山东莱州浅滩地区沉积特征与沉积作用          下载免费PDF全文

王庆  战超  商杰  宋传广  仲少云  刘亚龙  王红艳 《海洋与湖沼》2011,42(3):337-342

通过系统采集海底表层沉积样品进行粒度测试分析,对现代莱州浅滩地区的沉积类型、粒度特征、泥沙搬运方式、运移趋势及沉积动力、沉积机制进行了研究。结果表明,莱州浅滩是形成于松散碎屑堆积海岸岬角岸外的砂砾质水下沙洲／沙脊,它的形成深刻改变了浅滩地区原有的沉积动力和机制,在浅滩两侧海域各自形成了大致对称的潮余环流,分别与两个主要...  相似文献   

Model tree approach for prediction of pile groups scour due to waves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Etemad-Shahidi  N. Ghaemi 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(13):1522-1527

Scour around piles could endanger the stability of the structures placed on them. Hence, an accurate estimation of the scour depth around piles is very important in coastal and marine engineering. Due to the complex interaction between the wave, seabed and pile group; prediction of the scour depth is not an easy task and the available empirical formulas have limited accuracy. Recently, soft computing methods such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) have been used for the prediction of the scour depth. However, these methods do not give enough insight about the process and are not as easy to use as the empirical equations. In this study, new formulas are given that are easy to use, accurate and physically sound. Available empirical equations for estimating the pile group scour depth such as those of Sumer et al. (1992) and Bayram and Larson (2000), are less accurate compared to the given equations. These equations are as accurate as other soft computing methods such as ANN and SVM. Moreover, in this study, safety factors are given for different levels of acceptable risks, which can be so useful for engineers.  相似文献   

Dynamic factor analysis considering elastic boom effects in heavy lifting operations     

Kwang-Phil Park  Ju-Hwan Cha  Kyu-Yeul Lee 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(10):1100-1113

The dynamic factor is the ratio of the maximum dynamic load to the static load acting on the wire ropes between the boom of a floating crane and a cargo. In this paper, the dynamic factor is analyzed based on dynamic simulations of a floating crane and a cargo, considering an elastic boom. For the simulation, we designed a multibody system that consists of a floating crane barge, an elastic boom, and a cargo connected to the boom through wire ropes. The dynamic equations of motion of the system are based on flexible multibody system dynamics. Six-degree-of-freedom motions are considered for the floating crane and for the cargo, and three-dimensional deformations for the elastic boom. The hydrostatic force, the hydrodynamic force, the gravitational force, and the wire rope forces are considered as external forces. The dynamic factor is obtained by numerically solving the equation. The effects of the elastic boom on heavy cargo lifting are discussed by comparing the simulation results of an elastic boom and a rigid boom.  相似文献   

多道瞬态瑞雷波法在地基强夯质量检测中的应用探讨     

苑永健  李昌存 《城市地质》2011,6(3):43-46

为了提高地基承载力,减少填土的不均匀沉降,对软土地基进行强夯加固是一种十分经济有效的地基处理方法。在沿海地区,填海工程和低丘整平地基处理中,大量使用强夯法。因此,强夯地基效果的检测十分重要。本文通过对多道瑞雷波法理论以及在强务地基检测应用效果的探讨,采用加权平均值法统计各测试．最地基土的承载力特征值,对整个测区的强夯效果进行全面评价。  相似文献   

郑州市地下水源热泵应用适宜性与环境影响分析     

田良河  刘新号  闫震鹏  焦红军  杨坡  谭菊萍 《城市地质》2011,6(4):51-56

本文在分析郑州市现有地温空调系统应用的基础上,从水文地质条件、浅层地温场特征、经济效益等方面分析了郑州市地下水源热泵应用的适宜性,研究了热泵运行对地下水环境的影响,认为地下水源热泵应用效果较好,经济社会效益明显,适宜推广应用,为城市地下水源热泵发展应用提供了依据。  相似文献   

A one-year (2005) comparison of seawater temperature series between in situ and modelling data: Application to the Strait of Bonifacio (South Corsica)     

Olivia Gerigny  Bernard Di Martino  Jean-Claude Romano  Caroline Ulses 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2011,343(4):278-283

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北京密云元古宙常州沟组之下环斑花岗岩古风化壳岩石的发现及其碎屑锆石年龄   总被引：18，自引：1，他引：17  

和政军  牛宝贵  张新元  赵磊  刘仁燕 《地质通报》2011,30(5):798-802

在北京密云地区,最近发现环斑花岗岩(脉)上发育有古风化壳,并被长城系常州沟组砂岩覆盖。风化壳物质的组成主要为来自环斑花岗岩的原地风化残留物和粗碎屑岩,采用SHRIMP和LA-ICP-MS方法,分别获得环斑花岗岩古风化壳碎屑岩的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄值为(1682±20)Ma、(1708±6)Ma等,与相邻的密云环斑花岗岩年龄相同。这套古风化壳碎屑岩的存在和测年结果显示,长城系常州沟组的底界年龄应小于1682Ma。  相似文献   

The strengthening East Australian Current, its eddies and biological effects — an introduction and overview     

Iain M. Suthers  Jock W. YoungMark E. Baird  Moninya RoughanJason D. Everett  Gary B. BrassingtonMaria Byrne  Scott A. CondieJason R. Hartog  Christel S. HasslerAlistair J. Hobday  Neil J. HolbrookHamish A. Malcolm  Peter R. OkePeter A. Thompson  Ken Ridgway 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2011,58(5):538-546

The poleward flowing East Australian Current (EAC) is characterised by its separation from the coast, 100-200 nautical miles north of Sydney, to form the eastward flowing Tasman Front and a southward flowing eddy field. The separation zone greatly influences coastal ecosystems for the relatively narrow continental shelf (only 15-50 km wide), particularly between 32-34°S. In this region the continental shelf has a marked shift in the seasonal temperature-salinity relationship and elevated surface nitrate concentrations. This current parallels the portion of the coast where Australia’s population is concentrated and has a long history of scientific research. However, understanding of physical and biological processes driven by the EAC, particularly in linking circulation to ecosystems, is limited. In this special issue of 16 papers on the EAC, we examine the effects of climatic wind-stress forced ocean dynamics on EAC transport variability and coastal sea level, from ENSO to multi-decadal time scales; eddy formation and structure; fine scale connectivity and larval retention. Comparisons with the poleward-flowing Leeuwin Current on Australia’s west coast show differences in ecosystem productivity that can be attributed to the underlying physics in each region. On average there is double the chlorophyll a concentration on the east coast than the west. In comparison to the Leeuwin, the EAC may have less local retention of larvae and act as a partial barrier to onshore transport, which may also be related to the local spawning and early life history of small pelagic fish on each coast. Inter-annual variations in the EAC transport produce a detectable sea-level signal in Sydney Harbour, which could provide a useful fisheries index as does the Fremantle sea level and Leeuwin Current relationship. The EAC’s eddy structure and formation by the EAC are examined. A particular cold-core eddy is shown to have a “tilt” towards the coast, and that during a rotation the flow of particles may rise up to the euphotic zone and then down beneath. In a warm-core eddy, surface flooding is shown to produce a new shallower surface mixed layer and promote algal growth. An assessment of plankton data from 1938-1942 showed that the local, synoptic conditions had to be incorporated before any comparison with the present. There are useful relationships of water mass characteristics in the Tasman Sea and separation zone with larval fish diversity and abundance, as well as with long-line fisheries. These fisheries-pelagic habitat relationships are invaluable for fisheries management, as well as for climate change assessments.There is further need to examine the EAC influence on rainfall, storm activity, dust deposition, and on the movements by fish, sharks and whales. The Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) has provided new infrastructure to determine the changing behaviour of the EAC and its bio-physical interaction with the coasts and estuaries. The forecasting and hindcasting capability developed under the Bluelink project has provided a new tool for data synthesis and dynamical analysis. The impact of a strengthening EAC and how it influences the livelihoods of over half the Australian population, from Brisbane to Sydney, Hobart and Melbourne, is just being realised.  相似文献   

GPS接收机测量位移方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

齐占辉  张锁平  张东亮  范有明 《海洋技术学报》2011,30(3):35-39,46

首先介绍了全球定位系统(GPS)的工作原理;然后给出了利用多普勒频偏原理测量GPS接收机天线位移的方法;最后通过现场实验,对比GPS接收机天线的运动轨迹曲线和红球的运动轨迹曲线,验证了该测量位移方法的可行性.  相似文献   

黄海绿潮应急溯源数值模拟初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴玲娟  曹丛华  黄娟  曹雅静  高松  白涛 《海洋科学集刊》2011,50(6):44-47

基于三维全动力POM 海洋模式, 根据2008 年6 月1 日海监飞机监测绿潮所在位置, 采用拉格朗日粒子追踪法反向积分, 追溯绿潮来源。数值模拟结果显示, 回溯至5 月中旬, 绿潮主要来源于黄海南部江苏连云港和盐城近海海域。黄海绿潮溯源数值模拟, 为政府相关部门了解绿潮的源头, 并采取相应的措施提供依据, 进而为保护生态环境、防灾减灾做贡献。  相似文献