PET图像中基于形态学和样条模型方法进行心脏的边缘提取   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

骆国程  赵永界 《CT理论与应用研究》2002,11(3):1-6

PEI在医学图份技术研究以及临床应用中正扮演着越来越重要的角色。在PEI心脏图像中，为了测量心脏对药物的吸收率，对图份中心脏边缘的提取成为测量计算的前提和关键。我们针对PEI图像心脏的边缘提取问题，从两个角度分别提出两种方法——基于数学形态学的方法和基于样条模型的方法。数学形态法是先将PEI图像二值化，再结合腐蚀和肿胀—两种数学形态学的基本操作对二值图像进行处理，最终获得结果。样条模型是用用一组点和连接每相邻两点之间的样条曲线来表示心脏边界，将边缘提取问题转化—个全局最优化问题。针对PEI心脏图像特点，我们给出了独特的能量函数作为送代的停步条件。最后，我们比较了两种方法的结果和效率，结果表明两种方法的分割效果都是令人满意的。具体来说，前种方法的特点在于简单，快速和高效；而后种方法的稳定性和鲁棒性，对PEI图像有着非常重要的意义。  相似文献   

海湾扇贝4次引种后代的表型特征和遗传分化   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘晓  孙博  张国范  王春德  章又荣  谷震  张福绥 《海洋与湖沼》2006,37(1):61-68

分析了不同时期引入到我国的4个繁育历史清晰、未发生种质混杂的海湾扇贝养殖群体成体的壳形态指标和群体遗传结构。壳表型参数分析表明,海湾扇贝北部亚种(Northernbay scallop,Argopecten irradians irradians)的浙江养殖群体(ZJ)、加拿大新布朗斯威克群体(NB)、马萨诸塞-弗吉尼亚混合群体(M-V)及海湾扇贝南部亚种(Southern bay scallop,Arg-opecten irradians concentricus)的北卡罗来那群体(NC)等不同群体间在壳形态方面存在显著差异南部亚种的NC群体壳高与壳长基本相等[壳高与壳长的比值(H/L)达0.99,壳型宽壳宽和壳长的比值(W/L)达到0.59];而北部亚种3个群体的壳长均大于壳高,其中ZJ和NB群体的壳形态尤其偏长,其H/L分别是0.92和0.90,NB群体的壳宽显著小于其他群体,W/L仅为0.36。RAPD分析结果表明,ZJ、NB、M-V、NC群体的多态位点比例分别为31.82%、29.55%、28.79%和31.82%,平均杂合度分别为0.1078、0.1134、0.0966和0.1197,表明在我国独立繁育了19代的ZJ养殖群体仍然保持了与其他群体相近的遗传多样性水平。4个群体间的遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.1892,表明其中18.92%的变异来自不同群体间的遗传差异,说明4个群体在遗传上存在着较大的分化。从遗传距离分析,ZJ与NB较近,两者间的遗传距离为0.0319,而两者与M-V间的遗传距离相对较远,分别为0.0442和0.0524;NC与M-V间的遗传距离为0.0368。这些结果表明,从原产地引种到国外时间较早的ZJ、NB等2个群体与较晚引进我国的M-V群体之间的遗传距离已超过了M-V群体(北部亚种)与NC群体(南部亚种)之间的遗传距离,说明独立繁育了近20代后,ZJ群体和NB群体均已产生了较大的遗传分化,这种分化可能有利于海湾扇贝的品种培育。  相似文献   

毛乌素沙地南缘横向沙丘粒度分布及其对风向变化的响应   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

哈斯  庄燕美  王蕾  王志 《地理科学进展》2006,25(6):42-51

在风季发生转换期间, 根据不同方向风的持续时间, 对毛乌素沙地南缘长48m, 高8m 的 横向沙丘进行了7 次断面形态测量和表面沉积物采样分析。结果表明, 横向沙丘断面形态及表面 沉积物粒度分布随区域气流方向和强度而发生变化。在沙丘各部位, 丘顶及附近两侧的沙粒活动 性强, 表面沉积物粒径及分选参数变化显著。在粒径及分选参数中, 粒径频率曲线、平均粒径和偏 度对风的作用比较敏感, 随时间的变化也明显, 利用它们的变化可以解释区域气流变化对沙丘的 影响。风向发生转换时期的短期观测和采样分析结果进一步说明采样时间是影响沙丘表面沉积 物粒度特征的重要因素。  相似文献   

哲罗鱼(Hucho tamen)消化系统胚后发育的形态与组织学的研究     

张永泉  刘奕  尹家胜  佟广香  匡友谊  徐伟 《海洋与湖沼》2010,41(3):422-428

利用形态学和连续组织切片技术,对哲罗鱼仔鱼、稚鱼和幼鱼的消化系统进行了光镜观察,描述了其消化器官发育过程中形态学和组织学结构特征。结果表明,实验水温为7—12℃时,初始孵化仔鱼消化道细而直,两端封闭,位于卵黄囊背,随着仔鱼发育消化系统结构逐渐完善。破膜后16d消化系统完全贯通,破膜34d食道发育与成鱼基本相同,明显分为粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层及浆膜层,出现3—4个粘膜褶皱;破膜2d在消化管道前端,胃开始分化,管壁较厚,可见明显的两层,胃原基细胞形成胃腔,破膜24d胃组织结构发育得较完整,由粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌肉层和浆膜层构成,出现胃腺;破膜后46d肠的组织结构与成鱼相同,粘膜层大量分布Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型粘液细胞;初孵仔鱼在肠背侧出现,与肝脏相互分开的一个独立的器官为胰腺组织。哲罗鱼破膜后26d消化系统明显分化成食道、胃、前肠、直肠以及肝脏和胰脏,破膜后36d出现幽门盲囊原基。本实验得出哲罗鱼仔鱼最佳初次投喂时间应在破膜后24—26d,即上浮后3—5d,由于破膜后46d幽门盲囊组织结构发育基本完善,可适当增加投喂量。  相似文献   

人工育苗条件下的大黄鱼胚胎发育及其仔、稚鱼形态特征与生态习性的研究   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

刘家富 《海洋科学》1999,23(6):61-65

连续观察人工育苗中同一批受精卵,在水温２３．２～２３．４℃,盐度２７．００～２７．８０条件下,经过２６ｈ３６ｍｉｎ孵出仔鱼,并继续观察仔,稚鱼发育过程中的形态特征与生态习性,还比较了不同年份与不同批次的观察资料,讨论了水温等环境条件变化的对胚胎发育的影响,以及仔,稚鱼器官发育与日龄,生长速度等关系。  相似文献   

Spontaneous tidal network formation within a constructed salt marsh: Observations and morphodynamic modelling   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

Andrea D'Alpaos  Stefano Lanzoni  Marco Marani  Andrea Bonometto  Giovanni Cecconi  Andrea Rinaldo   《Geomorphology》2007,91(3-4):186

We have monitored and analyzed, through remote sensing and ancillary field surveys, the rapid (O(1) year) development of a tidal network within a newly established artificial salt marsh in the Venice Lagoon. After the construction of the salt marsh, a network of volunteer creeks established themselves away from an artificially constructed main channel (with mean and maximum annual headward-growth rates of 11 m/yr and 18 m/yr, respectively). The rapid formation of this system of tidal creeks provides a unique opportunity to test the reliability of a model of tidal network initiation and development, previously proposed by the authors. The restored marsh presents the characteristics of a controlled environment analogous to a large-scale field laboratory, as it allows comparison of the morphologic features of real and simulated network structures under the reasonable assumption of neglecting accretion and deposition processes over the timescales of observation. Our results compare favorably with observational evidence, showing that the model proves reasonably capable of reproducing the main features of the actual channel-network patterns. The model reproduces statistical network characteristics of eco-morphodynamic and hydrodynamic relevance and captures the dominant modes of the network-incision process.  相似文献   

青海省察尔汗盐湖盐溶研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张兆广  李百贤 《盐湖研究》2008,16(3)

察尔汗盐湖是一个以卤水钾镁盐矿为主的大型的综合性盐类矿床,盐湖中有盐溶存在。主要从介绍水文地质背景开始来探讨盐溶的成因、分布规律、发展过程及对矿床的影响等问题。  相似文献   

锯缘青蟹Scylla serrata幼体形态观察     

曾朝曙  李少菁  曾辉 《广东海洋大学学报》2001,21(2):1-6

描述了锯缘青蟹各期幼体的外部形态.青蟹在环境条件不适、营养不良情况下,会出现异常的额外的第六期蚤状幼体.绘图表达了各期幼体重要特征.  相似文献   

Hillslope coupled stream morphology,flow conditions,and their effects on detrital sedimentology in Garnet Canyon,Teton Range,Wyoming     

Lisa M.Tranel 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(4):1193-1202

Characterizing stream erosion in any steep mountain landscape is arduous, but the challenge level increases when the stream flows through a glaciated catchment frequently modified by hillslope debris.Glacial landforms and stochastic mass wasting in alpine systems may interfere with sediment delivery to downstream sites where detrital sediments are often collected to represent upstream bedrock sources.To use detrital sediments as indicators of erosion, we need to understand potential sediment accumulation in flat glaciated reaches or behind rockfall barriers. This study investigates the stream channel in Garnet Canyon, a glaciated catchment located in the central Teton Range, to describe hillslope coupled channel morphology and the subsequent effects on sediment transport throughout the catchment.Stream cross-section surveys and sediment size measurements of the surface bedload were collected in the field within a glacially flattened segment of Garnet Canyon. Calculations of shear stress conditions allowed evaluation of the importance of mineral densities on potential grain entrainment. The length of the Garnet Canyon stream observed in this study was coupled with hillslope deposits. Critical shear stresses were sufficient to move gravel-sized sediments through all sections when calculated with quartz mineral density and through most sections when applying apatite mineral density. These results verify the application of detrital sediments to evaluate erosion rates or spatial bedrock sources because snowmelt stream flow efficiently moves entrained sediment past glacially reduced slopes and potential talus barriers.  相似文献   

Characterization of tephras dispersed by the recent eruptions of volcanoes Calbuco (1961), Chaitén (2008) and Cordón Caulle Complex (1960 and 2011), in Northern Patagonia     

《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2014

Pyroclastic materials dispersed in recent volcanic eruptions in Northern Patagonia were analysed in order to characterize the volcanic provenance by the geochemical fingerprint. The volcanic products studied were dispersed by eruptions of volcanoes Calbuco in 1961, Chaitén in 2008, and Cordón Caulle Volcanic Complex (CCVC) in 1960 and 2011. The geochemical characterization was based on the determination of 35 major and trace elements by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis, including geochemical tracer such as Rare Earth Elements (REE). The study of the pyroclastic products also included the morphological analysis by petrographic and scanning electron microscopy, and the mineralogical characterization by X-ray diffraction.Geochemical tracers determined in the glass fraction of the dispersed pyroclastic materials allowed a clear discrimination of the three volcanoes that gave origin to the tephras, the three of them with different evolution degree. Tephras from 1960 and 2011 CCVC eruptions showed the same geochemical signature. The geochemical parameters providing the differential characterization are the normalized REE and multi-element patterns, the Eu anomaly, the heavy to light and medium to light REE normalized ratios, and the Cs, Sc, Rb, Ta and Th concentrations. The bulk glassy fraction showed the same composition for each volcanic eruption in samples collected even in distant sites (from 100 to 220 km in Chaitén, 2008, and from 80 to 650 km in CCVC 2011), attesting to be the most reliable material for correlation purposes.According to the mineralogy, cristobalite was found in volcano Chaitén tephra as an indicator of such origin. Arsenic, an element of environmental interest, exhibited concentrations ranging from 6 to 16 μg g⁻¹, with the highest values corresponding to Puyehue–Cordón Caulle and Chaitén products.  相似文献