深变质岩区遥感地质填图方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

方洪宾 《国土资源遥感》2000,11(2):35-38,42

通过深变质岩区遥感影像特征的分析研究,以影像群、影像组为基础,建立了变质岩影像岩石填图单位,进行了研究区变质表壳岩和变质深成岩的遥感地质解译,总结了变质岩区遥感地质填图的方法技术。该方法对1:25万区域地质调查中变质岩区填图具有重要的指导意义  相似文献   

Regional soil organic carbon prediction model based on a discrete wavelet analysis of hyperspectral satellite data     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Most studies have the achieved rapid and accurate determination of soil organic carbon (SOC) using laboratory spectroscopy; however, it remains difficult to map the spatial distribution of SOC. To predict and map SOC at a regional scale, we obtained fourteen hyperspectral images from the Gaofen-5 (GF-5) satellite and decomposed and reconstructed the original reflectance (OR) and the first derivative reflectance (FDR) using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) at different scales. At these different scales, as inputs, we selected the 3 optimal bands with the highest weight coefficient using principal component analysis and chose the normalized difference index (NDI), ratio index (RI) and difference index (DI) with the strongest correlation with the SOC content using a contour map method. These inputs were then used to build regional-scale SOC prediction models using random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM) and back-propagation neural network (BPNN) algorithms. The results indicated that: 1) at a low decomposition scale, DWT can effectively eliminate the noise in satellite hyperspectral data, and the FDR combined with DWT can improve the SOC prediction accuracy significantly; 2) the method of selecting inputs using principal component analysis and a contour map can eliminate the redundancy of hyperspectral data while retaining the physical meaning of the inputs. For the model with the highest prediction accuracy, the inputs were all derived from the wavelength range of SOC variations; 3) the differences in prediction accuracy among the different prediction models are small; and 4) the SOC prediction accuracy using hyperspectral satellite data is greatly improved compared with that of previous SOC prediction studies using multispectral satellite data. This study provides a highly robust and accurate method for predicting and mapping regional SOC contents.  相似文献   

Landslide hazard zonation mapping and comparative analysis of hazard zonation maps     

S. Sarkar  R. Anbalagan 《山地科学学报》2008,5(3):232-240

Landslide hazard zonation mapping at regional level of a large area provides a broad trend of landslide potential zones. A macro level landslide hazard zonation for a small area may provide a better insight into the landslide hazards. The main objective of the present work was to carry out macro landslide hazard zonation mapping on 1：50,000 scale in an area where regional level zonation mapping was conducted earlier. In the previous work the regional landslide hazard zonation maps of Srinagar- Rudraprayag area of Garhwal Himalaya in the state of Uttarakhand were prepared using subjective and objective approaches. In the present work the landslide hazard zonation mapping at macro level was carried out in a small area using a Landslide Hazard Evaluation Factor rating scheme. The hazard zonation map produced by using this technique classifies the area into relative hazard classes in which the high hazard zones well correspond with high frequency of landslides. The results of this map when compared with the regional zonation maps prepared earlier show that application of the present technique identified more details of the hazard zones, which are broadly shown in the earlier zonation maps.  相似文献   

测绘技术进步状况和2010年定位方向预测分析     

郭淑香  刘长生 《地理信息世界》2000,(1)

该文是对测绘技术进步对经济发展的作用进行定量分析,并运用经济、数学、统计等科学方法,依据产出增长数学方程,对测绘生产单位产值增长、技术进步速度和水平等进行测算,预测２０１０年测绘生产发展规模、技术水平等,提出对策建议,供管理决策者及部门参考。  相似文献   

Regional hydrologic mapping of flows in stream networks     

Bahram Saghafian   《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009,11(5):317-323

River low flow (LF) is an important hydrological characteristic used in management of the quantity and quality of water resources. A common way to transpose at-station low flow quantiles to ungaged locations involves development of regional multivariate regression models. In site selection studies of water control facilities, need arises to automate the mapping of LF characteristics onto the stream network in a continuous manner. This would allow estimation of LF at any desired ungaged location. A mapping algorithm is introduced that determines the value of regression model's independent variables (input components) over the drainage area of each stream pixel and calculates the flow (output). The mapping algorithm relies mainly on the digital elevation model (DEM) and its derivatives, such as flow direction and flow accumulation. Furthermore, the contribution of each independent variable of the regional model to the total flow may be plotted to represent the flow profiles along the streams. A case study involving LF mapping in rivers of Gilan province, Iran, where LF quantiles are required for issuing water withdrawal permits as well as maintaining water quality standards, is also described in the paper. Overall, the maps and profiles of flow statistics in the region of interest provide convenient visualization and assessment tools for water resource and environmental engineers. The transposition algorithm may also be applied in regional mapping of other flow characteristics such as flood or average flows.  相似文献   

测绘职业教育培养模式的探索与实践     

李俊锋 《北京测绘》2009,(4):93-94,39

从测绘科学的发展、社会需求和职业教育的特点等方面,介绍了现代测绘背景下测绘人才培养所出现的问题,分析了测绘职业教育的结构,提出了测绘职业教育人才的培养模式。  相似文献   

Mapping the Pliocene Clay Deposits Using Remote Sensing and its Impact on the Urbanization Developments in Egypt: Case Study,East Sohag Area     

Ahmed Mohamed Youssef 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2008,26(5):579-591

In the current study, Thematic Mapper image was compiled along with field and laboratory investigation results to map the Pliocene clay deposits. These deposits have high swelling potential; consequently they will have a negative impact on the urbanization expansion surrounding the flood plain zone (Low desert zone) in Egypt. Principle Component and Minimum Noise Fraction techniques with the help of supervised classification were successful in the mapping of these deposits. The interpretation shows that the Pliocene clay deposits occupy most of the wadis terraces and part of the wadis floors, and sometimes they covered by Quaternary deposits (1–5 m of sand and gravel). The physio-chemical characteristics of these deposits indicate that the Pliocene clay ranges from silty clay to clay with small amounts of sand. Laboratory analysis (Atterberg limits, saturation degree, and cation exchange capacity) indicate the swelling characteristics of the Pliocene clay. Different classification systems were applied and all reveal the expansive nature of this soil, which should be taken into account for future development in the area.  相似文献   

一种矢量线数据零水印算法     

李文德  闫浩文  王中辉  张黎明  禄小敏 《测绘科学》2017,42(3)

为了满足矢量地理空间数据高精度和零扰动的实用性需要,该文提出一种零水印算法。首先利用Logistic混沌映射置乱原始水印图像;然后对原始矢量线数据进行离散傅里叶变换,获得离散傅里叶变换后的相位值,并将相位值由弧度值转换为角度值;接着随机选取均匀分布的角度值,向下取整后转换为相应的二进制形式,得到二值矩阵;最后将置乱后的水印图像与由相位值构成的二值矩阵进行异或操作,从而构造出零水印图像。实验结果表明,该算法能够抵抗常见的平移、缩放等几何攻击,并且对数据格式转换攻击、投影变换攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。  相似文献   

Crowdsourcing a cyclist perspective on suggested recreational paths in real-world networks     

Kevin Baker  Kristien Ooms  Steven Verstockt  Pascal Brackman  Philippe De Maeyer  Rik Van de Walle 《制图学和地理信息科学》2017,44(5):422-435

ABSTRACT

Routing and navigation services for leisure activities are conditioned by special needs and trade-offs. The advent of online communities and large crowdsourced datasets offers opportunities to improve the adoption of a user’s perspective in these suggested paths. This paper focuses on achieving two goals. First, the presented methodology analyses a dataset of 190,610 historical GPS traces to gain insights into the appreciation or attractiveness of each edge in a real-world network for a specific leisure activity (i.e. road cycling). Second, as literature on these leisure activities is still sparse, we want to create a thorough understanding of the activities at hand for future work. An appreciation model is proposed and the spread of this score is analyzed in shortest-path alternatives of popular routing engines for this activity. This analysis successfully discriminates these shortest paths based on the scoring value and three morphological parameters of the path. However, the robustness of the model should be improved to ensure the viability of the proposed approach in future work. More specifically, further research on the local optimality of the route choices will be imperative.  相似文献   

Gewässergütebewertung und Bewertung von Abwasserfahnen in Rhein und Main auf der Basis mikrobieller Enzymaktivitäten     

A. Weßler  K. Dmgen  R. Hryk  U. Obst 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1997,25(1):17-26

Quality Mapping of Surface Water and Assessment of Treated and Untreated Waste-water Inputs into the Rhine and Main River Based on Microbial Enzyme Activities Microbial enzyme activities are used for an extension of the traditional quality mapping of surface water. In the following study, the enzymatic parameters were proved and validated on samples from various creeks and rivers in Baden-Württemberg and on samples gathered from the Rhine and Main Rivers (Germany). The test parameters should also be used for the control and the preservation of the capacity of the biological self-purification, which is the only natural and essential process in drinking-water conditioning of surface water. Main subject of the surveys was the development of criteria for an assessment of the measured enzymatical inhibition effects. Therefore, classes of inhibition and indices of inhibition are defined.  相似文献