川藏公路二郎山隧道和平沟泥石流特征研究与治理设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王小群  沈军辉  王兰生 《地球科学进展》2004,(Z1)

泥石流作为地质环境较差的山区的主要自然灾害之一,对于泥石流的研究思路的进一步发展和完善,在很大程度上将对山区的工程建设有很重要的指导意义。从工程地质研究思路的角度出发,对位于川藏公路二郎山隧道西口和平沟泥石流进行了研究。采用工程地质分析的方法对和平沟泥石流的形成环境(地层岩性条件、构造条件、地貌条件、气象条件、植被发育及人类活动)、基本特征(泥石流沟的基本特征、泥石流的堆积特征)进行了系统的研究,并在此基础上对泥石流沟沿岸的岸坡稳定性(可能泥石流的物源)等进行了评价分析。对泥石流的活动趋势以及可能泥石流的方量做出了较为科学的评价预测。经过这样的系统分析对工程建设中的泥石流防治提出了治理设计方案。  相似文献   

超深防渗帷幕性质研究及设计优化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨波  刘国彬  杨光煦 《岩土工程技术》2004,18(5):267-270

防渗帷幕在很多国家得到较广泛的应用 ,但深度超过 35m较少。防渗帷幕其施工目标参数控制难度大 ,而且深度增加导致难度更大。因此施工目标参数对施工影响起关键决定作用。究竟应如何确定合理的目标参数 ,即保证防渗帷幕的工程作用 ,又不会增加施工难度和工程造价 ?通过土力学基本理论分析 ,并针对各影响因素进行多工况比较计算 ,然后对比现行相关规程规范 ,提出保证降水帷幕发挥作用的施工参数  相似文献   

碎石桩复合地基抗液化设计方法的分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

黄春霞  张鸿儒  白顺果 《岩土工程技术》2004,18(6):307-310,314

对碎石桩复合地基抗液化设计方法进行了分析评价 ,并对施工技术作了介绍。基于复合地基抗地震液化作用的分析 ,提出一种合理的抗液化设计方法 ,该方法能够体现碎石桩复合地基的加密、排水和减震三方面的抗地震液化作用。  相似文献   

利用地质成果优化3010皮带上山设计     

邱尔强 《中国煤田地质》2004,16(Z1):89-90

3010皮带上 山 建成 后将 担 负着 范各 庄 矿三 水平 、四 水平 的 煤炭 运输 任 务,服务 年 限要 求 至 少 30a。 此 皮 带上山 位于 岩 溶陷 落柱 较 发育 的井 口 区域 ,范 各庄 矿 发现 的 12个 陷落 柱 全部 位于 此 区域 。由 于 陷落 柱直 接 导通 下部 奥 灰水 ,一 旦揭 露 将有 淹没 整 个矿 井的 危 险。为 保 证矿 井安 全 ,在 工程 施工 前 ,利用 地 质手 段对 设 计区 域进 行 了探 查,发现皮 带上 山 的中 上部 发 育有 岩溶 陷 落柱 ,两 次对 设 计进 行了 修 改,为 施 工提 供了 安 全保 障。  相似文献   

黄河上游梯级水电站施工洪水优化设计方法探讨--以黄河公伯峡水电站施工洪水优化设计为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨百银 《水文》2004,24(1):22-27

梯级水电站设计洪水方法一直是梯级水电站水文设计的难点．几十年来在黄河上游梯级电站设计中已总结出一套比较完整的设计洪水及施工洪水计算方法。通过黄河公伯峡水电站施工洪水优化设计过程，论述了该套方法．并就目前存在的一些观点及疑问给予了较为明确的回答。  相似文献   

探测冰盖和多年冻土层的融冰探头研发     

Norbert I. K 《冰川冻土》2004,26(Z1):310-318

The exploration of ice sheets by melting vertical holes into the ground has some tradition in terrestrial glaciology. Such probes have been used since the 1960's to investigate the vertical structure of the ice in Greenland and Antarctica and in alpine glaciers. In this paper we look into the possibility to develop similar devices for use on extraterrestrial icy bodies, like e.g. the polar areas on Mars or the icy satellites of the outer solar system. We report on some basic experiments performed in the cryo-vacuum laboratory of the Space Research Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz. In these experiments the penetration of a simple melting probe into compact and porous water ice (with a snow-like texture) was monitored, both under vacuum conditions and under air pressure. The observed penetration speeds for a given power supply are compared with a simple mathematical model. We conclude that a miniature melting probe with small overall dimensions and a reasonable power demand could well be part of the payload of a future planetary mission, for example to the poles of Mars. Such missions are currently under discussion in several space agencies. Moreover such probes could also e? ectively be used in terrestrial environments. A possible design is presented at the end of the paper.  相似文献   

Design Earthquakes in the U.K.     

R.M.W. Musson 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2004,2(1):101-112

Three sites in the UK are taken, representative of low, medium and high hazard levels (by UK standards). For each site, the hazard value at 10⁻⁴ annual probability is computed using a generic seismic source model, and a variety of ground motion parameters: peak ground acceleration (PGA), spectral acceleration at 10 Hz and 1 Hz, and intensity. Disaggregation is used to determine the nature of the earthquakes most likely to generate these hazard values. It is found (as might be expected) that the populations are quite different according to which ground motion parameter is used. When PGA is used, the result is a rather flat magnitude distribution with a tendency to low magnitude events (\le 4.5 ML) which are probably not really hazardous. Hazard-consistent scenario earthquakes computed using intensity are found to be in the range 5.8–5.9 ML, which is more in accord with the type of earthquake that one expects to be a worst-case event in the UK. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Strain field measurements of rubber by image analysis and design criteria for laminated rubber bearings (LRB)     

Chamindalal Sujeewa Lewangamage  Masato Abe  Yozo Fujino  Junji Yoshida 《地震工程与结构动力学》2004,33(4):445-464

Although seismic isolation rubber bearings in bridges and buildings have proven to be a very effective passive method for reducing earthquake‐induced forces, a detailed mechanical modeling of the rubber that is used in bearings under large strains has not been established. Therefore, a 3D model of failure behavior and the design criteria for the safety evaluation of seismic isolation bearings have not yet been developed. This paper presents: (1) correlation‐based template‐matching algorithms to measure large strain fields of continua; (2) a failure criterion for rubber; and (3) the design criteria for the safety evaluation of laminated algorithms, data‐validation algorithms were developed and implemented to eliminate possible unrealistic displacement vectors present in the measured displacement field. The algorithms were successfully employed in the strain field measurement of LRB and rubber materials that are subjected to failure. The measured local strains for rubber material at failure were used to develop a failure criterion for rubber. The validity of the proposed criterion was evaluated by applying it to the LRB; the criterion was introduced into a 3D finite element model of LRB, compared with the experimental results of bearings failure, and verified. Finally, design criteria are proposed for LRB for the safety evaluation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Optimal design of viscoelastic dampers using eigenvalue assignment   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sang‐Hyun Lee  Dong‐In Son  Jinkoo Kim  Kyung‐Won Min 《地震工程与结构动力学》2004,33(4):521-542

In this study a procedure for determining the optimum size and location of viscoelastic dampers is proposed using the eigenvalue assignment technique. Natural frequencies and modal damping ratios, required to realize a given target response, are determined first by the convex model. Then the desired dynamic structural properties are realized by optimally distributing the damping and stiffness coefficients of viscoelastic dampers using non‐linear programming based on the gradient of eigenvalues. This optimization method provides information on the optimal location as well as the magnitude of the damper parameters. The proposed procedure is applied to the retrofit of a 10‐story shear frame, and to a three‐dimensional structure with an asymmetric plan. The analysis results confirm that the responses of model structures retrofitted by the proposed method correspond well with the given target response. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

论江苏若干矿产资源开发利用的新方向     

尚培颖王浩  翁志华 《江苏地质》2004,28(3):183-187

江苏泥炭大多数为低有机质分解较强的低位泥炭，适于制作肥料或制成腐肥使用；江苏硅质原料丰富，一种以硅为主的化肥——硅肥正日益显示其重要性；湖泊淤泥具有颗粒微细、含砂量少、可塑性高、结合力强、干燥敏感性好和收缩率较大等特点，是生产空心砖的最佳原料；高家边组泥页岩和坟头组底部细粉砂质泥岩及泥质粉砂岩是良好的陶粒原料、砖瓦、陶瓷建材以及水泥用粘土质原料；利用矿泉水与茶的结合能够生产出高、中、低多效应的复合型新产品。上述尚未被利用或利用程度不够的矿产资源有着广泛的开发利用前景。  相似文献