Accretionary nature of the crust of Central and East Java (Indonesia) revealed by local earthquake travel-time tomography     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

Reassessment of travel time data from an exceptionally dense, amphibious, temporary seismic network on- and offshore Central and Eastern Java (MERAMEX) confirms the accretionary nature of the crust in this segment of the Sunda subduction zone (109.5–111.5E). Traveltime data of P- and S-waves of 244 local earthquakes were tomographically inverted, following a staggered inversion approach. The resolution of the inversion was inspected by utilizing synthetic recovery tests and analyzing the model resolution matrix. The resulting images show a highly asymmetrical crustal structure. The images can be interpreted to show a continental fragment of presumably Gondwana origin in the coastal area (east of 110E), which has been accreted to the Sundaland margin. An interlaced anomaly of high seismic velocities indicating mafic material can be interpreted to be the mantle part of the continental fragment, or part of obducted oceanic lithosphere. Lower than average crustal velocities of the Java crust are likely to reflect ophiolitic and metamorphic rocks of a subduction melange.  相似文献   

Eroding battlefields: Land degradation in Java reconsidered     

《Geoforum》2014

Land degradation has been a major political issue in Java for decades. Its causes have generally been framed by narratives focussing on farmers’ unsustainable cultivation practices. This paper causally links land degradation with struggles over natural resources in Central Java. It presents a case study that was part of a research project combining remote sensing and political ecology to explore land use/cover change and its drivers in the catchment of the Segara Anakan lagoon. Historically rooted land conflicts have turned the land into a political battlefield, with soil erosion being the direct outcome of the political struggles. Starting from an analysis of environmental changes using satellite images and historical maps, the research explored a history of violent displacements in the frame of a series of brutal insurgencies and counterinsurgencies in the 1950/60s. In these struggles over national political power, entire villages were erased, and peasants’ land was appropriated by the state. This political history is ‘inscribed’ in today’s landscape. The contested land comprises some of the most erosion-prone sites in the entire catchment of the lagoon. The landscape of erosion is a landscape of conflict and a symbol of historical violence and injustice. In line with our research in other parts of the catchment, the case study presented here challenges dominant political discourses about the nature of upland degradation in Java. It provides insight into still unresolved and underexplored chapters of Indonesian history and presents a strong plea for combining land use change science and (historical) political ecology.  相似文献   

Climate change mitigation on tropical peatlands: A triple burden for smallholder farmers in Indonesia     

《Global Environmental Change》2021

The agricultural use and conversion of tropical peatlands is considered a major source of land-based greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, the protection and restoration of tropical peatlands has recently turned into an important strategy to mitigate global climate change. Little research exists that has investigated the impacts and dynamics that such climate mitigation efforts evoke in local communities living in and around peatlands. We present insights on this from Sumatra, Indonesia and use a climate justice lens to evaluate local outcomes. We show how an increasingly transnational network of state and non-state actors has become involved in developing new laws, policy programs and land-use agreements on Sumatra’s coastal peatlands, aiming at supposedly win–win low-carbon development pathways. We argue that such efforts are open to much of the same criticism that has been raised regarding previous policies and projects aimed at reducing GHGE from deforestation and forest degradation. These projects disregard local perspectives on development, fail to deliver the promised benefits and, through a reconfiguration of local land-use rights, reduce the capabilities of smallholder farmers to benefit from their land. In sum, our analysis suggests that recent policies and projects aimed at mitigating GHGE from tropical peatlands contribute to a redistribution of the global climate mitigation burden onto smallholder farmers in Indonesia. This occurs through their threefold assignment to protect forests, prevent fires and help restore degraded peatlands.  相似文献   

Battle over the sun: Resistance,tension, and divergence in enabling rooftop solar adoption in Indonesia     

《Global Environmental Change》2021

This article examines sustainability transitions in the Global South, focusing on the adoption of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems in Indonesia as a case study. Based on 55 in-depth interviews and a secondary data review, we develop an alternative analytical framework that draws insights from geographical political economy and political ecology. This alternative lens allows us to better inform the socio-technical transition literature by uncovering both the spatial implications of renewable energy transitions and the power differentials underpinning them. We find that the emergence of rooftop PV technology in Indonesia has provoked resistance, as it challenges the incumbent power company’s monopoly over urban space, the Java-Bali grid system’s dependency on coal-based electricity, and state-led practices that prioritise the implementation of small-scale solar in rural and remote areas. We argue that paying attention to the asymmetric power relations among institutions and actors across multiple scales offers a more-fine grained approach to analysing the dynamics of sustainability transitions. Our findings also call for greater attention to diverse and divergent perspectives among niche actors, emphasising the need to genuinely embrace local voices and knowledge that might otherwise be marginalised by the dominant globally and nationally driven narratives of renewable transition.  相似文献   

Ms 8.7印尼地震面波在云南产生的远场动态即刻触发特征          下载免费PDF全文

解朝娣;  吴小平;  何家斌;  付虹;  杨周胜; 《地球物理学进展》2007,22(2)

通过云南区域数字测震台网对2004年12月26日Ms 8.7印尼大震的波形记录，着重考查了大地震面波在到达云南26个台站后的1小时传播过程中对云南及周边地区产生的远场动态触发效应，发现在面波作用的短短1小时内，云南的西部地区有明显的地震即刻触发现象，并对这些现象的特征及其相关因素进行了讨论.  相似文献   

Fossiliferous Cambrian limestone from within the mt read volcanics,mt lyell mine area,Tasmania   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

J. B. Jago  K. O. Reid  P. G. Quilty  G. R. Green  B. Daily 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3):379-382

In the Mt Lyell area limestone conformably underlying unmineralized Mt Read Volcanics and unconformably overlying mineralized Mt Read Volcanics contains fossils of late Middle Cambrian or early Upper Cambrian age. This suggests an upper limit of late Middle Cambrian or early Upper Cambrian for the mineralization in the Mt Lyell area. The view of Gee et al. (1970) that the Mt Read Volcanics and the fossiliferous Cambrian sequences of western Tasmania are at least partly contemporaneous is confirmed.  相似文献   

Heavy Metal Concentrations in the Intertidal Gastropod Nerita lineata and Their Relationships to Those in Its Habitats： A Case Study in Dumai Coastal Waters     

Bintal Amin  Ahmad Ismail  Chee Kong Yap 《湿地科学》2009,7(4):351-357

Concentrations of heavy metals in the intertidal gastropod Nerita lineata collected from 4 sampling stations in the intertidal zone of Dumai coastal waters have been analyzed and correlated with the respective metal concentrations in their habitat. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible relationships between heavy metal concentrations in the N.lineata with metal concentrations in their habitat, which include seawater, algal mat, suspended particulate matter, and surface sediment. The results showed that heavy metal concentrations in the sediment, N.lineata, suspended particulate matter, algal mat and surface seawater were found to be higher in stations closed to Dumai city center which has more industrial and anthropogenic activities. The mean concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni and Fe in the N.lineata collected from Dumai intertidal area were 4.14 μg/g, 5.90 μg/g, 44.43 μg/g, 3.74 μg/g, 20.73 μg/g, 24.91 μg/g in shell; 4.16 μg/g, 7.31 μg/g, 51.78 μg/g, 17.63 μg/g, 23.52 μg/g, 30.60 μg/g in operculum and 0.71 μg/g, 15.09 μg/g, 9.41 μg/g, 94.42 μg/g, 5.10 μg/g, 398.24 μg/g dry weight in the total soft tissue, respectively. Cd, Pb and Ni concentrations of parts of the N.lineata were in the order: that of operculum>shell>soft tissue whilst Cu, Zn and Fe concentrations of parts of the N.lineata in the order: that of soft tissue>operculum>shell. This suggested that N.lineata could be used as biomonitoring agent for Cu, Zn and Fe (soft tissues) and for Cd, Pb and Ni (operculum). However, the shell had significant correlations (P<0.05) with metal concentrations in the sediment, algal mat, suspended particulate matter and seawater. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) values of the shell also revealed greater capacity for non-essential metals bioaccumulation from all environmental phases. This might suggest that the shell of N.lineata could be better used as biomonitoring agent for heavy metal pollution.  相似文献   

Block-and-ash flow deposition: A conceptual model from a GPR survey on pyroclastic-flow deposits at Merapi Volcano, Indonesia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C. Gomez  F. Lavigne  D.S. Hadmoko  N. Lespinasse  P. Wassmer 《Geomorphology》2009,110(3-4):118-127

In 2006, a series of block-and-ash flows swept the southwestern and southern flanks of Merapi Volcano, Java, Indonesia. In the K. Gendol valley, near the village of Kaliadem, we conducted a GPR survey on the most distal lobe of the June 14th second block-and-ash flow deposit. For this 100 m-long transect, we used a commercial GPR RAMAC© mounted with 100 MHz antennas. We measured the topography with a synchronized GPS and a laser rangefinder. Back at the laboratory, we processed the dataset with the software REFLEX®. Data of the subsurface reveals a series of layers, separated by strong reflective horizons. These horizons are the manifestation of intercalations of fine materials in between more coarse layers. The architecture of these layers presents progradation, retrogradation and aggradation patterns that we relate to the block-and-ash flow deposition process. Based on these observations we proposed a relative chronology of the deposition and a simple conceptual model of the deposition. The model show that the block-and-ash flow can deposit either long, close to horizontal single layers, or shorter layers that imbricate themselves, following different patterns (progradation, retrogradation or aggradation). Nevertheless we remained cautious, since we only studied a very short portion of the deposit, and similar experiences need to be repeated. Moreover there are reflections in the radargram that we could not identify, and further studies need to be conducted.  相似文献   

An exploratory analysis of hierarchical spatial interaction: the case of regional income shares in Indonesia   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

Suahasil Nazara  Geoffrey J. D. Hewings  Michael Sonis 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2006,8(3):253-268

Regional interaction is generally understood as implying movement between regions at the same level of an hierarchy. This paper extends the notion to include an hierarchical system, thus facilitating the consideration of vertical interaction in the analysis of regional interaction. Obviously, vertical interaction is not altogether a new concept. One could find this concept in many analyses related to national-local or federal-state relationships. This paper treats hierarchy in a strict sense; spatial units are interacting one with another within, but not between, presumed super regions. A particular example drawn in this paper is the province-region relationships for the case of Indonesia. In this framework, provinces form a region, and regions form the nation. The Dendrinos–Sonis model is then used as the basis for measuring the hierarchical spatial interaction in Indonesia. The analysis will explore the degree to which complementarity and competitive interaction revealed at one level in the hierarchy persist at lower or higher levels.

Geoffrey J. D. HewingsEmail:

  相似文献   

A Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Mineralization in the River Reef Zone,the Poboya Prospect,Central Sulawesi,Indonesia: Vein Textures,Ore Mineralogy,and Fluid Inclusions     

Tomy Alvin Rivai  Kotaro Yonezu  Syafrizal  Kenzo Sanematsu  Damar Kusumanto  Akira Imai  Koichiro Watanabe 《Resource Geology》2019,69(4):385-401

The Poboya Prospect lies along the North Northwest ‐ South Southeast Palu‐Koro Fault Zone in the central part of the West Sulawesi Arc. The geology of the area consists of the Palu Metamorphic Complex overlain by the Paleogene‐Neogene Tinombo Formation of volcanosedimentary rocks, the Celebes Molasse sediment, and Late Cenozoic granitic rocks. Petrography, scanning electron microscope with energy‐dispersive spectrometry (SEM‐EDS), electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), and fluid inclusion microthermometry were carried out to examine vein textures, ore mineralogy, and characteristics of the ore‐forming fluid responsible for mineralization in the River Reef Zone, the Poboya Prospect. Textures of quartz‐carbonate veins in the River Reef Zone include massive micro‐comb, moss, colloform, crustiform, mosaic, feathery, flamboyant, lattice bladed, ghost bladed, parallel bladed, and saccharoidal textures representing primary growth, recrystallization, and replacement. The homogenization temperature and fluid salinity are 240–250°C and 0.3–0.7 wt% NaCl eq., respectively. Ore minerals precipitated in the early stage consist of electrum, naumannite‐aguilarite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, marcasite, sphalerite, and pyrrhotite. Apart from pyrrhotite, these ore minerals were also precipitated in the late stage along with selenopolybasite, freibergite, argyrodite, pyrargyrite, and galena. Selenium more preferably occurs as the crystallographic replacement of sulfur in naumannite‐aguilarite, argyrodite, pyrargyrite, selenopolybasite, and freibergite instead of as independent selenide minerals. The low‐sulfidation epithermal deposit in the River Reef Zone, the Poboya Prospect, illustrates the potential of the West Sulawesi Arc, particularly along the Palu‐Koro Fault Zone, to host epithermal gold mineralization.  相似文献