Hierarchical classification with subsequent aggregation of heathland habitats using an intra-annual RapidEye time-series     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Mapping heathland habitats is generally challenging due to fine-scale habitats as well as spectral ambiguities between different classes. A multi-seasonal time-series of multispectral RapidEye data from several phenological stages was analysed towards the classification of different vegetation communities.A 3-level hierarchical dependent classification using Import Vector Machines was tested, based on the assumption that a probabilistic output per class would help the mapping. The first level of the hierarchical classification was related to the moisture gradient, which was derived from Ellenberg’s moisture indicative value. The second level aimed to separate plant alliances; the third level differentiated individual plant associations.For the final integration of the three classification levels, two approaches were implemented: (i) the F1-score and (ii) the maximum classification probability. The overall classification accuracies of both methods were found to be similar, around 0.7.Nevertheless, based on our expert knowledge we found the probabilistic approach to provide a more realistic picture and to be more practical compared to the result using the F1-score from the management point of view. In addition, the overall performance of the maximum probabilistic approach is better in the sense that the same accuracy of 0.7 was achieved with a differentiation of 33 classes instead of only 13 classes for the F1-score, meaning that the method is able to separate more spectral classes at a more detailed level providing the same accuracy.  相似文献   

在鄱阳湖南矶山自然保护区建立鲤、鲫种质资源库的可行性探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡茂林  吴志强  刘引兰  吴文静  邓梦颖  喻忠彪  胡向萍 《海洋湖沼通报》2009,(1)

南矾山自然保护区位于鄱阳湖主湖区南部,地处赣江北支、中支和南支汇入鄱阳湖开放水域冲积形成的三角洲前缘,总面积为33300hm2.据调查,该保护区具有以下优势:(1)水质好,溶解氧为6.47～7.72mg/L,透明度为20～30cm;(2)水生生物丰富;(3)鱼类种类繁多,共6目14科58种;(4)鲤、鲫资源丰富,为优势种,其年产量约占水产品总产量的50%;(5)它们的染色体均为二倍体;(6)对鲤、鲫的同工酶和随机扩增多态DNA分析,显示它们均具有丰富的遗传多样性.因此,本文认为有必要在鄱阳湖建立我国首个野生鲤、鲫种质资源库,而南矾山自然保护区是理想的场所.  相似文献   

生态旅游的大气及水环境效应——以滇西北碧塔海自然保护区为例   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

杨桂华  文传浩  王跃华 《山地学报》2002,20(6):752-756

通过对碧塔海自然保护区在1999年旅游淡旺季的两次环境监测,分析结果表明：生态旅游项目的开展对保护区内地而水中细菌总数、大肠菌群、BOD5以及地下水水质中细菌总数、硝酸盐氮指标有较大影响,其中大肠菌群在第二次监测中均已接近国家Ⅱ类水标准。保护区内环境噪声、空气质量及地面上、地下水水质其他指标没有明显变化。部分指标如SO2、NOx、TSP等还在第一次基础上有所改善。同时本文建议在今后保护区开展生态旅游时应建立长期的环境监测点;建立综合系统的旅游环境承载力考核指标体系,以及进一步深化保护区开发生态旅游中的社区参与和资金引进机制。  相似文献   

辽宁地区震群序列性质的研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

孙文福  王玉莹  李芳 《地震》2000,20(4):63-68

利用经验类比的方法, 对 1999年 11月岫岩偏岭震群序列及以往在辽宁地区发生一些典型的具有地震预报意义的前兆震群和前震序列进行了详细研究。 结果显示, 前兆震群与前震序列之间差别很大, 其性质和前兆特征迥然不同。 1999年 11月岫岩 5. 6级地震震前序列与 1975 年海城 7. 3级地震前震序列特征及性质相同, 属于前震序列。 同时, 研究结果中也包含了判别地震序列性质的方法和须要注意的问题。  相似文献   

中国砂金矿床吨位-品位模型   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

魏民  刘红光  王学平  赵精满  杨丽沛 《地质科技情报》2000,19(2):43-44,50

矿床品位－吨位模型研究属于学科前沿领域,它是系统勘查理论的重要组成部分。依据“１９９７年全国矿产储量数据库”资料,对全国３９４个砂金矿床建立了地质模型、品位模型、吨位－品位联合模型,模型类型包括频率直方图、累积频率分布图;分别总结了砂金矿床品位及吨位分布的典型数学地质特征。  相似文献   

向海自然保护区鹤类生境优化水位的模拟   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张艳红  刘兆礼  邓伟  张树文  翟金良 《地理学报》2003,58(2):263-270

芦苇面积,苇下水位变动和邻近水域大小等是影响鹤类生境选择的重要因子,通过建立向海地区的数字高程模型 (DEM),将其与从遥感影像上获取的向海湿地景观信息在ARC/INFO模块下进行空间叠加分析,建立了水位与芦苇分布的动态关系。通过模拟得出：当湿地水位达到165 m时,鹤类可选择的生境面积最大,为981.2hm²。此外,本文还模拟了不同水位以上芦苇面积的等级分布规律。该模拟结果对于向海自然保护区鹤类生境的优化管理及主要供水源向海水库的科学管理具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

Factors that influence the entry–exit decision and intensity of participation of fishing fleet for the Galapagos lobster fishery     

《Marine Policy》2014

The Galapagos Islands are a prime example of a place where fishery management policies have been established without first understanding the behavior of fishermen. Since the creation of the Galapagos Marine Reserve in 1998, there has not been a single study in the archipelago that investigates fishing behavior and the factors affecting this behavior. This paper addresses this gap in the literature by describing and analyzing the decisions of the fishing fleet for the red spiny lobster fishery. It focuses on factors that affect the short-term decisions regarding both participation and intensity of participation in the lobster fishery. This paper finds that the fishing fleet in the Galapagos Islands behaves as profit maximizing firms, because they consider all the benefits and costs that affect both their participation decision as well as their decision about how frequently to be active after they have decided to participate. The results also show that there is a large latent effort in the lobster fisheries that could threaten the sustainability of any initiatives aimed at increasing catchability, prices, or markets. It is expected that this analysis will be valuable to policy makers when designing or improving the management plans for Galapagos fisheries.  相似文献   

基于C5.0决策树算法的元胞自动机的洪河湿地演化模拟     

于振华  万鲁河 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(5):22-24

以洪河自然保护区1992年、2001年、2010年三期TM遥感影像为数据源,利用C5.0决策树算法从已有的数据及其影响因子数据中挖掘出洪河湿地的演变规则,并将获得的转换规则应用到元胞自动机模型中进行洪河湿地演变的动态模拟与预测,分析和探讨了元胞自动机模型在湿地景观模拟和预测中的重要作用。结果表明,在现有的空间变量和条件不变的情况下,在未来的洪河自然保护区湿地面积将减小,洪河自然保护区干旱化将加重。通过对湿地景观的动态变化模拟和预测研究,能够较好地反映湿地景观的动态变化情况。  相似文献   

Natura 2000 and the European Common Fisheries Policy     

Heino O. Fock 《Marine Policy》2011

The implementation of the Natura 2000 network of marine protected areas under the European Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) has far-reaching implications for fisheries. To date, no consistent approaches have been established to develop fisheries management measures in Natura 2000 areas, and no European member state has proposed any fisheries measures to the European Commission for consideration under the Common Fisheries Policy. Four key issues are identified in the relationship between fisheries and Natura 2000, and the possible role that the future Common Fisheries Policy could have in this context is discussed. There is a need (1) for a consistent framework to integrate scientific advice, stakeholder participation and management in the management process; (2) for a common methodology to prioritize conservation objectives, in particular for transboundary protected areas; (3) for a consistent framework to assess and evaluate fisheries impacts to define management measures; and (4) to define spatial properties for fisheries. The results from the projects EMPAS (Germany), FIMPAS (the Netherlands), and INDEMARES (Spain) and the Dogger Bank case are discussed.  相似文献   

Ecosystem-based marine spatial management: Review of concepts, policies, tools, and critical issues   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Stelios Katsanevakis  Vanessa Stelzenmüller  Andy South  Thomas Kirk Sørensen  Peter J.S. Jones  Sandy Kerr  Fabio Badalamenti  Christos Anagnostou  Patricia Breen  Guillem Chust  Giovanni D’Anna  Mike Duijn  Tatiana Filatova  Fabio Fiorentino  Helena Hulsman  Kate Johnson  Aristomenis P. Karageorgis  Ingrid Kröncke  Simone Mirto  Carlo Pipitone  Susan Portelli  Wanfei Qiu  Henning Reiss  Dimitris Sakellariou  Maria Salomidi  Luc van Hoof  Vassiliki Vassilopoulou  Tomás Vega Fernández  Sandra Vöge  Anke Weber  Argyro Zenetos  Remment ter Hofstede 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2011,54(11):807-820

Conventional sectoral management and piecemeal governance are considered less and less appropriate in pursuit of sustainable development. Ecosystem based marine spatial management (EB-MSM) is an approach that recognizes the full array of interactions within an ecosystem, including human uses, rather than considering single issues, species, or ecosystem services in isolation. Marine spatial planning and ocean zoning are emerging concepts that can support EB-MSM. EB-MSM is driven by high-level goals that managers aim to achieve through the implementation of measures. High-level goals and objectives need to be translated into more operational objectives before specific targets, limits and measures can be elaborated.Monitoring, evaluation and adaptation are necessary to ensure that marine management measures are both effective and efficient. Solid monitoring frameworks are the foundation of adaptive management, as they provide the necessary information to evaluate performance and the effectiveness of management actions. Marine protected areas (MPAs) - possibly set up in networks - constitute a key component in EB-MSM policies and practises and have been applied as a cornerstone in conservation of marine biodiversity, management of fish populations, development of coastal tourism, etc. Moreover, MPA experiences have provided methods and concepts (such as zoning) to a wider EB-MSM context. The assignment of values to biophysical features of the marine environment allows the direct assessment of related management choices and may assist EB-MSM.A range of monetary valuation techniques have been proposed to reduce attributes of goods and services to a single metric. However, in the marine environment such an approach is often over simplistic, and thus less reductive techniques may be necessary. Rather than producing a single metric, the results of non-monetary assessments guide policy allowing weight to be given as necessary to potential areas of conflict and consensus.Strategies to take into account climate change effects and geohazard risks in EB-MSM have been applied or proposed worldwide. EB-MSM regimes must be alert to such risks and flexible to account for changes.  相似文献