Alteration of physico-chemical and microbial properties in freshwater substrates by burrowing invertebrates     

《Limnologica》2016

The hyporheic interstitial provides habitat for many different organisms – from bacteria to burrowing invertebrates. Due to their burrowing and sediment reworking behaviour, these ecosystem engineers have the potential to affect hyporheic processes such as respiration and nutrient cycling. However, there is a lack of studies that characterize the interactions between bioturbators, physico-chemical habitat properties and microbial communities in freshwater substrates. In a standardized laboratory experiment, we investigated the effects of three functionally different bioturbators, duck mussels (Anodonta anatina, Linnaeus 1758), mayfly nymphs (Ephemera danica, Müller 1764) and tubificid worms (Tubifex tubifex, Müller 1774), on the physico-chemical conditions and bacterial communities in hyporheic substrates. We hypothesized that different invertebrates distinctly alter habitat conditions and thus microbial community composition, depending on the depth and the manner of burrowing. A. anatina and E. danica caused an increase in interstitial oxygen concentration, whereas strong declines in oxygen concentration and redox potential were detected in the T. tubifex treatment. These effects on physico-chemical habitat properties were even detectable in open water. Mussels and tubificid worms also significantly influenced the composition of bacterial communities in the hyporheic zone. A loss or replacement of bioturbators in stream ecosystems due to anthropogenic habitat alterations is expected to result in shifts in microbial community compositions, with effects on nutrient fluxes, pollutant degradation and benthic food webs. An understanding of the effects of functionally different native and invasive bioturbators is crucial to predict changes in stream ecosystem functioning.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling of the Patos Lagoon coastal plume,Brazil     

W.C. Marques  E.H. Fernandes  I.O. Monteiro  O.O. Möller 《Continental Shelf Research》2009

The Southern Brazilian Shelf (SBS) is a freshwater-influenced region, but studies on the dynamics of coastal plumes are sparse and lack in space-time resolution. Studies on the dynamics of the Patos Lagoon plume are even more limited. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of the principal physical forcing for the formation and behavior of the Patos Lagoon coastal plume. The study is carried out through 3D numerical modeling experiments and empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. Results showed that the amount of freshwater is the principal physical forcing controlling the plume formation. The Coriolis effect enhances the northward transport over the shelf, while the tidal effects contribute to intensify horizontal and vertical mixing, which are responsible for spreading the freshwater over the shelf. The wind effect, on the other hand, is the main mechanism controlling the behavior of the Patos Lagoon coastal plume over the inner SBS in synoptic time scales. Southeasterly and southwesterly winds contribute to the northeastward displacement of the plume, breaking the vertical stratification of the inner continental shelf. Northeasterly and northwesterly winds favor ebb conditions in the Patos Lagoon, contributing to the southwestward displacement of the plume enhancing the vertical stratification along and across-shore. The EOF analysis reveals two modes controlling the variability of the plume on the surface. The first mode (explaining 70% of the variability) is associated to the southwestward transportation of the plume due to the dominance of north quadrant winds, while the second mode (explaining 19% of the variability) is associated to the intermittent migration of the plume northeastward due to the passage of frontal systems over the area. Large scale plumes can be expected during winter and spring months, and are enhanced during El Niño events.  相似文献   

基于多维度指数的雅鲁藏布江鱼类多样性评价及群落构建过程分析     

巩政  刘艳超  冯慧喆  朱天顺 《湖泊科学》2024,36(1):213-222

雅鲁藏布江是我国西藏地区最大的河流,孕育着独特的水生生物资源。近年来随着人类活动的干扰与河流开发的推进,亟待对该流域水生生物多样性进行全面调查评估。本研究基于雅鲁藏布江全流域的鱼类资源调查数据,整合物种多样性、功能多样性和系统发育多样性3个维度12项指数,对该流域鱼类多样性进行评价分析。结果显示,24个调查样点中共采集到37种鱼类,隶属于3目7科24属;其中土著鱼类27种,外来鱼类10种;鲤形目鲤科鱼类为优势类群。基于Bray-Curtis相异度的层次聚类可将雅鲁藏布江鱼类群落划分为4组,表现为帕隆藏布汇口以上/以下江段及两个江段内干支流间存在较大差异,这与区域生物地理学过程及河流环境梯度密切相关。利用12项多样性指数对各组群的鱼类多样性进行评估,结果表明,除Simpson多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、平均配对种间系统发育距离指数和平均最近种间系统发育距离(MNTD)指数外,其他指数检测到组间的显著性差异。不同多样性指数之间的相关关系表现各异:与丰富度相关的多项指数间存在显著或极显著的正相关,功能离散度指数和MNTD指数与其他指数间多存在显著或极显著的负相关,表明不同类别的多样性指数各自具有独特的指示价值。基于群落功能性状结构和系统发育结构的检验结果显示,大多数样点驱动鱼类群落聚合的过程为种间竞争排斥,推测与雅鲁藏布江水体营养贫瘠、食物来源稀缺导致的种间营养竞争关系紧张有关。本文整合多维度多样性指数对雅鲁藏布江流域鱼类多样性及群落构建过程进行探究,以期为该流域鱼类资源保护和管理提供科学依据,也为应用多维度指数评价淡水鱼类多样性提供参考借鉴。  相似文献   

淡水沉积物环境质量基准差异分析   总被引：18，自引：3，他引：15  

陈云增  杨浩  张振克  秦明周 《湖泊科学》2005,17(3):193-201

对现有淡水沉积物环境质量基准进行了分类比较,通过对各种基准不同污染物的基准低值、基准高值以及灰色区域的对比分析,探讨现有基准间存在的差异以及造成差异的原因.结果表明,现有各基准低值和高值问分别存在2倍到15倍,4倍到29倍的较大差异,各基准均存在较大的灰色区域.造成差异的原因主要是影响污染物生物有效性因素的复杂性,以及基准建立方法的不确定性等.  相似文献   

北京两个水库的桃花水母及其发生条件初探     

王东霞  熊志明  侯新觉  郭伟  黄振芳  王忠锁 《湖泊科学》2023,35(6):2092-2100

为鉴定北京怀柔水库和黄松峪水库发生的桃花水母并检验其水环境质量相关性,对2022年9月9日和10日采自2个水库的桃花水母进行形态学和遗传结构分析,并结合常规水生态监测数据,初步探究桃花水母发生的水环境条件。结果显示,怀柔水库和黄松峪水库桃花水母形态结构较为相似,依据其伞径、触手数目、主辐触手长于其它触手、管状平衡囊数、刺丝囊疣圆锥状环状排列及囊状性腺等形态特征初步鉴定为索氏桃花水母和嘉定桃花水母。ITS序列分析结果显示怀柔水库样本与索氏桃花水母遗传相似性100%,黄松峪水库样本与嘉定桃花水母遗传相似性100%,佐证了形态学鉴定结果。2个水库桃花水母发生前后库区pH、溶解氧、总氮和总磷浓度以及生化需氧量等因子无明显差异,而水温和食源浮游动物生物量变动明显,水质处于中营养-轻度富营养状态。9月上旬,2个水库水温快速下降到25℃以下,而适口食源浮游动物生物量增长至1.2 mg/L以上。推断:1)桃花水母环境耐受力较强,偏爱食物丰富的中营养水体;2)水温骤变(骤升或骤降)和适口食物充裕可能是刺激桃花水母启动有性生殖的重要生态因子。据此分析了温变胁迫和营养限制对桃花水母发生的可能驱动效应,以期为...  相似文献   

The occurrence and distribution of freshwater snails in a heavily industrialised region of Poland (Upper Silesia)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Agnieszka Michalik-Kucharz   《Limnologica》2008,38(1):43-55

Anthropogenic water bodies namely fish ponds, clay pits, sand pits, dam reservoirs or mining subsidence pools are the characteristic feature of Upper Silesian landscape. In the study, the gastropod communities occurring in 296 anthropogenic water bodies were discussed in relation to their distribution in macroregions of Upper Silesia, role in industrialised and urbanised environment and the significance for regional biodiversity.In period 1998–2002, 31 freshwater gastropod species were found in the study area. It is noteworthy, that the anthropogenic water habitats of Upper Silesia provide a refuge for several rare and vulnerable species, among them e.g. Anisus leucostoma (Millet, 1813), Gyraulus rossmaessleri (V. Auerswald, 1852) and Hippeutis complanatus (Linnaeus, 1758).  相似文献   

全球水循环的海洋分量研究   总被引：22，自引：2，他引：20  

周天军  张学洪  王绍武 《气象学报》1999,57(3):264-282

利用ＮＣＥＰ／ＮＣＡＲ再分析月平均和逐日资料,采用“余差”方法,计算了１９８４～１９９４年全球海气淡水通量,分析了全球水汽输送的特点。主要结果有：（１）在全球水循环中,副热带大洋是重要的水汽辐散区,热带辐合带、南太平洋辐合带和南太平洋东南海域是集中的水汽辐合区,赤道东风带是夏季印度洋季风环流的主要水汽通道;（２）再现了全球海气淡水通量的分布,例如副热带“海洋沙漠”带、热带辐合带和南太平洋辐合带净降水区等;展示了细节特征,如黑潮区的净蒸发特点等;（３）发现了北大西洋中高纬度地区存在一东北—西南向的净蒸发带,而前人结果中则为净降水带;（４）分析了各大洋海气淡水通量的季节、年际变化特征,讨论了太平洋相对于大西洋作为水汽汇的特点;指出热带辐合带和南太平洋辐合带是海气淡水通量变率最大的海域  相似文献   

Numerical determination of residence time and age in a partially mixed estuary using three-dimensional hydrodynamic model     

Wen-Cheng Liu  Wei-Bo Chen  Jan-Tai Kuo  Chin Wu 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

This paper documents a numerical modeling study to calculate the residence time and age of dissolved substances in a partially mixed estuary. A three-dimensional, time-dependent hydrodynamic model was established and applied to the Danshuei River estuarine system and adjacent coastal sea in Taiwan. The model showed good agreement with observations of surface elevation, tidal currents and salinity made in 2002. The model was then applied to calculate the residence time and age distribution response to different freshwater discharges with and without density-induced circulations in the Danshuei River estuarine system. Regression analysis of model results reveals that an exponential equation can be used to correlate the residence time to change of freshwater input. The simulated results show it takes approximately 10, 4.5, and 3 days, respectively, for a water parcel that has entered the headwaters of the estuary to be transported out of the estuary under low, mean, and high flow conditions with density-induced circulation. The calculated age with density-induced circulation is less than that without density-induced circulation. The age of the surface layer is less than that at the bottom layer. Overall the study shows that freshwater discharges are the important factors in controlling the transport of dissolved substances in the Danshuei River estuarine system.  相似文献   

FT-IR study of the effect of lead and the influence of chelating agents, DMSA and D-Penicillamine, on the biochemical contents of brain tissues of Catla catla fingerlings     

PL. RM. Palaniappan  N. Krishnakumar  M. Vadivelu 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2008,70(3):314-322

  相似文献   

The diffusion coefficient of dissolved silica revisited   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Laura Rebreanu  Jean-Pierre Vanderborght  Lei Chou   《Marine Chemistry》2008,112(3-4):230-233

The diffusion coefficient of dissolved silica was determined for two different salinities, 36 and 0, at temperatures ranging from 2 °C to 30 °C and at an average pH value of 8.1. Our results show limited influence of salinity and a variation by a factor of 2 to 3 of the silica diffusion coefficient within the temperature range considered in this study. The values obtained at 25 °C are in agreement with previous work carried out at room temperature for seawater and freshwater. The dependency on temperature and viscosity of the diffusion coefficient agrees well with the Einstein–Stokes equation. The composition of the solvent appears to be an important factor because it modifies the viscosity and allows for the complexation of the dissolved silica with less mobile ions, while its pH controls the dissolved silica speciation. In seawater, the higher viscosity and the presence of dissociated and polymeric species result in a decrease of the diffusion coefficient compared to freshwater systems.  相似文献