大沽河口悬浮泥沙遥感模式实验研究     

陈涛  孙培光  吴曙初  辛海英 《海洋科学进展》1993,(1)

河口悬浮泥沙反射率渡谱特性研究是悬浮泥沙遥感定量分析的基础工作。不同水域悬浮泥沙物质成份、粒径分布和浓度的不同,其相应的反射率波谱特性也有所差异。对此,国内外尚未建立起具有普适型的算法模式,用以处理不同水域的悬浮泥沙遥感问题。鉴于此,我们于1991年9月6～11日对胶州湾大沽河口区进行了现场悬浮泥沙波谱特性实验。由此建立了大沽河口悬浮泥沙落度SSC与陆地卫星TM_3和TM_4渡段相应的光谱反射率之间的数学模式。经过相关分析和误差分析的检验证明,由模式计算所得结果是令人满意的。  相似文献   

Two-dimensional numerical simulation for transport and fate of oil spills in seas     

S.D. Wang  Y.M. Shen  Y.H. Zheng 《Ocean Engineering》2005,32(13):339-1571

  相似文献   

东海不同底质类型海域春季悬浮体通量及影响因素   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7  

雷坤  杨作升; 郭志刚; 白虹  郭志刚  白虹 《海洋与湖沼》2001,32(1):50-57

利用1994年4月在东海陆架不同底质类型海域即泥质和砂质区的水文和泥沙观测资料，分析和计算了两个站的悬浮体含量的分布、余流分布和悬浮体通量，以代表两个局部海域悬浮体含量分布和输送的特征。结果表明，在底质类型、生物活动、水动力环境和悬浮体物源各因素的影响下，两个海域的悬浮体通量和悬浮体含量垂直分布各有其特征，是东海悬浮体输送和垂直分布的两种典型类型。111站周围海域的悬浮体通量较大，上、中层水体（0－40m)中的悬浮体向东南方向输送，下层和底层的悬浮体向东北方向输送，且下层和底层的通量大于中上层；砂质区的悬浮体通量相对较小，且从表层到底层均向东北方向运移。  相似文献   

南黄海海水中悬浮体分布的水动力因素统计分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

吴晓涛 《海洋科学》1995,19(1):59-64

以１９８３年１１月和１９８４年７月的南黄海中美沉积动力学联合调查的悬浮体原始资料为基础，同时结合南黄海水文气象资料，对该海域进行了悬浮体沉积动力学分区。通过对悬浮体含量与水文象因素的统计分析。得知潮流因子是决定南黄海海水中悬浮体平面分布的主要相关因子，但冬季风暴对悬浮体含量的普遍提高具有决定性的影响，且风因子在冬季对悬浮体含量的提高在整个研究区内的表现并不均匀，它同其他优动因子一起，在一定程度上破  相似文献   

台湾地区湖泊水库悬浮颗粒有机质之碳、氢、氧、氮、硫元素计量分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄炳达  陈镇东 《海洋与湖沼》1994,25(1):29-37

对台湾地区１８个湖泊水库水体中悬浮颗粒有机质之碳，氢，氧，氮，硫和叶绿素α的含量进行了分析，其中ＰＯＯ乃首度以元素分析仪直接测量。结果为，ＰＯＣ，ＰＯＨ，ＰＯＯ，ＰＯＮ，ＰＯＳ含量分别介于１３８－８３７０μｇ／Ｌ，１３．７－９２６．１μｇ／Ｌ，３１－２６２３μｍ／Ｌ，１４－１２６５μｇ／Ｌ，１．９－４９．７μｇ／Ｌ之间，Ｃｈ１．ａ含量则介于０．３１－９６．７５μｇ／Ｌ之间，ＰＯＭ元素间原子数关系为  相似文献   

River flux uncertainties predicted by hydrological variability and riverine material behaviour     

Florentina Moatar  Michel Meybeck  Sébastien Raymond  François Birgand  Florence Curie 《水文研究》2013,27(25):3535-3546

Data on riverine fluxes are essential for calculating element cycles (carbon, nutrients, pollutants) and erosion rates from regional to global scales. At most water‐quality stations throughout the world, riverine fluxes are calculated from continuous flow data (q) and discrete concentration data (C), the latter being the main cause of sometimes large uncertainties. This article offers a comprehensive approach for predicting the magnitude of these uncertainties for water‐quality stations in medium to large basins (drainage basin area > 1000 km²) based on the commonly used discharge‐weighted method. Uncertainty levels – biases and imprecisions – for sampling intervals of 3 to 60 days are correlated first through a nomograph with a flux variability indicator, the quantity of riverine material discharged in 2% of time (M_2%). In turn, M_2% is estimated from the combination of a hydrological reactivity index, W_2% (the cumulative flow volume discharged during the upper 2% of highest daily flow) and the truncated b_50sup exponent, quantifying the concentration versus discharge relationship for the upper half of flow values (C = a q ^b50sup, for q > q₅₀, where q₅₀ is the median flow): M_2% = W_2% + 27.6b_50sup. W_2% can be calculated from continuous flow measurements, and the b_50sup indicator can be calculated from infrequent sampling, which makes it possible to predict a priori the level of uncertainty at any station, for any type of riverine material either concentrated (b_50sup > 0) or diluted (b_50sup > 0) with flow. A large data base of daily surveys, 125 station variables of suspended particulate matter (SPM), total dissolved solids (TDS) and dissolved and particulate nutrients, was used to determine uncertainties from simulated discrete surveys and to establish relationships between indicators. Results show, for example, that for the same relatively reactive basin (W_2% > 25%), calculated fluxes from monthly sampling would yield uncertainties approaching ±100% for SPM (b_50sup > 1.4) fluxes and ±10% for TDS (b_50sup = ?0.2). The application to the nitrate survey of the river Seine shows significant trends for the 1972–2009 records. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Effect of placer mining on suspended sediment in reaches of sensitive fish habitat     

S. B. Pentz  R. A. Kostaschuk 《Environmental Geology》1999,37(1-2):78-89

 The McQuesten River system in central Yukon Territory, Canada, contains placer mines and reaches of sensitive fish habitat. Suspended sediment is supplied to the system by erosion of previously mined disturbed areas, bank erosion, resuspension of placer sediment deposited on bars, and active placer-mine discharges. Direct discharge from active placer mines did not have a large impact on suspended sediment in reaches of sensitive fish habitat in 1994–1995, although only two mines were active and concentrations did periodically exceed water quality objectives. Erosion of previously mined disturbed areas had a pronounced effect on suspended sediment during spring snowmelt and summer rainstorms in 1994–1995. Deposits in previously mined areas should be stabilized to reduce erosion and its downstream impact on fish habitat. Received: 10 November 1997 · Accepted: 30 March 1998  相似文献   

An assessment of soil erosion and freshwater suspended solid estimates for continental‐scale environmental modelling     

A. Pistocchi 《水文研究》2008,22(13):2292-2314

  相似文献   

Transport and dispersion of particulate Hg associated with a river plume in coastal Northern Adriatic environments     

Covelli S  Piani R  Acquavita A  Predonzani S  Faganeli J 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,55(10-12):436-450

The role of suspended particulate matter (SPM) as an important carrier of mercury (Hg) dispersed into the Gulf of Trieste and in the adjacent Grado lagoon (Northern Adriatic Sea) was studied during a high Isonzo River inflow and the resulting river plume formation. Despite the fact that extreme flood events are rare during the year, they account for most of the PHg influx (37-112 ngL(-1)) into the Gulf of Trieste. When the river plume is diverted to the SW under the influence of an E-NE wind, the tidal flux acts as a "transport belt" carrying the PHg, mostly inorganic, into the Grado lagoon. A preliminary estimation indicates that the amount of PHg entrapped in the lagoon basin following a tidal semi-cycle accounts for 1.4 kg/12h, which corresponds to about 49% of the total Hg carried by the tidal flow. These findings should be considered in future remediation strategies in the lagoon environment.  相似文献   

Lipid biomarkers in suspended particles from a subtropical estuary: assessment of seasonal changes in sources and transport of organic matter   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xu Y  Jaffé R 《Marine environmental research》2007,64(5):666-678

Temporal and spatial variations in the composition of particulate organic matter (POM) from Florida Bay, USA were examined. The predominance of short-chain homologues for n-alkanes, n-alcohols and n-fatty acids as well as relatively high abundance of C(27) and C(28) sterols suggested that an autochthonous/marine source of OM was dominant bay-wide. Several biomarker proxies such as P(aq) [(C(23)+C(25))/(C(23)+C(25)+C(29)+C(31)) n-alkanes], short/long chain n-alkanes, (C(29)+C(31)) n-alkanes and taraxerol indicated a spatial shift in OM sources, where terrestrial OM rapidly decreased while seagrass and microbial OM markedly increased along a northeastern to southwestern transect. Regarding seasonal variations, POM collected during the dry season was enriched in terrestrial constituents relative to the wet season, likely as a result of reduced primary productivity of planktonic species and seagrasses during the dry season. Principal component analysis (PCA) classified the sample set into sub-groups based on PC1 which seemed to be spatially controlled by OM origin (terrestrial-mangrove vs. marine-planktonic/seagrass). The PC2 seemed to be more seasonally controlled suggesting that hydrological fluctuations and seasonal primary productivity are the drivers controlling the POM composition in Florida Bay.  相似文献