2009,56(2):439-460

The Fairholme carbonate complex is part of the extensively dolomitized Upper Devonian carbonate reefs in west-central Alberta. The studied formations contain moulds (up to 10 cm in diameter), which are filled partially with (saddle) dolomite, quartz and calcite cements. These cements precipitated from a mixture of brines that acquired high salinity by dissolution of halite and brines derived from evaporated sea water. The fluids were warm (homogenization temperature of primary fluid inclusions of 76 to 200 °C) and saline (20 to 25 wt% NaCl equivalent) and testify to thermochemical sulphate reduction processes. The latter is deduced from S in solid inclusions, CO₂ and H₂S in volatile-rich aqueous inclusions and depleted δ¹³C values down to −26‰ Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite. High ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values (0·7094 to 0·7110) of the cements also indicate interaction of the fluids with siliciclastic sequences. The thermochemical sulphate reduction-related cements probably formed during early Laramide burial. Another (younger) calcite phase, characterized by depleted δ¹⁸O values (−23·9‰ to −13·9‰ Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite), low Na (27 to 37 p.p.m.) and Sr (39 to 150 p.p.m.) concentrations and non-saline (∼0 wt% NaCl equivalent) fluid inclusions, is attributed to post-Laramide meteoric water.  相似文献   

贵州云台山岩石特征及其峰丛—峰林地貌成景意义          下载免费PDF全文

龙建喜  谯文浪  王波  刘贞才 《贵州地质》2014,31(4):297-301

云台山峰丛—峰林的成景岩石主要为白云岩和（含）灰质白云岩,灰岩仅在峰丛—峰林基坐部分见及。成景岩石结构主要为颗粒结构和晶粒结构,且颗粒结构（颗粒和填隙物）、晶粒结构（晶粒白云石和少量泥质、少量陆源碎屑）在空间上各自顺层偏集呈层分布。此外,白云岩孔隙发育,孔隙类型有孔洞和裂隙两种,区内构造运动改造了原来的孔隙,加宽、加深其横纵向展布,增强孔隙的连通性,使原来较细级孔隙相互贯通成较大一级孔隙网,在水的溶蚀及机械崩塌等地质作用下成景。  相似文献   

Multiple-scale facies and reservoir quality variations within a dolomite body – Outcrop analog study from the Middle Triassic,SW German Basin     

Bastian Simon Koehrer  Christian Heymann  Frank Prousa  Thomas Aigner 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010

This study focuses on a porous dolomite body in the proximal part of an epeiric carbonate ramp (Triassic Muschelkalk, South German Basin), analogous to hydrocarbon-bearing dolomite reservoirs in the Middle East (e.g. Khuff and Arab Formations).  相似文献