WEST: A northern California study of the role of wind-driven transport in the productivity of coastal plankton communities   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J.L. Largier  C.A. Lawrence  M. Roughan  D.M. Kaplan  E.P. Dever  C.E. Dorman  R.M. Kudela  S.M. Bollens  F.P. Wilkerson  R.C. Dugdale  L.W. Botsford  N. Garfield  B. Kuebel Cervantes  D. Kora in 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2006,53(25-26):2833

The “Wind Events and Shelf Transport” (WEST) program was an interdisciplinary study of coastal upwelling off northern California in 2000–03. WEST was comprised of modeling and field observations. The primary goal of WEST was to better describe and understand the competing influences of wind forcing on planktonic productivity in coastal waters. While increased upwelling-favorable winds lead to increased nutrient supply, they also result in reduced light exposure due to deeper surface mixed layers and increased advective loss of plankton from coastal waters. The key to understanding high levels of productivity, amidst these competing responses to wind forcing, is the temporal and spatial structure of upwelling. Temporal fluctuations and spatial patterns allow strong upwelling that favors nutrient delivery to be juxtaposed with less energetic conditions that favor stratification and plankton blooms. Observations of winds, ocean circulation, nutrients, phytoplankton and zooplankton off Bodega Bay and Point Reyes (38°N) were combined with model studies of winds, circulation and productivity. This overview of the WEST program provides an introduction to the WEST special issue of Deep-Sea Research, including the motivation for WEST, a summary of study components, an integrative synthesis of major research results to-date, and background on conditions during field studies in May–June 2001 (the upwelling period on which this special issue is focused).  相似文献   

Neogene stratigraphy and the sedimentary and oceanographic development of the NW European Atlantic margin     

Martyn S. Stoker  Daniel Praeg  Berit Oline Hjelstuen  Jan Sverre Laberg  Tove Nielsen  Pat M. Shannon 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2005,22(9-10):977

A regional correlation of Neogene stratigraphy has been attempted along and across the NW European Atlantic continental margin, between Mid-Norway and SW Ireland. Two unconformity-bounded successions are recognised. These are referred to as the lower and upper Neogene successions, and have been dated as Miocene–early Pliocene and early Pliocene–Holocene, respectively, in age. Their development is interpreted to reflect plate-wide, tectonically driven changes in the sedimentary, oceanographic and latterly climatic evolution of the NE Atlantic region. The lower Neogene succession mainly preserves a record of deep-water sedimentation that indicates an expansion of contourite sediment drifts above submarine unconformities, within this succession, on both sides of the eastern Greenland–Scotland Ridge from the mid-Miocene. This is interpreted to record enhanced deep-water exchange through the Faroe Conduit (deepest part of the Southern Gateway), and can be linked to compressive inversion of the Wyville–Thomson Ridge Complex. Thus, a pervasive, interconnected Arctic–North Atlantic deep-water circulation system is a Neogene phenomenon. The upper Neogene succession records a regional change, at about 4 Ma, in the patterns of contourite sedimentation (submarine erosion, new depocentres) coeval with the onset of rapid seaward-progradation of the continental margin by up to 100 km. This build-out of the shelf and slope is inferred to record a marked increase in sediment supply in response to uplift and tilting of the continental margin. Associated changes in deep-water circulation may be part of an Atlantic-wide reorganisation of ocean bottom currents. Glacial sediments form a major component of the prograding shelf margin (shelf-slope) sediment wedges, but stratigraphic data indicate that the onset of progradation pre-dates significant high-latitude glaciation by at least 1 Ma, and expansive Northern Hemisphere glaciation by at least 3 Ma.  相似文献   

冬、夏季印度洋越赤道经向翻转环流的年际变化     

胡瑞金  程传林 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(2):173-180

利用50 a的SODA资料对1月(冬季)和7月(夏季)印度洋越赤道经向翻转环流的年际变化进行研究。通过对2类典型年份的合成分析指出:1月份正异常年对应的经向翻转环流偏强,向北的经向热输送增加;7月份正异常年对应的经向翻转环流则偏弱,向南的经向热输送减少;1月份和7月份的负异常年皆与其正异常年相反;越赤道经向翻转环流有明显的年际变化,平均周期在4 a左右;经向翻转环流的年际变化和海面风场的变化密切相关。提出了反映1月和7月此环流年际变化的几个指数。  相似文献   

Drift probabilities for Icelandic cod larvae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Brickman  David; Marteinsdottir  Gudrun; Logemann  Kai; Harms  Ingo H. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2007,64(1):49-59

  相似文献   

南极乔治王岛早第三纪古气候          下载免费PDF全文

李浩敏 《极地研究》1991,3(4):18-23

根据植物化石证据,在早第三纪早、中期,南极乔治王岛地区曾出现过温暖、潮湿的气候,作者认为,当时南半球各板块的相对位置以及由此而引起的洋流的变化,很可能是造成这种温暖气候的主要原因。  相似文献   

东中国海秋季三维环流诊断计算分析     

黄海龙  管卫兵  郑洋洋  杨成浩  王惠群  杨昀 《海洋科学》2018,42(8):79-89

基于2000年秋季东中国海水文观测资料,应用三维有限元模式FEOM(Finite Element Ocean circulation Model),在温盐保持不变的情况下进行诊断计算100 d,模拟结果再现了环流的主要特征:由于海表面风的影响,秋季东中国海表层的环流以西南向流为主,在10m深以下由于风的影响减弱环流特征比较清晰完整。黄海北部出现一个气旋式涡旋,10m层流速大小为5 cm/s左右;浙闽沿岸流从表层到50～60m深都是存在的,流速基本不变;台湾暖流在10m层流速较大,且向陆架方向入侵明显,但是越向下越不明显,流速也有所减小。诊断计算60d后的后报计算结果显示,松弛尺度为5d可以更好地消除资料的不匹配。因此最终在诊断计算60d后开展了松弛时间为5d的40d的强诊断计算,强诊断模拟结果显示:强诊断计算能更好的模拟东中国海环流结构,相较于诊断计算,表层流速有所减弱,10 m层流速有所加强,各层流向强诊断计算和诊断计算基本一致。  相似文献   

Explanatory analysis of the relationship between atmospheric circulation and occurrence of flood‐generating events in a coastal city          下载免费PDF全文

Helena L. A. Åström  Maria Sunyer  Henrik Madsen  Dan Rosbjerg  K. Arnbjerg‐Nielsen 《水文研究》2016,30(16):2773-2788

The aim of this study is to enhance the understanding of the occurrence of flood‐generating events in urban areas by analysing the relationship between large‐scale atmospheric circulation and extreme precipitation events, extreme sea water level events and their simultaneous occurrence, respectively. To describe the atmospheric circulation, we used the Lamb circulation type (LCT) classification and re‐grouped it into Lamb circulation classes (LCC). The daily LCCs/LCTs were connected with rare precipitation and water‐level events in Aarhus, a Danish coastal city. Westerly and cyclonic LCCs (W, C, SW and NW) showed a significantly high occurrence of extreme precipitation. Similarly, for extreme water‐level events westerly LCCs (W and SW) showed a significantly high occurrence. Significantly low occurrence of extreme precipitation and water‐level events was obtained in easterly LCCs (NE, E and SE). For concurrent events, significantly high occurrence was obtained in LCC W. We assessed the change in LCC occurrence frequency in the future based on two regional climate models (RCMs). The projections indicate that the westerly directions in LCCs are expected to increase in the future. Consequently, simultaneous occurrence of extreme water level and precipitation events is expected to increase in the future as a result of change in LCC frequencies. The RCM projections for LCC frequencies are uncertain because the representation of current LCCs is poor; a large number of days cannot be classified and the frequencies of the days that can be classified differ from the observed time series. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

济南市农地流转市场发育程度评价研究          下载免费PDF全文

王晓玲  林艳丽  李凌  张殿强  杨琳  刘思远 《山东国土资源》2018,34(2)

农地流转中市场发育情况的研究可以较好地判断未来农地利用可能发生的风险,以济南市农地流转中的市场发育程度评价指标为例,研究农地流转市场的发育程度,以采取切实可行的措施完善农地流转制度。运用特尔菲法确定市场发育程度评价指标体系,并对指标数据进行无量纲处理,用熵值法计算指标权重,利用线性加权法计算市场发育综合评价值,采用正态分布"3σ"方法确定市场发育程度阈值。在统计年限内,济南市2009年、2010年土地流转市场处于过冷区间,2011年偏冷,2012年、2013年正常,2014年、2015年过热,说明农地流转市场发育较快,但滞后于流转量的变化。所选取的评价指体系能够较好的反映济南市农地流转市场发育情况,市场发育程度阈值计算比较科学合理。在当前农地流转市场的培育阶段,当流转量开始下降的时候,需要采取措施以防止流转量的继续下滑,以避免对农地流转市场的发展产生不利影响,进而影响农业经济的发展。  相似文献   

Hydrodynamics of a headland-bay beach—Nearshore current circulation     

Rodolfo Silva  Asunción Baquerizo  Miguel Ángel Losada  Edgar Mendoza 《Coastal Engineering》2010

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the hydrodynamic equilibrium of a headland or semi-elliptic shaped beach. It is shown that the state of equilibrium depends not only on the in- and outgoing sediment but also on the accommodation of the sediment within the embayment. The shape and relative depth of shoals, or settling zones, also directly affect the wave and current patterns inside the bay, within which the resultant breaker line almost stops wave-induced currents at some locations, whereas the magnitude of current increases at other locations. Several numerical tests are analytically conducted in a semi-elliptic beach with two symmetrical shoals of varying relative depth where circulatory current systems are detected and analyzed. Numerical modelling for wave climate and wave-induced current estimation is also presented in order to corroborate results and provide a tool for complicated and/or physical domains. The results lead to a redefinition of the concept of equilibrium for headland-bay beaches taking into account not only the net sediment transport but also the role of the formation and disappearance of settling zones, as well as sediment interchanges between the beach and shoals.  相似文献   

CMIP6模式中的中国冬季气温主要区域空间模态及与观测的对比分析          下载免费PDF全文

陈金琪  胡景高  徐海明  郭栋 《气象科学》2023,43(6):736-748

利用国际耦合模式比较计划第六阶段（CMIP6）的全球气候模式历史模拟试验资料，通过旋转经验正交函数分析得到了CMIP6模式中的我国冬季气温变化主要的区域空间模态。结果表明：CMIP6多模式集合平均中我国冬季气温有4个主要的区域空间模态，分别为中原—西北型，华南型，东北型以及滇藏型。其中，东北型与滇藏型是较为稳定的空间模态，在所选CMIP6模式及观测资料中都稳定存在，这也是前人研究中一致性较高的模态。而我国新疆、西北、华中及华南地区的冬季气温在空间分型上存在分歧，这些地区的分型在以往研究中的一致性也较差。华南型在所选CMIP6模式内是一致存在的模态，中原—西北型在模式内部的差异性较大。在近40 a观测资料中，新疆及西北到我国南方为统一的空间分型，在CMIP6多模式集合平均的结果中新疆及西北地区气温空间分布与我国中原地区的联系更为紧密。CMIP6模式能较好地模拟出与低温空间分布有直接联系的对流层中层的槽的位置，当CMIP6模式和观测中的冬季气温都表现为同一个空间模态时，该模态所对应的对流层中层的主要环流系统在观测和CMIP6模式中也是一致的。  相似文献