脂溶性壳多糖的制备     

于广利  梁平方  李八方 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(Z1)

提出通过甲烷磺酸／酰氯体系低温均相制备乙酰化甲壳质（ＡＣＣ）、己酰化甲壳质（ＨＣＣ）、十二酰化甲壳质（ＤＣＣ）及已酰化Ｎ－苄基甲壳胺（ＮＢＣ），从而获得脂溶性Ｎ－苄基己酰甲壳胺（ＮＢＨＣ）的反应条件，并对各酰化产物在不同溶剂中的溶解性能进行试验。指出：产物ＡＣＣ溶于甲酸中；ＨＣＣ、ＤＣＣ溶于甲酸及乙醇中；ＮＢＨＣ溶于甲酸、乙醇、乙醚、苯及乙酸乙酯中。  相似文献   

粗骨料对混凝土界面过渡区氯离子扩散性能影响     

王元战  吕彦伟  龙俞辰  吴林键 《海洋工程》2018,36(2):73-82

通过室内干湿循环条件下混凝土中氯离子扩散试验,实测得到6种不同粗骨料体积分数的混凝土试件在不同时刻、不同深度处的氯离子浓度。经回归分析得到了不同粗骨料体积分数下混凝土的氯离子整体扩散系数,其值随粗骨料体积分数的增加而减小。同时,探讨了粗骨料的稀释、曲折和界面过渡区效应对混凝土中氯离子扩散的影响。在此基础上,同时考虑粗骨料体积分数Vf和界面过渡区厚度h的影响系数α(Vf,h),建立混凝土界面过渡区氯离子扩散系数模型,界面过渡区氯离子扩散系数随粗骨料体积分数的增大呈近乎线性地减小,随界面过渡区厚度的增大先显著减小而后逐渐趋于平稳。最后,将建立的界面过渡区氯离子扩散系数模型应用于混凝土中氯离子扩散的三维细观数模中。结果表明:细观数模计算结果与物理试验实测数据在变化趋势和数值大小上均能够吻合,可验证界面过渡区氯离子扩散系数模型的正确性与合理性。  相似文献   

养护期介入电迁阻锈保障混凝土耐久性试验研究     

吴凯  罗林  毛江鸿  金伟良  潘崇根  樊玮洁 《海洋工程》2019,37(4):117-123

沿海地区氯盐侵蚀会对混凝土结构造成严重的耐久性问题,混凝土设计使用寿命难以保障。对于新建工程,若在自由水含量较高混凝土养护期进行电迁阻锈处理,则有利于电迁移性阻锈剂在钢筋周围聚集以达到更佳的阻锈效果。为此,针对两种电迁移性阻锈剂对处于氯盐侵蚀环境中的混凝土适用性展开研究,并测试了干湿循环前后混凝土内钢筋电化学参数、氯离子扩散特征及钢筋周围电迁移性阻锈剂含量研究两种电迁移性阻锈剂对混凝土耐久性保障的作用。结果表明,试验中养护期介入电迁阻锈后试件阻锈效果良好,经过干湿循环后钢筋腐蚀电位正向高于-162.6 m V,同时,钢筋附近出现明显的阻锈剂聚集现象,能保持钢筋的钝化状态。  相似文献   

四元体系(LiCl + NaCl + Li2SO4 + Na2SO4 + H2O)在75℃等温蒸发相平衡实验与理论研究          下载免费PDF全文

郭亚飞  袁菲  李珑  王士强  邓天龙 《盐湖研究》2019,27(1)

梯度太阳能池技术在盐湖化工中是一种经济分离无机盐产品的方法，本文创新性的采用等温蒸发法，模拟四元体系(LiCl + NaCl + Li2SO4 + Na2SO4 + H2O)在75℃等温蒸发相平衡，指导太阳池深池积温分离提取锂盐产品。实验测定了溶解度和溶液密度、pH值等物化性质，并绘制了干盐相图、水图和物化性质组成图。在该四元体系干盐相图中包含3个四元共饱点，7条单变量蒸发曲线和5个结晶区，分别为NaCl，Na2SO4，复盐Li2SO4·Na2SO4，Li2SO4·H2O和LiCl·H2O。采用 Pitzer模型和改进的HMW公式，拟合出该四元体系在75℃时的Pitzer单盐参数、混合离子作用参数和平衡固相的热力学平衡常数，并计算给该四元体系的相图，计算相图和实验相图有较大区别。等温蒸发相图能真实的反应盐湖中盐类沉积规律，并对指导太阳池分离盐类具有重要指导意义。  相似文献   

Effect of bedrock flow on catchment rainfall‐runoff characteristics and the water balance in forested catchments in Tanzawa Mountains,Japan     

Tomoki Oda  Masakazu Suzuki  Tomohiro Egusa  Yoshimi Uchiyama 《水文研究》2013,27(26):3864-3872

In this paper, we examined the role of bedrock groundwater discharge and recharge on the water balance and runoff characteristics in forested headwater catchments. Using rigorous observations of catchment precipitation, discharge and streamwater chemistry, we quantified net bedrock flow rates and contributions to streamwater runoff and the water balance in three forested catchments (second‐order to third‐order catchments) underlain by uniform bedrock in Japan. We found that annual rainfall in 2010 was 3130 mm. In the same period, annual discharge in the three catchments varied from 1800 to 3900 mm/year. Annual net bedrock flow rates estimated by the chloride mass balance method at each catchment ranged from ?1600 to 700 mm/year. The net bedrock flow rates were substantially different in the second‐order and third‐order catchments. During baseflow, discharge from the three catchments was significantly different; conversely, peak flows during large storm events and direct runoff ratios were not significantly different. These results suggest that differences in baseflow discharge rates, which are affected by bedrock flow and intercatchment groundwater transfer, result in the differences in water balance among the catchments. This study also suggests that in these second‐order to third‐order catchments, the drainage area during baseflow varies because of differences between the bedrock drainage area and surface drainage area, but that the effective drainage area during storm flow approaches the surface drainage area. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

无水氯化锶的制备工艺研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

邹兴武  王树轩  杨占寿  王舒娅  祁米香 《盐湖研究》2012,20(2):39-43

依托青海锶资源优势,以次等品碳酸锶和工业盐酸为原料,制备了无水氯化锶。并对除钡、除铁、除硫、脱水干燥等工艺进行了研究。产品能达到一般工业品的要求。氯化锶的制备不仅丰富我省锶产品的种类,而且增加了锶资源企业的抗风险能力。  相似文献   

碳质银精矿氯化浸出工艺的研究与应用     

杨凤云  李滦宁  梁宏伟  赵淑杰  张军  崔玉果  于长江 《世界地质》2010,29(2):347-351

采用氧化焙烧工艺对碳质银精矿进行除碳、除硫预处理,试验确定焙烧温度为650℃。焙砂以3YL--NaCl无氰氯化体系浸出,研究了影响氯化浸出的因素:3YL用量、氯化钠浓度、浸出酸度、时间、温度℃及固液比等,并在试验确定的工艺条件下,进行了公斤级试验,得出Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn的氯化浸出率分别为95.1%、91.6%、85.7%、95.2%、83.8%。  相似文献   

Ground Based FTIR Measurements of Stratospheric Species from Harestua, Norway During Sesame and Comparison with Models     

B. Galle  J. Mellqvist  D.W. Arlander  I. Fløisand  M.P. Chipperfield  A.M. Lee 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1999,32(1):147-164

Vertical columns of HF, HCl, HNO3, ClONO2, N2O, ClO and COF2 were measured at Harestua, Norway (60.22° N, 10.75° E, Elevation 600 a.s.l.) beginning on 24 November 1994 and concluding on 1 May 1995 during Phase-III of the SESAME (Second European Stratospheric Arctic and Mid-latitude Experiment) measurement campaign. The vertical columns of HCl, HNO3 and ClONO2 measured on 81 days were compared with columns calculated by the 3-D Cambridge model SLIMCAT. In addition the results were also interpreted by comparison with a photochemical trajectory model. Good agreement was seen for HCl while the nitrogen compounds showed larger discrepancies, especially for ClONO2. Evidence for chlorine activation was seen with 65% reduction of the chlorine reservoirs (HCl + ClONO2) while the levels of ClO were greatly enhanced. Interpretation of the loss with the trajectory model indicated condensation of chlorine on PSCs. The vertical column ratio of COF2 and HF was measured to 0.21 outside the vortex and a factor of two lower inside. The recovery of ClONO2 was seen to be much faster than that of HCl in the early spring.  相似文献   

氯化镁及其水合物的标准溶解焓与生成焓     

翟宗玺 《盐湖研究》1993,(1)

利用精密量热仪测定了MgCl_2、MgCl_2·2H_2O、MgCl_2·4H_2O和MgCl_2·6H_2O在298.15°K溶于水的积分溶解热,并利用Pitzer电解质溶液的。~ΦL方程,计算了溶质的相对表观摩尔热焓,从而得到标准溶解焓分别为(KJ·mol~(-1))—155.86±0.17、—79.45±O.17,—41.78±O.18和—14.58±0.16;晶格能分别为—2490.36,—3158.37,—3772.70和—4376.56。二、四、六水合物的标准生成焓分别为—1289.39,—1898.72和—2497.58;水合焓分别为—76.41,—114.08和—141.28。  相似文献   

非水溶剂中电解质溶液活度系数的测定:NaCl在1,2-丙二醇中活度系数的测定   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

王卫东  向翠丽  胡珍珠  陆江林 《盐湖研究》2004,12(1):43-45

应用钠离子选择性电极和Ag-AgCl电极组成可逆电池,通过测定电池的电动势,应用Debye H櫣ckel极限公式,计算了不同温度下NaCl在1,2-丙二醇非水溶剂中的活度系数,并根据电解质溶液的溶剂化理论对NaCl的活度系数的某些变化规律进行了讨论。  相似文献