Navigating climate crises in the Great Barrier Reef     

《Global Environmental Change》2022

A dramatic escalation of extreme climate events is challenging the capacity of environmental governance regimes to sustain and improve ecosystem outcomes. It has been argued that actors within adaptive governance regimes can help to steer environmental systems toward sustainability in times of crisis. Yet there is little empirical evidence of how acute climate crises are navigated by actors operating within adaptive governance regimes, and the factors that influence their responses. Here, we qualitatively assessed the actions key governance actors took in response to back-to-back mass coral bleaching – an extreme climate event – of the Great Barrier Reef in 2016 and 2017, and explored their perceptions of barriers and catalysts to these responses. This research was, in part, a product of collaboration and knowledge co-production with Great Barrier Reef governance actors aimed at improving responses to climate crises in the region. We found five major categories of activity that actors engaged with in the wake of recurrent mass coral bleaching: assessing the scale and extent of bleaching, sharing information, communicating bleaching to the public, building local resilience, and addressing global threats. These actions were both catalyzed and hindered by a range of factors that fall within different domains of adaptive capacity; such as assets, social organization, and agency. We discuss the implications of our findings as they relate to existing research on adaptive capacity and adaptive governance. We conclude by coalescing insights from our interviews and a participant engagement process to highlight four key ways in which the ability of governance actors, and the Great Barrier Reef governance regime more broadly, can be better prepared for, and more effectively respond to extreme climate events. Our research provides empirical insight into how crises are experienced by governance actors in a large-scale environmental system, potentially providing lessons for similar systems across the globe.  相似文献   

多点激励下连续桥梁地震响应特性研究     

何浩祥  闫维明 《地震学刊》2011,(1):44-49

地震动在强度和频率等方面均具有非平稳特性,导致多跨桥梁的动力响应非常复杂。为了研究多跨连续桥梁在多点地震动激励下的反应,首先提出了评价多点地震动非平稳性的3个指标：幅值绝对值的标准差、方向离散度和穿零率。根据桥梁多点激励运动方程的特点,阐述了广义振型参与系数矩阵的意义,及其与传统振型参与系数矩阵的联系和区别。根据多点地震动非平稳性的特性,对不同支点施加异向及不同幅值的位移或加速度,研究了不同跨数连续梁桥的多点激励响应规律。结果表明,随着连续梁桥跨数的增多,桥梁在多点地震激励下的响应趋于复杂多变,受具体地震动的非平稳性影响越发明显。  相似文献   

西藏申扎县野生动物旅游社区参与模式研究     

唐承财  向宝惠  钟林生  成升魁 《地理与地理信息科学》2011,27(5):104-108

西藏申扎县野生动物旅游资源丰富,发展野生动物旅游可促进色林错国家级自然保护区的资源环境保护与申扎县社会经济可持续发展。分析申扎县野生动物旅游发展的基础与现状,提出野生动物旅游社区参与发展的理念和原则,从管理经营、资源环境保护、产品生态化开发、利益合理分配四方面构建申扎县野生动物旅游的社区参与模式,并探讨其保障机制。研究成果可为西藏申扎县野生动物旅游持续发展及其它地区野生动物旅游发展提供理论指导与案例借鉴。  相似文献   

Local permit ownership in Alaska salmon fisheries     

Gunnar Knapp 《Marine Policy》2011

Changes in ownership of limited entry permits by “local” residents of the region where a fishery occurs may have significant economic and social implications for fishery-dependent regions. This paper examines changes in local permit ownership in Alaska salmon fisheries, for which a long-term decline in rural local permit ownership is an important policy concern. Theoretically, permit markets allocate permits over time to the individuals who are willing to pay the most for them. Any factors that differentially affect what local and non-local residents are willing to pay for permits may affect the equilibrium share of permits held by local residents. For remote rural fisheries in particular, these may include differences between local and non-local residents with respect to access to and costs of financing permits and boats, costs of travel to the fishery, opportunity costs of participation in the fishery, and many other factors. As a fishery increases in profitability, differences between local and non-local residents in access to financing matter more while differences in costs of travel and opportunity costs matter less in the relative ranking of what local and non-local residents are willing to pay for permits. This tends to increase the share of non-local residents among buyers willing to pay the market price for permits, reducing the equilibrium share of permits held by local residents. This leads to a conflict between two important policy goals: increasing fishery profitability and maintaining rural local permit ownership. Consistent with predictions of this theory, the local share of permit ownership in Alaska salmon fisheries is negatively related to permit prices (an indicator of fishery profitability).  相似文献   

古村落社区旅游参与度及影响因素——西递、宏村、南屏比较研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨效忠  张捷  唐文跃  卢松 《地理科学》2008,28(3):445-451

以社区家庭为视角,建立基于利益导向的社区旅游参与水平测度指标,以皖南古村落西递、宏村、南屏为实证研究对象,揭示了古村落社区旅游参与度异同及其影响机理。研究结果表明:① 古村落内部、古村落之间的旅游参与度均有不同程度的差异,归因为家庭微观因子与社区中观因子交互作用所致。② 通过家庭微观因子对家庭人均旅游收入影响的通径系数分析,得出三个景区相应的直接通径系数和间接通径系数,发现古村落家庭微观因子的影响方向趋同而影响程度分异,与问卷调查结果分析的一致性也显示了该方法的较强解释力和潜在应用价值。③ 提高古村落社区旅游参与整体水平、缓解参与度空间差异的根本途径在于"让利于民",增强社区分利能力,政府在其中扮演着重要的引导角色。  相似文献   

Anthropogenic debris on beaches in the SE Pacific (Chile): Results from a national survey supported by volunteers     

Macarena Bravo  Mª de los ngeles Gallardo  Guillermo Luna-Jorquera  Paloma Núez  Nelson Vsquez  Martin Thiel 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(11):1718-1726

Anthropogenic marine debris (AMD) is an ubiquitous problem, which has motivated public participation in activities such as beach surveys and clean-up campaigns. While it is known that beaches in the SE Pacific are also affected by this problem, the quantities and types of AMD remain largely unknown. In the context of an outreach project, volunteers (1500 high-school students) participated in a nation-wide survey of AMD on 43 beaches distributed randomly along the entire Chilean coast (18°S to 53°S). The mean density of AMD was 1.8 items m⁻² and the major types were plastics, cigarette butts and glass. Densities in central Chile were lower than in northern and southern Chile, which could be due to different attitudes of beach users or to intense beach cleaning in central regions. We suggest that public participation in surveys and cleaning activities will raise awareness and thereby contribute to an improvement of the situation.  相似文献   

农户参与湿地旅游意愿的影响因素分析——以黑龙江省三江国家级自然保护区为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张春丽  闫万山  佟连军 《湿地科学》2009,7(4):363-367

依据黑龙江省三江国家级自然保护区内11个村屯310户的问卷调查数据,采用Logistic模型对影响农户参与湿地旅游意愿的影响因子进行定量分析。结果表明,农户参与湿地旅游的意愿受内、外部综合因素影响,户主年龄、对旅游的认知程度、拥有投资资金的量、增加就业机会、提高当地收入、农户参与的可行性、旅游资源情况和当地政府态度是主要的影响因素。针对农户最关心的问题和主要影响因子,提出了考虑农户的经济利益、建立完善的社区参与管理模式、科学规划等促进农户参与湿地旅游措施。  相似文献   

国家物资储备系统参与应急救灾探讨     

邹俊义  李威  杨子健 《国际地震动态》2009,(12):23-27

国家物资储备系统利用独特的仓储设施优势,积极参与抗震救灾工作,展现了参与应急救灾工作的优势,发挥了应对突发事件的重要功能,暴露了参与应急救灾工作中存在的一些问题。国家物资储备系统可以扬长避短发挥优势,从充分利用物资储备仓储设施、组建具有储备管理经验的应急救灾队伍、开展应急救灾物资储备、发挥物资储备物流体系优势等方面,开展应急救灾工作。  相似文献   

关于结构振型参与系数和振型贡献的分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙广俊  李爱群 《地震学刊》2009,(5):485-490

采用振型分解反应谱法求解多自由度弹性体系的地震反应时,为了在满足所需计算精度的前提下减少工作量,需要对振型数量进行合理的选择,而振型数的确定主要取决于结构各阶振型对总体反应的贡献。通过数学推导,对振型贡献及振型数量的选择问题进行了研究。首先,讨论了振型参与系数的性质,在此基础上给出了能够反映结构振型贡献参数的数学表达式,对这些参数的力学含义进行了解释,并给出了相关证明;其次,对有效质量法、振型位移控制法等基于不同振型贡献标准的确定振型数的方法进行了分析比较,指出了其合理性和不足。本文研究对进一步理解结构振型贡献和振型数的选择问题具有一定的理论意义。  相似文献   

New developments in and reflections on, the use of visual literacy and environmental evaluation for the participation of community groups in design     

Ombretta Romice 《GeoJournal》2000,51(4):311-319

Involving community groups in the design processes concerning their city or neighbourhood, can play a role in creating responsive environments and achieving a high level of satisfaction for communities.Interaction between clients and professionals is essential to encourage the resolution of disputes at the design stage rather than once actions have been taken, since their different roles and expertise could enrich the process of interaction.This study supports the idea of a form of participation based on research in environmental experience. Visual literacy is trained, and a combination of environmental assessment techniques and informative activities are linked to encourage community groups and professionals to work together on the generation and development of observational and analytical skills.The aim is to generate a structure for the involvement of local communities in urban renewal actions as an informed, organised and effective activity and then, to apply this approach in praxis.  相似文献