The experimental governing of mobility and trade on the China‐Laos frontier: The Tai Lue case     

Antonella Diana 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2013,34(1):25-39

This paper discusses the governing of subjects and objects' mobility in the context of trans‐border rice and corn trade on the China‐Laos frontier. It traces the attempts by a group of ethnic Tai Lue traders from China to assert themselves as ‘flexible subjects’ and economically triumphant actors on the Upper Mekong market in the era of economic regionalization. It illustrates how, between 2005 and mid‐2006, the traders' economic success relied on a variety of ‘border strategies’. ‘Border strategies’ include a gender‐balanced organization of trade, the instrumental deployment of trans‐border ethnicity, the appropriation of a Han style of business, the opportunistic reliance on the Chinese administration's ‘regime of graduated mobility’, and the enactment of a ‘war‐machine’ against Lao state agents. Yet, in late 2006, a new wave of state authoritarianism, enmeshed in corporate accumulation processes, inhibited the traders' success. The paper suggests that, unlike what some defenders of globalization and transnational theories maintain, in the age of economic regionalization, the alleged flexibility and increased mobility of subjects and objects across the borders of the Greater Mekong Subregion remain conditional on an unpredictable mechanism of loosening and tightening. This is part of a long‐applied governing pattern of ‘experimentation under hierarchy’ on the Sino‐Lao frontier.  相似文献   

黏土颗粒含量对蒋家沟泥石流启动影响分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陈中学  汪稔  胡明鉴  王志兵  徐东升 《岩土力学》2010,31(7):2197-2201

黏土颗粒在泥石流中的含量并不大,但却显著地影响着泥石流的启动。在室内通过筛分配成9种不同黏粒含量级配的土体,在自行设计的模型槽内以1.64 g/cm3（松散干密度）,1.79、1.94 g/cm3（天然干密度）3种干密度堆成边坡模型,在雨强为85 mm/h下进行人工降雨试验,初步探讨了黏土颗粒含量对泥石流启动的影响,得到：黏粒含量在5%～18%时可以形成泥石流,其中黏粒含量10%时所需时间最短,低于5%或大于18%难以形成泥石流,黏粒含量具有临界性;填筑干密度越大,泥石流启动越困难,表现在启动时间长、深度浅、规模小、且填筑干密度不改变黏粒含量临界性;降雨条件下土体入渗率越高,泥石流越容易启动产流。通过试验的研究,可以深入揭示泥石流形成的内在机制,黏粒含量临界性为泥石流预测、预报提供了新思路。  相似文献   

Effect of succession gaps on the understory water‐holding capacity in an over‐mature alpine forest at the upper reaches of the Yangtze River          下载免费PDF全文

Bin Wang  Fuzhong Wu  Sa Xiao  Wanqin Yang  Meta Francis Justine  Jiayi He  Bo Tan 《水文研究》2016,30(5):692-703

The water‐holding capacity (WHC) of the understory in the headwater regions of major rivers plays an important role in both the capacity of the forest water reservoir and water quality and quantity in the butted rivers. Although forest gaps could regulate water‐holding patterns in the understory by redistributing coarse woody debris (CWD), fine woody debris (FWD), non‐woody debris (NWD) and understory vegetation, little information is available on the effects of forest gaps on understory WHC. Therefore, we investigated the WHCs of CWD, FWD, NWD, herbaceous vegetation, mosses, epiphytes (including fern and lichen growing on the surface of logs) and soils from the gap centre to the adjacent closed canopy in an alpine forest at the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The total WHC of the alpine forest understory components was approximately 300 mm. Soil layer had the largest contribution to the total understory WHC (90%), and among the aboveground components, CWD and mosses contributed 5% and 4% to the aboveground WHC, respectively. With the exception of that of the herbaceous layer, the WHC of the forest floor increased from the gap centre to the closed canopy. Although mosses had the lowest biomass allocation on the alpine forest floor, the water‐holding ratio (k) of mosses reached 485%. In conclusion, biomass is the parameter that most strongly and positively correlated with the WHC of the alpine forest understory, and forest gap formation decreases the understory WHC of alpine forest resulting from a decrease in organic soils, CWDs and mosses. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Highlights

• The effects of gaps on the understory WHC were examined in an alpine forest.
• Gaps decreased the understory WHC by decreasing the amounts of the larger WHC components.
• The contribution of CWD and mosses to the aboveground WHC was large.
• The WHC of dead debris was higher than that of the vegetation.

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中国上市企业总部的区位分布和集聚特征   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

潘峰华  刘作丽  夏亚博  莫开峰 《地理研究》2013,32(9):1721-1736

大企业总部是决策和控制中心,掌握着巨大的资源分配权,其决策将影响到地区甚至国家的发展。因此,大企业总部的数量关系到一个国家和地区的竞争力和影响力,研究大企业总部的分布和集聚有重要的理论和政策意义。本研究考察了截至2011年底中国2320家上市企业总部在城市的分布及集聚特征,有以下主要发现:①中国的上市企业总部分布和总体产业空间格局较为一致,即高度集聚在我国的东部沿海城市,尤其是长三角、珠三角和京津冀地区。②中国的企业总部高度集聚在高行政级别的城市,具体而言即大量集中在首都、直辖市、副省级和省会城市。③北京、上海和深圳是中国企业总部最为集聚的城市,不仅企业总部数量最多,而且企业的规模也最大,尤其是北京拥有超强的掌控力。而且,北京、上海和深圳几乎在所有产业领域都表现出绝对的领先优势。④和国际上发达国家比较,中国的企业总部在空间上的集聚程度较低,东部沿海发达地区的总部数量占全国比重仍在上升,北京、上海和深圳等大城市的上市企业总部数量增长要明显快于全国其他地区,其地位还在进一步强化。⑤企业总部的数量和城市的金融业发展水平、机场条件、经济规模、经济全球化水平、城市的规模等级、行政等级等呈现出高度的正向相关关系。  相似文献   

卓越测绘工程师企业培养方案研究     

焦明连 《北京测绘》2012,(6):102-104,101

卓越工程师教育培养计划的特点之一是行业企业深度参与培养过程。参考欧美国家工程师培养模式,对卓越测绘工程师企业培养方案的培养目标、培养要求、培养标准、培养计划、师资配备等方面进行有益的探索,为完善测绘地理信息类卓越工程师培养方案提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Encountering a multidimensional assemblage: The case of Norwegian corporate social responsibility activities in Indonesia     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(5):282-290

A vociferous debate on socio-spatial formations is ongoing between those advocating a geography of scales and those advocating flat ontologies and assemblages, yet a middle ground has not been properly addressed. The author argues for an empirically driven, multidimensional assemblage approach whereby the processes constituting an assemblage and the different socio-spatial organisation of heterogeneous entities form the analytical basis for geographical analyses of particular empirical events. He shows how Norwegian companies in Indonesia encounter different stakeholders constituting a multidimensional (situated, scaled, and networked) ‘assemblage of national interests’ with multitudinous motivations and drivers but quite specific converged influence. He examines the territorialising forces employed during such encounters, the de-territorialising forces challenging the assemblage, and how the evolution of the ‘assemblage of national interests’ resulted in 2012 in the world's first law on corporate social responsibility (CSR), which has more or less forced Norwegian companies to make social investments in local communities within a CRS framing. The findings are that assemblages are scaled and networked, but also uncoordinated and ‘chaotic’. Norwegian companies in Indonesia are subject to a joint but dispersed, multidimensional assemblage of national interest, where stakeholders on different scales, with multiple motivations, mobilise to persuade them to run social investment programmes.  相似文献   

Do firms adopt lower standards in poorer areas? Corporate social responsibility and environmental justice in the EU and the US   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Andy Gouldson 《Area》2006,38(4):402-412

Within the context of broader debates on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmental justice (EJ), this paper examines three key questions: first, how the standards that corporations adopt at the global scale trickle down into local site-level practices; second, whether levels of corporate environmental performance vary from place to place; and third whether any variations in corporate environmental performance relate to the principles of EJ. To do this, the analysis draws upon recently disclosed data to evaluate variations in the environmental performance of oil refineries across the US and the EU. It finds significant variations in emissions of some key pollutants. These exist both across the range of refineries, with dirtier refineries emitting at least five times as much as cleaner refineries, and between the EU and the US, with refineries in the EU emitting more than twice as much as refineries in the US. At the local level, it finds that there are correlations between higher levels of emissions from refineries and lower levels of income, employment and population density. Although these findings provide support for some of the contentions of the EJ movement, they do not say anything about causality, and as a result we cannot say definitively that companies adopt lower standards in poorer areas.  相似文献   

祁连山地区林下地被物持水量与采样方法的关系研究     

杨军军  何志斌  蔺鹏飞 《冰川冻土》2021,43(2):610-617

林下地被物持水量的准确计算对生态环境脆弱的寒区水文功能的模拟和预测尤为关键。本研究以青藏高原北麓的祁连山典型流域为研究区,对原状和散状两种采样方法下,青海云杉林下苔枯层（苔藓与枯落物形成的层状结构）持水特征参数的差异进行分析,探讨不同采样方法在林下苔枯层水文特征研究时的影响。本研究中原状样本采用PVC管取样,散状样本采用尼龙网袋取样,获得2 596个实验数据。研究发现平均厚度为14.3 cm的原状苔藓与苔枯样本最大持水量分别为2.29 kg·m^-2与5.42 kg·m^-2,最大持水率分别为2 071%与890%,散状苔藓最大持水率为610%。苔枯层与苔藓层的最大持水量差异显著,苔枯层相比苔藓层具有更好的保水功能,林下地被物水文特征量化时应区别对待;相比于原状样本,散状采样方法下苔藓层的最大持水率被低估近70.5%,即在散状采样方法下,林下苔藓层的最大持水率会被严重低估;地被物脱湿曲线为幂函数,蒸发时长为4.8~5.6 h,关键参数的估算对于地被物水分蒸发过程的模拟和预测具有重要参考价值。不同采样方法对地被物持水量的估算差异显著,实践中应根据实验目的和研究对象,选择合适的采样方法。  相似文献   

活沙障适宜树种选择研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张风春  蔡宗良 《中国沙漠》1997,17(3):304-308

经过7年的试验研究,根据保存率、生长状况、抗性等6个指标,选择了东疆沙拐枣、花棒、柠条、梭梭等8个适宜的植物种。对其中在沙丘顶部表现较好的4个植物种在高大的流动沙丘上进行聚沙阻沙的造林试验,根据抗风蚀、抗沙埋、抗干旱的能力及聚沙阻沙的效果,最终选出了东疆沙拐枣为建造活沙障的最佳植物种。  相似文献   

钻井利器故事之“保真取样钻具”          下载免费PDF全文

李小洋  李宽  王志刚  张永勤  尹浩  施山山 《探矿工程》2020,47(7):62-65,72

天然气水合物作为一种高效清洁能源,广泛分布于海洋和冻土带中。经过近几年的勘探,在我国南海发现了储量非常丰富的天然气水合物资源,并成功进行了试开采,取得了可喜的成绩,也使我国在该领域处于国际领先地位。随着水合物勘探开发程度的进一步加快,作为水合物调查钻探取样的重要利器——保真取样钻具的保真效果已经被越来越多的研究者所关注。本文从科普的角度介绍了天然气水合物保真取样的必要性、国外发展历程及国内近年来的研究成果,以此达到相互交流、相互促进的目的,最终推动保真取样技术的国产化应用。  相似文献