中国湿地变化的驱动力分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宫宁  牛振国  齐伟  张海英 《遥感学报》2016,20(2):172-183

在全球气候变化及中国社会经济迅速发展的背景下,为了解中国湿地分布的时空动态特征及演化规律,以4期(1978年、1990年、2000年、2008年)中国湿地遥感制图数据和3期(1990年、2000年、2005年)土地利用数据为基础,同时考虑到对湿地变化的影响程度和数据的可获取性,选取12个影响因子(平均温度、平均湿度、累计降水量、人口数量、地区生产总值、农林牧渔产值、耕地面积、粮食产量、有效灌溉面积、水库库容量、除涝面积、治碱面积)研究1978年—2008年这30年间中国湿地变化的驱动机制。考虑到地理现象的空间非平稳性,本文采用地理加权回归的方法分析驱动因子对湿地变化的影响作用。地理加权回归作为一种局部线性回归方法,能够直观地反映湿地驱动因子对湿地作用的地域差异。结果表明:不同类型的湿地变化的主要影响因素不同,内陆湿地与温度、降水以及农业耕作灌溉等密切相关;人工湿地与经济发展水平和水利设施兴建密切相关;滨海湿地与农林牧渔产业和人口等密切相关。同一类型湿地变化的主要影响因素随着时间推移也有所变化,并且影响程度在地域上也存在较为明显的南北和东西差异。本次研究结果基本反映了1978年—2008年中国湿地变化的特征规律。  相似文献   

甘肃张掖黑河流域中游湿地退化原因及治理对策     

王波  邓茂林  王刚  付宗斌 《湿地科学与管理》2015,(1):36-38

概述了甘肃张掖黑河流域中游湿地的特点及特殊生态地位,从自然和人为因素两个方面系统阐述了张掖黑河湿地的退化原因。从创新保护形势、科学修复、理顺管理体制、加快发展相关产业、促进湿地保护等方面提出了张掖黑河湿地保护管理对策及措施。  相似文献   

Evaluating sustainability of community endeavours in an Indian floodplain wetland using multi‐criteria decision analysis          下载免费PDF全文

Debajit Datta  Proshanta Kumar Ghosh 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2015,36(1):38-56

The floodplain wetlands of Ganga‐Ichamati interfluves in India have become severely degraded due to incessant, unsustainable utilization practices and lack of community awareness. In spite of the wetlands being the prime source of livelihood for millions, no comprehensive management strategy to accommodate the diverse aspirations and priorities of different users has been implemented for the wetlands to date. In this paper, the authors applied a framework of criteria and indicators to evaluate the status of sustainability achieved by community endeavours in one such wetland. The priorities, consumption patterns and contributions towards wetland conservation of major user groups functioning in that area were assessed by the framework developed through participatory multi‐criteria decision analysis. Results show the deteriorating status of the wetland at present regarding biodiversity conservation and livelihood generation. Fishing activities were identified as the dominant utilization option here followed by agriculture. The paper further explored the preferred alternative utilization strategies for achieving sustainability. Effectiveness of the developed framework in evaluating the extent of sustainability achieved in community endeavours was also highlighted in this context.  相似文献   

广东省自然资源调查监测分类标准体系研究     

杨娜娜  张新长  朱紫阳  淳锦  金诗程 《测绘通报》2021,(9):145-150

自然资源分类是自然资源管理和国土空间规划的基础,是开展调查监测工作的前提,应遵循山水林田湖草是一个生命共同体的理念。本文首先综合分析了现有自然资源分类标准的现状和面临的问题,然后结合广东省特色,对其自然资源调查监测分类标准的总体思路、分类原则、体制机制及具体分类建议等进行了深入探讨,着力解决现有自然资源分类中存在的概念不一、内容有交叉、指标相矛盾等问题,以期为正在开展的广东省自然资源调查监测试点工作提供思路,同时为国家自然资源分类标准的制定提供一定启发。  相似文献   

Groundwater flushing of solutes at wetland and hillslope positions during storm events in a small glaciated catchment in western New York,USA     

Shreeram Inamdar  Julia Rupp  Myron Mitchell 《水文研究》2009,23(13):1912-1926

While the role of groundwater in flushing of solutes has long been recognized, few studies have explicitly studied the within‐event changes in groundwater chemistry. We compared the changes in groundwater chemistry during storm events for a wetland and hillslope position in a small (1·5 ha) glaciated, forested catchment in western New York. Flushing responses for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON), nitrate (NO₃) and sulfate (SO₄) in wetland and hillslope groundwaters were also compared against the corresponding responses in stream water. Eight storm events with varying intensity, amount, and antecedent moisture conditions were evaluated. Solute flushing patterns for wetland and hillslope groundwaters differed dramatically. While DOC concentrations in wetland groundwater followed a dilution trend, corresponding values for hillslope groundwater showed a slight increase. Concentrations for NO₃ in wetland groundwater were below detection limits, but hillslope groundwaters displayed high NO₃ concentrations with a pronounced increase during storm events. Flushing responses at all positions were also influenced by the size of the event and the time between events. We attributed the differences in flushing to the differences in hydrologic flow paths and biogeochemical conditions. Flushing of the wetland did appear to influence storm‐event stream chemistry but the same could not be said for hillslope groundwaters. This suggests that while a variety of flushing responses may be observed in a catchment, only a subset of these responses affect the discharge chemistry at the catchment outlet. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

福建洛阳江河口湿地沉积物粒度特征及其沉积环境意义   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

黄财宾  陈建宁  王爱军 《台湾海峡》2009,28(3):410-416

沉积物粒度是反映湿地沉积环境的重要指标之一．利用Mastersizer2000型激光粒度仪对取自福建洛阳江河口不同类型湿地的6根短柱状沉积物样品进行了粒度分析．结果显示,该地区沉积物基本为粘土质粉砂,红树林湿地内的沉积物最细,分选程度最好;互花米草湿地圈闭了大量水流带来的粗、细颗粒物质,导致平均粒径相对较大,分选相对较差．粒度参数的相关分析结果显示,平均粒径与分选系数的显著正线性相关,揭示了该地区水动力作用弱、物质来源单一的沉积环境,显著增加了河口湿地沉积速率．  相似文献   

Groundwater response to the tide in wetlands: Observations from the Gillman Marshes,South Australia     

John A.T. Bye  Kumar A. Narayan 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

We present results from a series of piezometers installed in the foreshore flat and mangrove environments of the Gillman Marshes, South Australia in an interdisciplinary study of the propagation of the ocean tide into the coastal aquifers. A unique feature of the analysis is that all water level records were harmonically analysed so that the behaviour of the four major tidal constituents could be independently examined. The main findings were that: (1) the decay of the groundwater tide in the coastal aquifers was greater than that predicted by the Ferris solution. A theoretical model has been developed and applied to the study site. The model suggests that this behaviour is due to the occurrence of a time delay in the Darcian response in the shelly and muddy sand substrate; (2) when the tide is incident over a gently sloping bank, the time delay in response gives rise to a spiked signal in which high water is confined to a small fraction of the tidal cycle; and (3) at the coastal interface tidal propagation across a sloping bank causes a rise in the water table relative to mean sea level which is proportional to the variance of tidal elevation and inversely proportional to the decay constant of the groundwater tide. The model developed in this study is also applicable to other coastal groundwater systems with tidal influence.  相似文献   

Tiller dynamic and production on a SW Atlantic Spartina alterniflora marsh     

G. González Trilla  P. Kandus  V. Negrin  R. Vicari  J. Marcovecchio 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

We used non-destructive methods to study the bi-monthly changes in standing stock, turnover, and net aerial primary productivity (NAPP) of Spartina alterniflora in the Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina, from 2005 to 2007. Tillers were tagged and counted bimonthly and a weight:height relationship developed for the live and dead stems in a regularly flooded zone (low marsh, LM) and an irregularly flooded one (high marsh, HM). The annual tiller natality in year one compared to year two decreased from 440 ± 68 to 220 ± 58 new individuals m^–2 yr^–1 in the HM and from 500 ± 103 to 280 ± 97 new individuals m⁻² yr⁻¹ in the LM (μ ± 1 SE). Tiller mortality averaged 670 ± 70 individuals m⁻² yr⁻¹.  相似文献   

A study on wetland classification model of remote sensing in the Sangjiang plain   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Shu qing  ZHANG Shi kui  ZHANG Jun yan 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2000,10(1):68-73

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Assessment on the commonweal values of wetlands   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

CUI Li-juan  PAN Li-li  Zhang Yan-bo 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2000,10(4):371-376

1THECOMPOSITIONOFWETLANDS'COMMONWEALVALUESThematterflow,energyflowandinformationflowgeneratedfromnaturalcapitalofwetlandsformecosystemcommonwealvalues.Theflowsaswellasartificialcapitalandlaborcapitalcommonlygeneratehumanitywelfare(COSTANZAetal.,1997).Generallyspeaking,thevaluesofwetlandsmaybedividedintothreetypes:directproductionvalues,valuesbroughtwithbiologicalfunctionsofwetlandsecosystem,andattributivevaluesaspartofsocialmakeup(BARBIER,1997).Thesevaluescannotallbeembod…  相似文献