短波红外光谱、X射线荧光光谱、黄铁矿热电性分析在胶东新城金矿田深部找矿中的应用     

邵雪维  彭永明  王功文  赵显勇  唐佳洋  黄蕾蕾  刘晓宁  赵宪东 《地学前缘》2021,28(3):236-251

胶东半岛是我国最重要的金矿集区之一,其矿床是典型受北东向断裂构造(焦家断裂带、三山岛断裂带和招平断裂带),以及次生断裂构造(如望儿山断裂和灵北断裂等)控制的矿床类型。前人在该区域做了大量研究,但主要集中在地表和浅层成矿段,对于深部成矿规律与预测的研究相对较少。新城金矿田是胶东半岛的特大型金矿之一,由新城矿床、曲家矿床和招贤矿床三部分组成。由于受到焦家断裂带控制,在招贤矿区中的科研深钻达到2 500 m以下,为我们研究深部成矿规律提供了良好的样品。本文通过该地区蚀变矿物的短波红外光谱特征(short-wave infrared spectroscopy,SWIR),并结合X 射线荧光光谱(X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,XRF)法和黄铁矿热电性法,选取该地的不同成矿阶段的蚀变岩石和典型载金矿物黄铁矿,并在三维环境中,定量化分析了主要的蚀变矿物——白云母族的短波红外光谱的特征值,揭示其找矿规律与指示意义,进一步提取矿床中蚀变矿物的找矿标志。研究结果表明:(1)在靠近焦家主断裂构造蚀变岩型矿体的位置,伊利石结晶度(≥1.2)和绢云母Al—OH吸收位置(≥2 205 nm)偏高,而在远离焦家主断裂构造蚀变岩型矿体的位置伊利石结晶度和绢云母Al—OH吸收位置偏低,分别为0.2~1.2和2 198~2 205 nm。(2)X 射线荧光光谱结果提取了该地区20种元素含量,通过对元素的主成分分析和聚类分析, Al—OH吸收峰位置偏移与Al、K、Si含量变化有一定相关性。(3)黄铁矿热电性导型在近焦家主断裂构造蚀变岩主要为P型,远离主断裂的主要为N型。在新城矿区的Ⅰ号和Ⅴ号矿体的顶部到底部整体呈现N-P→P→P-N→N→N-P→P-N和P-N→N-P的规律;在招贤矿区中绝大部分是P型。剥蚀度整体处于在25%~50%,因此在新城矿区约-800 m以下和招贤矿区约-1 500 m以下,仍有较好的深部找矿前景。整体上P型黄铁矿成矿温度主要为180~250 ℃,N型成矿温度主要区间值在380~460 ℃;利用温度场进行三维插值建模,其与三维矿体品位模型空间展布趋势一致。本文综合研究方法为深部矿产资源评价提供新的研究思路,将光谱数据、地化数据等多维度信息集成整合,同时使用三维模型可视化功能,对于矿产模型定量化构建具有重要参考价值。  相似文献   

冰上丝绸之路与北极油气资源     

赵越  刘建民  韩淑琴  韦利杰 《地质力学学报》2021,27(5):880-889

油气是重要的战略资源。其中天然气作为清洁能源,它曾经是,现在是,在可预期的未来——全球碳减排、中国碳达峰情景下,仍然是最重要的能源资源。能源进口渠道的多元化一直是中国缓解能源紧张的有效措施之一。北极地区油气资源丰富且以天然气为主,已发现的油气资源中绝大多数在俄罗斯,尤其是天然气。但是俄罗斯天然气生产的油气田80%以上已经进入北极圈。2012年,中俄合作开发北极亚马尔液化天然气项目正式启动,标志着中国参与北极油气资源开发利用取得重要进展,也事实上开启了中国主导的"丝绸之路经济带建设"和俄罗斯主导的"欧亚经济联盟建设"对接合作的进程。北极地区已发现的油气资源共计3289.4亿桶油当量,其中石油605.4亿桶（84.1亿吨）油当量,仅为全球已发现石油资源的2.5%;天然气41.4万亿立方米（约合2683亿桶,372.6亿吨油当量）,占全球已发现天然气资源的15.5%。北极地区已发现的油气总资源中绝大多数在俄罗斯,俄罗斯已发现的北极油气资源合计2905亿桶油当量（403.5亿吨）,占88.3%;其中天然气约39.47万亿立方米,约合2557.9亿桶（355.3亿吨）油当量,占北极地区已发现天然气总资源的95%以上。北极待发现的油气资源量也非常可观,约占世界待发现常规石油资源的15%;天然气占世界待发现常规天然气资源的30%,其分布也主要在俄罗斯。随着全球气候变暖和能源战略博弈,俄罗斯为确保其天然气出口及财政来源,必然要加大北极油气、特别是天然气的开采和开发,并通过北极航道运到中国和其他消费国。本文在概括分析北极油气资源分布特点、俄罗斯油气资源与北极战略及北方海航道通行能力的基础上,回顾了北极亚马尔液化天然气项目诞生、发展演变及其国际博弈的背景;概括介绍了中国成功介入北极油气资源项目这一标志性事件过程,并进一步提出了中国对北极油气资源利用战略举措的建议。   相似文献   

Geology and mineralization of the Sanshandao supergiant gold deposit (1200 t) in the Jiaodong Peninsula,China: A review     

《China Geology》2021,4(4):686-719

The Jiaodong Peninsula in Shandong Province, China is the world’s third-largest gold metallogenic area, with cumulative proven gold resources exceeding 5000 t. Over the past few years, breakthroughs have been made in deep prospecting at a depth of 500–2000 m, particularly in the Sanshandao area where a huge deep gold orebody was identified. Based on previous studies and the latest prospecting progress achieved by the project team of this study, the following results are summarized. (1) 3D geological modeling results based on deep drilling core data reveal that the Sanshandao gold orefield, which was previously considered to consist of several independent deposits, is a supergiant deposit with gold resources of more than 1200 t (including 470 t under the sea area). The length of the major orebody is nearly 8 km, with a greatest depth of 2312 m below sea level and a maximum length of more than 3 km along their dip direction. (2) Thick gold orebodies in the Sanshandao gold deposit mainly occur in the specific sections of the ore-controlling fault where the fault plane changes from steeply to gently inclined, forming a stepped metallogenic model from shallow to deep level. The reason for this strong structural control on mineralization forms is that when ore-forming fluids migrated along faults, the pressure of fluids greatly fluctuated in fault sections where the fault dip angle changed. Since the solubility of gold in the ore-forming fluid is sensitive to fluid pressure, these sections along the fault plane serve as the target areas for deep prospecting. (3) Thermal uplifting-extensional structures provide thermodynamic conditions, migration pathways, and deposition spaces for gold mineralization. Meanwhile, the changes in mantle properties induced the transformation of the geochemical properties of the lower crust and magmatic rocks. This further led to the reactivation of ore-forming elements, which provided rich materials for gold mineralization. (4) It can be concluded from previous research results that the gold mineralization in the Jiaodong gold deposits occurred at about 120 Ma, which was superimposed by nonferrous metals mineralization at 118–111 Ma. The fluids were dominated by primary mantle water or magmatic water. Metamorphic water occurred in the early stage of the gold mineralization, while the fluid composition was dominated by meteoric water in the late stage. The S, Pb, and Sr isotopic compositions of the ores are similar to those of ore-hosting rocks, indicating that the ore-forming materials mainly derive from crustal materials, with the minor addition of mantle-derived materials. The gold deposits in the Jiaodong Peninsula were formed in an extensional tectonic environment during the transformation of the physical and chemical properties of the lithospheric mantle, which is different from typical orogenic gold deposits. Thus, it is proposed that they are named “Jiaodong-type” gold deposits.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

胶东西北部重熔型磁铁矿花岗岩与金矿     

Liu Liandeng Yao Fengliang 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1989,(3)

胶东西北部是我国最主要的金矿集中区,金矿的同源岩为滦家河花岗岩,属中深侵入体。根据它富含磁铁矿及副矿物组合,高铁低镁的黑云母,岩石化学成分,锶、氧、硫同位素组成,认为属磁铁矿花岗岩,相当于Ⅰ型花岗岩。用K、Rb、Sr、岩石化学成分,稀土元素和硫同位素判别,确认其为壳源(相当于胶东群变质岩的成分)重熔型。我国脉状金矿的容矿围岩时代老,成矿时代新,空间受构造—岩浆带制约,成矿过程脉岩活动频繁,对其原因,本文提出了一种解释。  相似文献   

南极乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛土壤矿物化学风化特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

赵烨  李天杰 《极地研究》1995,7(2):21-27

本文在考察菲尔德斯半岛成土环境、土壤理化性状的基础上，分析了本区代表性土壤的粘土矿物组成，粘粒、粉粒和全土中土壤大量元素的含量。认为亚南极海洋性气候区（无冰区）土壤次生粘土矿物主要是蒙脱石、伊利石和绿泥石；土壤矿物风化过程包括脱盐基、周期性滞水氧化－还原脱铁锰和微弱的脱硅过程  相似文献   

雷州半岛局部地热异常及其形成机制   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15       下载免费PDF全文

陈墨香  夏斯高 《地质科学》1991,(4):369-383

雷州半岛地热场主要受基底构造格局的控制和地下水活动的影响,隐伏花岗岩体放射性元素生热对盖层地温的贡献不可忽视,第四纪更新世火山喷发活动的岩浆余热已几乎完全散失,岩浆体和围岩温度已趋于平衡。由火山喷发而形成的雷北螺岗岭和雷南石峁岭两个玄武岩台地,为半岛地下水的主要补给区,由于冷水流下渗的地温效应,新生界盖层浅部地温梯度<3℃/100m,呈现地热负异常。在以传导传热为主的区域,地热场特点与华北盆地相似,新生界盖层地温梯度与基底岩面的埋深密切相关。由于地壳深部较均一的热流在地壳表部再分配的结果,若干凸起区盖层地温梯度为4—5℃/100m,呈现地热正异常。某些控制凸起区的边界断裂,当深层热水沿其上涌,造成附加热源,和传导传热相叠加,盖层地温梯度可高达5—8℃/100m,形成更鲜明的地热正异常。  相似文献   

澳大利亚维多利亚州肭屏半岛第四纪古土壤沉积物的初步研究     

周利平詹姆.  AJ 《中国沙漠》1994,14(1):52-59

本文对澳大利亚维多利亚州肭屏（Ｎｅｐｅａｎ）半岛海岸悬崖风成岩古土壤序列沉积学地层的成土母质来源、成土时期的环境、时代等问题进行研究。  相似文献   

Note on Upper Cretaceous ostracods from south-western Morocco     

R. A. Reyment 《Cretaceous Research》1982,3(4):405-414

Cenomanian, Turonian and Coniacian ostracods from a borehole in the coastal zone of the Tarfayan Basin, south-western Morocco, display affinities with associations from Algeria, Tunisia and the Middle East as well as with the Iberian Peninsula. Relationships with central and southern West Africa are relatively slight, which could be a result of palaeoecological particularities.  相似文献   

A MASCOTTE-based characterization of MCSs over Spain, 2000–2002     

R. García-Herrera  E. Hernndez  D. Paredes  D. Barriopedro  J.F. Correoso  L. Prieto 《Atmospheric Research》2005,73(3-4):261-282

A 3-year Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) database, which extends from 2000 to 2002, has been built for the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands using the objective method MASCOTTE (MAximum Spatial COrrelation Technique). It was originally developed to track the evolution of convective systems over the Amazon region; after modifications, it is able to track MCS evolution even with an hour and a half of missed images and provides essential information of both dynamical and morphological characteristics of MCSs. MASCOTTE is tested against a visual and subjective method, and is found to offer advantages such as automation and a simple and efficient operation that make it very useful for building large MCS databases.Thirty-five MCSs were found between June and October, most of them originated along the Mediterranean coast and near the Pyrenees, showing an increasing occurrence from June to September, when the maximum is found. The regions most influenced by MCS occurrences are Balearic Islands, Valencia, Catalonia, Murcia and the Basque Country. The MCSs tend to be small, short-lived and linear, usually moving eastward or northeastward with low velocities.The MCSs-associated precipitation presents high variability, ranging from 80 to 0 mm h⁻¹ as maximum hourly records. Two different convective regions are identified based on MCS behavior in extreme precipitation events: Northern Spain (the Basque Country) with abundant and continuous precipitation regime but little MCS influence, and the Mediterranean coast, where precipitation is sporadic but much more intense.  相似文献   

Simulations of strong ground motion in SW Iberia for the 1969 February 28 (M_s= 8.0) and the 1755 November 1 (M∼ 8.5) earthquakes – II. Strong ground motion simulations     

Raphaël Grandin  José Fernando Borges  Mourad Bezzeghoud  Bento Caldeira  Fernando Carrilho 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(2):807-822

This is the second paper of a series of two concerning strong ground motion in SW Iberia due to earthquakes originating from the adjacent Atlantic area. The aim of this paper is to use the velocity model that was proposed and validated in the companion paper for seismic intensity modelling of the 1969 ( M _s= 8.0) and 1755 ( M = 8.5–8.7) earthquakes.
First, we propose a regression to convert simulated values of Peak Ground Velocity (PGV) into Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) in SW Iberia, and using this regression, we build synthetic isoseismal maps for a large ( M _s= 8.0) earthquake that occurred in 1969. Based on information on the seismic source provided by various authors, we show that the velocity model effectively reproduces macroseismic observations in the whole region. We also confirm that seismic intensity distribution is very sensitive to a small number of source parameters: rupture directivity, fault strike and fault dimensions. Then, we extrapolate the method to the case of the great ( M = 8.5–8.7) 1755 earthquake, for a series of hypotheses recently proposed by three authors about the location of the epicentral region. The model involving a subduction-related rupture in the Gulf of Cádiz results in excessive ground motion in northern Morocco, suggesting that the source of the 1755 earthquake should be located further west. A rupture along the western coast of Portugal, compatible with an activation of the passive western Iberian margin, would imply a relatively low average slip, which, alone, would could not account for the large tsunami observed in the whole northern Atlantic ocean. A seismic source located below the Gorringe Bank seems the most likely since it is more efficient in reproducing the distribution of high intensities in SW Iberia due to the 1755 earthquake.  相似文献