南海北部外陆架表层沉积物粒度参数特征及物源分析     

李泽文  栾振东  阎军  庄丽华 《海洋科学》2011,35(12):92-100

为研究南海北部外陆架沉积物来源及沉积特征, 对南海北部外陆架18 个站位进行了表层沉积物取样和分析, 通过对沉积物的分类和粒度参数的计算, 探讨了沉积物类型和粒度参数的分布特征及其指示意义。研究结果表明, 研究区表层沉积物类型包括砾、砂质砾、砾质砂、砾质泥质砂、含砾砂、含砾泥质砂和含砾泥7 种类型。沉积物输运方式在外陆...  相似文献   

中国东海北部泥质区敏感粒度组分对东亚季风演变的响应     

孙晓燕  李希彬  岳晓峰  门翔 《海洋通报(英文版)》2011,13(2):1-12

本文运用粒级一标准偏差方法对FJ04孔146cm以上部分进行敏感粒度组分分析与提取,证明选取的敏感粒度组分是本区重要的环境替代性指标,其平均粒径的变化可以用来指示东亚季风的强弱。获得了东海北部泥质区3ka以来东亚冬季风强度的演化过程,结果表明东亚季风经历了两个主要的演变阶段：①3．1．15kaB．P．为东亚冬季风较弱,...  相似文献   

盐度和规格对波纹巴非蛤Paphia undulate耗氧率和排氨率的影响     

李俊辉  刘红礼  杜晓东  王庆恒 《海洋学研究》2011,29(4):95-99

2007年3月,将采集于湛江雷州的波纹巴非蛤Paphia undulate,根据其个体大小分为A组和B组,外壳长度分别为(4.51±0.17)cm和(3.69±0.11) cm,并采用Winkler碘量法和次溴酸盐氧化法分别测定了其单位质量的耗氧率、排氨率及其氧氮比(O∶N),研究了盐度和规格对波纹巴非蛤代谢的影响.实...  相似文献   

水化学性质对蒙脱石悬浮液膨胀性的影响     

马蕾  彭昌盛  范超  徐兴永  于洪军 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(Z1):379-385

实验研究了NaOH、HCl、NaCl和CaCl2等电解质加入量对蒙脱石悬浮液膨胀性的影响,并通过离子色谱、体视显微镜和激光粒度分析技术,研究了蒙脱石粒度变化与体积膨胀之间的关系。实验结果表明,NaOH、HCl对蒙脱石悬浮液膨胀性影响不明显,而NaCl和CaCl2对蒙脱石悬浮液的膨胀有明显的抑制作用;而且CaCl2对蒙脱石膨胀的抑制作用明显强于NaCl,CaCl2浓度比NaCl少了1个数量级时即可达到相同的膨胀抑制效果。离子色谱分析显示,CaCl2溶液与蒙脱石混合后,悬浮液上清液中的Ca2+浓度减少,而Na+浓度增加,分析存在离子交换过程。经激光粒度分析仪和体视显微镜观察,电解质的加入使颗粒之间产生了团聚作用,改变了颗粒的粒径,从而在宏观上表现为蒙脱石悬浮液体积的减少。  相似文献   

Ground-Based In Situ Measurements of Near-Surface Aerosol Mass Concentration over Anantapur: Heterogeneity in Source Impacts     

B. S. K. REDDY  K. R. KUMAR  G. BALAKRISHNAIAH  K. R. GOPAL  R. R. REDDY  V. SIVAKUMAR  S. Md. ARAFATH  A. P. LINGASWAMY  S. PAVANKUMARI  K. UMADEVI  Y. N. AHAMMED 《大气科学进展》2013,30(1):235-246

Surface measurements of aerosol physical properties were made at Anantapur(14.62°N,77.65 °E,331 m a.s.l),a semiarid rural site in India,during August 2008-July 2009.Measurements included the segregated sizes of aerosolsas as well as total mass concentration and size distributions of aerosols measured at low relative humidity(RH<75%) using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance(QCM) in the 25-0.05 μm aerodynamic diameter range.The hourly average total surface aerosol mass concentration in a day varied from 15 to 70 μg m-3,with a mean value of 34.02±9.05μgm-3 for the entire study period.A clear diurnal pattern appeared in coarse,accumulation and nucleation-mode particle concentrations,with two local maxima occurring in early morning and late evening hours.The concentration of coarse-mode particles was high during the summer season,with a maximum concentration of 11.81±0.98μgm-3 in the month of April,whereas accumulationmode concentration was observed to be high in the winter period contributed >68% to the total aerosol mass concentration.Accumulation aerosol mass fraction,A f(=Ma/Mt) was highest during winter(mean value of Af～0.80) and lowest(Af～0.64) during the monsoon season.The regression analysis shows that both R eff and R m are dependent on coarse-mode aerosols.The relationship between the simultaneous measurements of daily mean aerosol optical depth at 500 nm(AOD500) and PM 2.5 mass concentration([PM2.5]) shows that surface-level aerosol mass concentration increases with the increase in columnar aerosol optical depth over the observation period.  相似文献   

Sensitivity of Quasi-Periodic Outer Rainband Activity of Tropical Cyclones to the Surface Entropy Flux     

LI Qingqing  DUAN Yihong 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2013,27(5):636-657

The influence of outer-core surface entropy fluxes （SEFs） on tropical cyclone （TC） outer rainband activity is investigated in this study with a fully compressible,nonhydrostatic model.A control simulation and two sensitivity experiments with the outer-core SEF artificially increased and decreased by 20% respectively were conducted to examine the quasi-periodic outer rainband behavior.Larger negative horizontal advection due to the greater radial wind and the positive contribution by asymmetric eddies leads to a longer period of outer-rainband activity in the SEF-enhanced experiment.The well-developed outer rainbands in the control and SEF-reduced simulations significantly limit the TC intensity,whereas such an intensity suppression influence is not pronounced in the SEF-enhanced experiment.As diabatic heating in outer rainbands strengthens the outer-core tangential wind,the quasi-periodic activity of outer rainbands contributes to the quasi-periodic variations of the inner-core size of the TCs.  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal variation in soil seed banks under contrasting grazing regimes following low and high seasonal rainfall in arid Namibia     

N. Dreber  K.J. Esler 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(2):174-184

In arid rangelands, soil seed bank characteristics vary with rainfall patterns, livestock pressure and habitat heterogeneity. We investigated this issue by assessing spatio-temporal patterns in soil seed bank density and richness in a degraded (heavy grazing) and non-degraded (light grazing) Nama Karoo ecosystem. To account for variation in seed distribution, different microsites were compared, and the effect of diaspore size on the patterning analyzed. Long-term heavy grazing increased seed densities and species richness of the soil seed bank by favoring small-seeded and tiny-seeded annual species. The spatial patterning of the soil seed bank was, however, similar to that found under sustainable grazing. The overall seed distribution was dictated by the small-scale environmental heterogeneity, which interacted with diaspore size. Our results suggest that the degraded environment is still efficient in controlling secondary dispersal and retaining seeds. This is through low stature barriers like surface rocks, which replace the function of grazing-sensitive perennial grasses in trapping and storing small diaspores. Soil seed banks were persistent and accumulated readily-germinable seeds over time. Observed temporal pattern across the study sites indicates that both condition and sequence of preceding rainfall seasons are likely to have a profound effect on soil seed banks of subsequent years.  相似文献   

巴丹吉林沙漠典型高大沙山迎风坡粒度特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李恩菊  董治宝  赵景波 《干旱区地理》2011,34(3):471-478

风沙地貌形态与地表风动力的互馈机制研究是近年来风沙地貌学研究的热点问题.以巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山为研究对象,选取巴丹吉林沙漠东南部苏木巴润吉林以西高度约400 m的高大沙山,对其迎风坡沉积物粒度特征进行系统采样分析,研究了高大沙山迎风坡沙物质粒度由坡脚至丘顶以及表层和下层的变化规律.结果表明,沙山迎风坡表层沉积物的粒度组...  相似文献   

升降式深水网箱控制平台的尺寸设计     

郭根喜  陶启友 《广东海洋大学学报》2005,25(3):52-55

控制平台的宽度l与网箱主构架半径r正相关,设计时必须满足网箱框架外侧与平台的距离k大于零,其中:k=1-2+22r-h42+14l2+12r2-22rl,h4为控制平台高度,其受放置区水深h的制约,高度与水深的关系:h=h1+h2+h3+2h4+12H,h1为网衣缩结高度,h2为网衣底部重力装置高度,h3为重力装置到水底的距离,H为网箱放置区台风期预计最大波高。以“HDPE升降式圆形双浮管深水网箱”为应用实例,h=24 m,H=7 m,r=7.15 m,h1=7.0 m,h2=1.0 m,l=25 m,h4=5.0 m,在浪高5 m,风力10级的情况下,网箱系统工作正常。  相似文献   

Lateglacial and early Holocene palaeoclimatic reconstruction based on glacier fluctuations and equilibrium‐line altitudes at northern Folgefonna,Hardanger, western Norway     

Jostein Bakke  Svein Olaf Dahl  Atle Nesje 《第四纪科学杂志》2005,20(2):179-198

Northern Folgefonna (c. 23 km²), is a nearly circular maritime ice cap located on the Folgefonna Peninsula in Hardanger, western Norway. By combining the position of marginal moraines with AMS radiocarbon dated glacier‐meltwater induced sediments in proglacial lakes draining northern Folgefonna, a continuous high‐resolution record of variations in glacier size and equilibrium‐line altitudes (ELAs) during the Lateglacial and early Holocene has been obtained. After the termination of the Younger Dryas (c. 11 500 cal. yr BP), a short‐lived (100–150 years) climatically induced glacier readvance termed the ‘Jondal Event 1’ occurred within the ‘Preboreal Oscillation’ (PBO) c. 11 100 cal. yr BP. Bracketed to 10 550–10 450 cal. yr BP, a second glacier readvance is named the ‘Jondal Event 2’. A third readvance occurred about 10 000 cal. yr BP and corresponds with the ‘Erdalen Event 1’ recorded at Jostedalsbreen. An exponential relationship between mean solid winter precipitation and ablation‐season temperature at the ELA of Norwegian glaciers is used to reconstruct former variations in winter precipitation based on the corresponding ELA and an independent proxy for summer temperature. Compared to the present, the Younger Dryas was much colder and drier, the ‘Jondal Event 1’/PBO was colder and somewhat drier, and the ‘Jondal Event 2’ was much wetter. The ‘Erdalen Event 1’ started as rather dry and terminated as somewhat wetter. Variations in glacier magnitude/ELAs and corresponding palaeoclimatic reconstructions at northern Folgefonna suggest that low‐altitude cirque glaciers (lowest altitude of marginal moraines 290 m) in the area existed for the last time during the Younger Dryas. These low‐altitude cirque glaciers of suggested Younger Dryas age do not fit into the previous reconstructions of the Younger Dryas ice sheet in Hardanger. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献