岫岩玉的穆斯堡尔谱学研究     

邱兆明  黄俊杰 《矿物岩石》1992,12(3):27-33

岫岩玉是我国的主要玉种之一,属于蛇纹石玉。在X射线衍射、红外光谱、可见光吸收谱,及电子显微镜等项研究确切查明主体矿物为叶蛇纹石的基础上,选两个优质玉样进行~(57)Fe穆斯堡尔谱学研究。岫岩玉的穆斯堡尔谱由两组四级双峰构成,第一组双峰(δ=1.12,△=2.73与2.72mm/s)系由镁氧八面体中的Fe~(2+)形成,另组双峰(δ=0.35与0.36,△=0.63与0.55mm/s)反映的是镁氧八面体中的Fe~(3+),Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+)分别为0.90与0.78。铁是参与叶蛇纹石晶格的组分;Fe~(3+)与Fe~(2+)均处镁氧八面体中;Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+)近于与小于1是制约它呈绿色的主要因素。  相似文献   

Measurements of chemically and biologically effective radiation reaching the ground     

U. Feister 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1994,19(3):289-315

Solar ultraviolet radiation at the surface has been measured at Potsdam on cloudless days by spectrometer OL 752/10. The measurements are compared with broad-band filter measurements and with model calculations using a modified version of Green's model, which is independent of the measurements. Input data to the model such as atmospheric ozone and aerosol optical thicknesses were measured by a Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometer as well as a Linke Feussner pyrheliometer, respectively. Differences between the model and the measurements are discussed in terms of uncertainties in the calibration and errors of instruments as well as uncertainties in the model calculations including the errors of input data. It is demonstrated that different chemically and biologically effective radiances can be determined from only one set of measured spectral irradiance components, i.e. global radiation and diffuse downward and upward directed radiation. Examples of diurnal variations of the photochemical production of ozone and hydroxyl radicals as determined from spectral irradiance measurements and measured concentrations of relevant trace gases are given.It is shown from the measured irradiance that relations between different effects of radiation to the biosphere depend on solar zenith angle, and to a certain extent also on atmospheric ozone. This has to be taken into account when adverse effects of changing UV radiation are evaluated. Radiation Amplification Factors derived from measurements correspond to those determined from model calculations.  相似文献   

干旱地区大气与地表特征对辐射加热场的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨文  季国良 《高原气象》1994,13(3):266-273

本文利用美国犹他大学气象系的辐射和云参数化模式，对ＨＥＩＦＥ期间张掖地区１９９１年春、夏、秋、冬四季资料进行了计算，讨论了晴天条件下的大气状况态地表反射率与地表比辐射率等因子对地气系统的太阳辐射收支以及短波加热率与长波冷却率分布的影响；揭示了不同季节的整层大气反射、透过与吸收特征，分析了大气中各主要吸收成分对加热率与冷却率的贡献，同时就辐射模式的垂直分辨率对加热率与冷却率的影响亦作了讨论。  相似文献   

Spectral characteristics of the seismic hazard between the alps and the dinarides     

L. Peruzza  L. Sirovich  D. Slejko 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1994,13(3)

Empirical correlations between response spectra, magnitude, distance from the source and geological site conditions are introduced in a regional study of seismic hazard. A 350-year earthquake catalogue is treated by means of the statistics of extremes and both the spectral amplitudes (pseudovelocity) corresponding to a series of frequency bands are separately mapped, and the complete predicted response spectra calculated at some sites. Three kinds of geological site conditions are considered: thick and thin (less than 20 m deep) alluvium, and rock. A particular dependence of the results on the geographical distribution of earthquakes and on their magnitudes is commented. The seismic hazard of the study area is also computed by applying a traditional regression between peak ground velocity, magnitude and distance; a comparison with the seismic hazard given by the frequency dependent psuedovelocity indicates the extent of the uncertainty associated with the common practice of scaling response spectra directly from ground motion parameters.  相似文献   

武昌同步卫星信号振幅闪烁功率谱   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

雷源汉  张凌  马淑英  皮晓青  叶冬英  梁百先 《地球物理学报》1988,31(6):630-636

本文利用自制的微机数据采集与分析系统,处理了1985年12月至1986年6月在武昌接收日本ETS-Ⅱ卫星信标136MHz信号所观测到的振幅闪烁。共分析了133例闪烁功率谱得出,谱指数随闪烁指数S_4的增加有增大的趋势,平均谱指数值为3.1;大多数的对数功率谱曲线都在低频部分平坦或以略小于1的斜率上升,而在高频部分以-2.5～-4.0的斜率迅速下降;有1 3例功率谱在高频部分发生“折断”现象,即负幂律谱有两个谱指数,发生折断的频率f_b约为0.07Hz,相应的电离层不规则结构的空间尺度约为280m。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地北部油气地球化学特征及异常成因探讨     

周亚龙  杨志斌  张舜尧  张富贵  孙忠军 《地质学报》2022,96(7):2547-2561

为了发挥油气化探“迅速掌握全局快速缩小靶区”的战略性作用，服务油气化探全国扫面计划，选择塔里木含油气盆地北部开展低密度（1点/25km2）油气地球化学填图试点。油气化探填图指标土壤酸解烃、顶空气轻烃、荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱和蚀变碳酸盐在大型油气田、油气富集区带上方均发育地球化学省异常，异常平面空间分布与地下油气富集区带具有良好的套合关系，对油气富集具有指示意义。区域性的荧光光谱等指标异常浓集中心沿轮台断裂等主干断裂带分布，与地下断裂位置良好的匹配性指示了油气大规模的运聚。甲烷碳同位素证实研究区油气地球化学省异常成因为热解成因，土壤样品三维荧光光谱发育共性峰，三维荧光光谱指纹特征反映了近地表土壤烃类异常与地下油气运移和油气藏类型相关。塔里木盆地北部地区油气地球化学填图试点结果表明，大型盆地可以采用甚低密度油气地球化学填图技术，圈出寻找大、中型油气田和油气富集区带的异常区，发挥油气化探“迅速掌握全局快速缩小靶区”的战略性作用。  相似文献   

榍石的红外光谱及穆斯堡尔谱研究     

谷湘平  陈良青 《矿产与地质》1991,(1)

本文描述了花岗岩中榍石的矿物学特征,对其红外光谱与金红石红外光谱对比研究,获得某些谱带的归属,并给出了群论分析;对其穆斯堡尔谱Fe~(3-)的两组对线的归属从结构、成分上进行了讨论.  相似文献   

我国叶蜡石的差热和红外光谱研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈大梅  姜泽春等 《矿物学报》1991,11(1):92-96

叶蜡石的吸热反应温度为600－800℃，失重量5％。叶蜡石的红外光谱有两种基本振动形式，在含石英较多的叶蜡石红外谱图中，叶蜡三笺吸收谱带减弱或消失。在叶蜡石加热到1000℃后的X射线粉昌衍射谱图上，出现了莫来三方英石的特征谱线。  相似文献   

Occurrence and significance of pyrochlorins in a lake sediment     

B.J. Keely  R.G. Brereton  J.R. Maxwell 《Organic Geochemistry》1988,13(4-6)

The occurrence of pyrochlorophyll a and pyrophaeophytins a and b in the bottom sediments of a small eutrophic lake (Priest Pot, Cumbria, U.K.) is reported on the basis of HPLC coinjection with standards. Assignment of pyrophaeophytins a and b was confirmed by FAB mass spectrometric and nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the isolated components and comparison with standards. The co-occurrence of pyrochlorins with their non-pyro counterparts, even in a surface sediment, shows that decarbomethoxylation can occur at the very earliest stages of the Treibs diagenetic pathway linking the chlorophylls and sedimentary porphyrins.  相似文献   

几种锡矿物的穆斯堡尔谱研究          下载免费PDF全文

江嘉济  黄文英  蔡紫筠  刘燕杰 《岩石矿物学杂志》1988,7(1):71-79

本文对我国一些地区的锡石、黄锡矿、辉锑锡铅矿等锡矿物样品进行了化学成分分析、穆斯堡尔谱测试,并利用穆斯堡尔谱方法区分了这些锡矿物中锡的价态。实测结果表明,锡石中的锡全是Sn~(4+)(六配位),黄锡矿中的锡是Sn~(4+)(四配位),辉锑锡铅矿中的锡有Sn~(4+)及少量 的Sn~(2+)。钙铁榴石中的锡是Sn~(4+),它是以类质同像替换方式进入[Y]位替换Fe~(3+)。同时,讨论了同质异能位移值与价态的关系,I.S值的增大顺序为:Sn~(4+)→Sn~0→Sn~(2+)。根据经验公式,估算了一些锡矿物中氧和硫配位基的电负性,  相似文献