基于判别空间条件熵加权的土地覆盖分类方法研究     

游炯  张景雄 《地理与地理信息科学》2012,28(1):59-64,2

针对遥感专题类别信息的机理问题,从土地覆盖参考数据的偏差程度对分类精度的影响角度,提出了一种基于判别空间条件熵加权的土地覆盖分类方法。引入判别空间模型概念,基于此模型生成土地覆盖数据类别,并分析了土地覆盖信息类别与数据类别的语义偏差出现的深层次原因;计算信息类别与数据类别的对应关系矩阵,据此得到二者的条件熵,实现对土地覆盖信息类别与数据类别的语义偏差的量化;根据信息类别与数据类别的条件熵计算修正判别变量的权重因子,实现基于判别空间条件熵加权的土地覆盖分类。采用一景SPOT-5影像进行分类实验,并利用同一地区的Landsat 5TM影像进行方法验证。实验表明,条件熵加权修正方法使土地覆盖分类精度有了显著提高,并对不同分辨率的遥感影像具有适用性。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东部山西组山_2~3亚段砂岩判别图版、砂岩分布规律及成因探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李明瑞  田景春  张清  窦伟坦  章辉若 《现代地质》2010,24(5)

勘探实践表明鄂尔多斯盆地东部山西组山32亚段含气性与岩性存在直接关系,石英砂岩储层往往是高产层。因此,寻找石英砂岩储层是该区勘探开发的重点。在岩心刻度测井的基础上,利用测井参数建立了3种类型砂岩的测井判别蛛网图版,并回归了石英相对百分含量与测井参数之间的关系式,利用此关系式对山32亚段砂岩类型进行识别,判识准确率达到80%。同时结合岩石薄片鉴定等资料,绘制了研究区砂岩类型平面分布图。单井结合平面图分析发现研究区存在3个环带状石英砂岩分布区域。从大地构造环境、物源、沉积环境等方面对该区山32亚段石英含量普遍较高和平面环带状分布原因进行了探讨,认为受海退影响的海岸线频繁变迁是形成石英砂岩分布的主要因素。  相似文献   

Hydrochemical characteristics of salt marsh wetlands in western Songnen Plain     

DENG Wei~  HE Yan~  SONG Xin-shan~  YAN Bai-xing~ 《地理学报(英文版)》2001,11(2):217-223

According to classification system of wetland in Ramsar Convention, salt marsh belongs to inland salt lake formed by regional hydrogeologic and climatic conditions[1]. In western Songnen Plain, the most distinct characteristic of water environment in salt marsh wetlands is that many water bodies have high salt contents and pH values, so salt marsh wetlands are categorized as a special natural synthesis[2]. 1 Natural environment in western Songnen PlainThe Songnen Plain lies to the east of …  相似文献   

用自然伽玛曲线与岩石粒序关系解释沉积相   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

朱子强 《煤田地质与勘探》1995,23(6):15-15

分析了三角洲相的自然伽测井曲线与岩石粒度的相关关系，并应用数学处理方法，对自然伽至测井曲线形态特征进行了量化，建立起与各种沉积相相对应的测井曲线形态标准特征模式，利用计算机自动解释沉积相类型。  相似文献   

A multivariate sedimentary environmental analysis of Great South Bay and South Oyster Bay, New York     

Syed A. Ali  Richard H. Lindemann  Peter H. Feldhausen 《Mathematical Geology》1976,8(3):283-304

A multivariate statistical strategy for classifying paleoenvironments is effective for studying modern sedimentary processes in western Great South Bay and South Oyster Bay, New York. The 13 whole phi weight percent variables were tested for redundancy with R-mode cluster analysis. The samples were partitioned statistically into five environmentally significant facies using Q-mode cluster analysis: (A)sandy gravel, (B)sandy silt, (C)silty sand, (D)slightly gravelly sand, and (E)fine sand. An ordination depicted gradational relationships among the samples and the facies. It was used to evaluate the environmental and textural parameter gradients within the sample space. Interpretations obtained in this manner and by examination of the grain-size curves suggest that these sediments were deposited by waves and currents on beaches and in wave zones (facies C and E),shoal areas (facies B),and tidal channels (facies A and D).Tidal currents, wave action, and eelgrass control the distribution of sediments within the two bays.  相似文献   

基于地面光谱的海涂土壤开发程度评价研究——以浙江省上虞市海涂围垦区为例   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

黄明祥  史舟  李艳  吴曙雯 《遥感学报》2004,8(4):378-384

过去 30年间 ,浙江沿海滩涂地不断地被围垦成农用地。为了科学地掌握海涂土壤的变化规律 ,讨论了地面光谱评价海涂土壤开发程度的可行性。以浙江省上虞市北部海涂围垦区作为研究区域 ,根据围垦历史时间的不同 ,将研究区划分成 4个子区域。借助GPS定位 ,样区内大致间隔 1km进行混合采样。分别在实验室内测定土壤理化性质和土壤光谱反射率。理化性质分析结果表明海涂土壤有机质含量低 ,电导率和含砂量高 ,并且随着围垦时间的增长呈现出规律性的变化。 9个吸收波段与土壤电导率、阳离子交换量和机械组成的Person相关分析表明 ,海涂土壤砂粒、粉粒含量与各波段相关性显著。依据不同围垦历史 ,对所有土样进行分组 ,并进行逐步判别分析。判别结果表明 ,处于不同围垦区并具有不同改良程度的土样 ,其光谱数据具有很好的类可分性。对原始样点数据回代到Fisher辨别函数可以获得 86 8%的判别精度 ,而对 2 8个待判土样代入判别函数可获 89 3%的判别精度。从地面光谱研究结果可见 ,相比于常规的野外耗时调查 ,星载或机载遥感探测器有可能作为大范围快速评价盐碱土开发程度的有效潜在工具  相似文献   

甘肃寨上金矿床构造地球化学特征   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

陈勇敢  赵玉锁  张国立  马德锡  路彦明  常春郊 《黄金地质》2004,10(4):61-65

寨上金矿位于西秦岭中部岷-礼成矿带西部,所发现的三十余条金矿化脉体的空间分布及其产出特征严格受断裂和褶皱的双重控制,以扎麻树背斜为界分为南北2个成矿带,产出的已知矿脉均严格受控于NWW向断裂.通过对寨上金矿50件构造地球化学样品16种微量元素数据的聚类分析、因子分析,以及对样品元素的组合特征研究,北矿带含矿断裂的元素组合为Au,Bi,Pb,Zn;南矿带的为Au,Sb,Hg,Cu,Zn,Pb,Co,Bi,As.以已知的矿与非矿构造样品为母体,利用多元统计判别分析,建立了断裂含矿性的判别函数,并对未知的17个样品进行判别分析,其判别结果与野外验证一致.  相似文献   

Statistical Evaluation of Compositional Differences Between Upper Eocene Impact Ejecta Layers     

Eric Marchand  James Whitehead 《Mathematical Geology》2002,34(5):555-572

Melt droplets formed by the impact of a large meteorite impact event(s) have been found in upper Eocene marine sediments from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. The number of discreet impacts that occurred to form these melt droplets can be gleaned by compositionally analysing the droplets and establishing the number of distinct groups. Previous studies have inferred two, three, or more source impact events, although we believe the statistical techniques used to distinguish the groupings are open to criticism. Multivariate and univariate analysis (including discriminant analysis) of the major-element composition of an increased data set of impact melt ejecta droplets have been performed. The results demonstrate that the uppermost ejecta layer is geochemically distinct from other late Eocene melt ejecta. Our statistical analysis suggests two underlying, purportedly stratigraphically separate ejecta layers, possess minimal differences that cannot be distinguished clearly from one another by discriminant analysis, which adds to the plausibility that they have a common source. Finally, our results reveal apparent disparities between the new major-element data from this study and data compiled from existing sources.  相似文献   

Apatite as an indicator mineral for mineral exploration: trace-element compositions and their relationship to host rock type   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

E. A. Belousova  W. L. Griffin  Suzanne Y. O'Reilly  N. I. Fisher 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2002,76(1):1056

Over 700 apatite grains from a range of rock types have been analysed by laser-ablation microprobe ICPMS for 28 trace elements, to investigate the potential usefulness of apatite as an indicator mineral in mineral exploration. Apatites derived from different rock types have distinctive absolute and relative abundances of many trace elements (including rare-earth elements (REE), Sr, Y, Mn, Th), and chondrite-normalised trace-element patterns. The slope of chondrite-normalised REE patterns varies systematically from ultramafic through mafic/intermediate to highly fractionated granitoid rock types. (Ce/Yb)_cn is very high in apatites from carbonatites and mantle-derived lherzolites (over 100 and over 200, respectively), while (Ce/Yb)_cn values in apatites from granitic pegmatites are generally less than 1, reflecting both HREE enrichment and LREE depletion. Within a large suite of apatites from granitoid rocks, chemical composition is closely related to both the degree of fractionation and the oxidation state of the magma, two important parameters in determining the mineral potential of the magmatic system. Apatite can accept high levels of transition and chalcophile elements and As, making it feasible to recognise apatite associated with specific types of mineralisation. Multivariate statistical analysis has provided a user-friendly scheme to distinguish apatites from different rock types, based on contents of Sr, Y, Mn and total REE, the degree of LREE enrichment and the size of the Eu anomaly. The scheme can be used for the recognition of apatites from specific rock types or styles of mineralisation, so that the provenance of apatite grains in heavy mineral concentrates can be determined and used in geochemical exploration.  相似文献   

李坝金矿田构造地球化学特征及其找矿意义   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

刘继顺  高珍权  舒广龙 《大地构造与成矿学》2001,25(1):87-94

本文从野外地质实际出发 ,系统研究了区内广泛发育的断裂构造特征及其与金矿化的关系 ,将断裂分为三级 , 、 级断裂主要为导矿和配矿构造 ,NW、NWW向的 级断裂为最有利的赋矿构造。据此 ,以构造地球化学的观点为指导 ,借助计算机化探数据处理系统 ,对系统采集的构造地球化学样品的 17个元素分析成果进行系统研究和 R型聚类分析等处理 ,将构造与金矿化的关系转化为构造地球化学特征 ,进而转化为找矿指标。研究表明 :含矿 (赋矿 +矿化 )断裂的特征元素组合为 :Au、Ag、As、Sb、Pb;非矿断裂的特征元素组合为 :Cr、Mn、Ti、V。将已知的赋矿、矿化和非矿断裂作为母体 ,利用多类判别分析建立了非矿、矿化和赋矿断裂判别函数 ,对已知的 2 3条断裂进行判别分类 ,错判 3条 ,准确率为 87%。该成果已应用于实际找矿工作中 ,通过对 11处未知区构造的含矿性研究 ,系统采取构造地球化学样品和进行相应的多元素分析 ,经判别后指导找矿 ,共发现金矿体三条 ,矿化体五条 ,取得了良好的找矿效果  相似文献