江苏淤泥质潮滩对海平面变化的形态响应   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

杨桂山  施雅风  季子修 《地理学报》2002,57(1):76-84

通过对江苏滨海平原淤泥质潮滩1980年以来19个固定潮滩断面112个测次滩面高程测量的统计分析，探讨典型淤泥质潮滩剖面形态对海平面变化的形态响应过程。结果表明，典型淤涨岸段海平面上升，多年平均潮位线以上滩面仍将淤积加高，但淤高幅度除多年平均高潮线附近滩面相对较大外，其余均较小，表明随海平面上升该滩带总体淤积速率将趋于减小；与此相反，多年平均潮位线以下滩面则趋于蚀低，且侵蚀强度较大，表明该滩带的侵蚀有加剧趋向，最终滩面总体形态将因上带不断淤高和下带不断蚀低而逐渐变陡，剖面上凸形态的曲率不断加大。曲型侵蚀岸段，海平面上升的效应则相反，海平面上升，多年平均潮位线以上滩面强烈蚀低；而多年平均潮位线以下滩面则强烈淤积加高，剖面的上凹形态最终将因上带不断蚀低和下带不断淤高而趋于平直。  相似文献   

Erosion response to anthropogenic activity and climatic changes during the Holocene: case studies in northwestern China and southern Norway     

HE Xiubin  TANG Keli  John A Matthews  Geraint Owen 《地理学报》2002,12(4):467-471

Soil erosion assessment and prediction play critical roles in addressing problems associated with erosion control or soil conservation. The past dynamics of soil erosion can provide valuable information for us to understand the relations of soil erosion to environmental change and anthropogenic activity. The present paper has compared Holocene climatic changes in northwestern China with those in southern Norway, and investigated the past dynamics of erosion activity during the Holocene. Modern soil erosion on the Loess Plateau is a combination of the intensive natural erosion and human-induced erosion, the latter being four times greater than the former. Because of global warming and increasing human activities, climate on the Loess Plateau is becoming dryer and more unstable, causing an enhanced erosion problem and water scarcity. In the arctic-alpine region of southern Norway, however, the global warming and regional wetting caused expansion of the largest European ice cap. This has accentuated the erosion in that region, with a higher frequency of avalanches and debris flows.  相似文献   

基于空间信息技术的城市应急救援联动系统研究   总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26  

陈秀万  杨凯欣  方裕  陈斌 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(4):49-52

该文分析国内外城市现代救援体系及其发展趋势，对基于统一的空间信息基础设施平台分布式城市应急救援联动系统(体系结构与系统实现)的关键技术进行研究，以成都市城市应急救援联动系统为例，探讨了城市应急救援联动系统的构成、功能、业务流程、系统平台、用户界面等。  相似文献   

地基 结构系统地震响应的突变模型分析     

房营光  曹洪 《岩土力学》2003,24(5):729-732

由拉格朗日方程导出地基 结构系统地震响应分析的动力方程，利用突变模型分析了系统对地震响应的复杂过程，并分析了振幅响应的跳跃现象和“路径”效应等非线性动力特性，得出了有意义的结论。分析结果对地基 结构系统的参数设计有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

大型双槽渡槽地震反应分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杜晓伟  陈淮  孙国钧  王博 《世界地震工程》2003,19(2):23-26

为了得到比较精确的大型双槽渡槽结构的地震反应，根据渡槽结构复杂、影响动力因素较多等特点，采用8结点空间块体单元对渡槽槽身和槽墩进行有限元离散，分别用耦合自由度和多个弹簧单元分别模拟渡槽槽身横向拉杆、加劲肋和盆式橡胶支座，建立了大型双槽渡槽结构地层反应分析的有限元模型，计算了南水北调水利工程中的双洎河大型双槽渡槽的振动特性，并分别用反应谱法和时程分析法对该渡槽进行了地震反应分析，计算结果可为该渡槽的抗震设计提供参考。  相似文献   

结构随机响应的一种改进的概率谱叠加方法     

孙凌  吴知丰  周成功  周生震 《世界地震工程》2003,19(2):156-162

目前有一些关于多自由度结构体系的地震响应中响应峰值按降序(即由大到小的顺序)排列时的峰值统计性质的研究。本文对这些研究中的概率方法提出一些改进。由于这些改进，概率谱叠加方法在实际应用中就变得更准确和实用。本文以五层的结构模型为例，计算其在埃尔森特罗(1940)地震激励下的响应，并与时程分析结果进行比较。结果表明，改进的概率谱叠加方法能够谁确的计算较高几阶重要响应峰值的幅值。  相似文献   

基于脉冲频响函数的MATLAB动力方程求解方法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

马乐为  吴敏哲  谢异同 《世界地震工程》2003,19(2):168-171

提出一种基于脉冲频响函数并利用MATLAB求解的方法，由于脉冲频响函数利用卷积公式进行动力微分方法计算，因此，从理论上讲，它适合于任意外力下的动力方程求解，同时，MATAL又提供了卷积函数conv，所以，在MATLAB下求解动力方程将变得十分容易。  相似文献   

美国城市搜索与救援体系的组成及运作模式概述     

顾建华  张洪由  彭晋川 《国际地震动态》2003,(12):11-16

美国城市搜索与救援体系是世界上最完善的体系之一，多年来在城市救灾和应对突发事件中发挥了重要作用，减轻了生命和财产的损失。文章概述了美国城市搜索与救援体系的组成、任务、运作原则和管理机构及支援机构。  相似文献   

New national seismic zoning map of China     

高孟潭 《地震学报(英文版)》2003,16(6):639-645

1 Background of the new national seismic zoning map The policy of seismic disaster mitigation in the Chinese mainland is prevention first. According to the law, the earthquake design for ordinary structures must fit the demand of national seismic zoning map. Seismic zoning map is the basis of the earthquake design (TANG, 1998; WU, et al, 1998). The seismic zoning map must be updated with the progress in methodology and accumula-tion of the data. There are three generations of national seis…  相似文献   

Decoupled seismic analysis of an earth dam   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ernesto Cascone  Sebastiano Rampello 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2003,23(5):349-365

The seismic stability of an earth dam is evaluated via the decoupled displacement analysis using the accelerograms obtained by ground response analysis to compute the earthquake-induced displacements. The response analysis of the dam is carried out under both 1D and 2D conditions, incorporating the non-linear soil behaviour through the equivalent linear method. Ten artificial and five real accelerograms were used as input motions and four different depths were assumed for the bedrock.1D and 2D response analyses were in a fair agreement with the exception of the top third of the dam where only a 2D modelling of the problem could ensure that the acceleration field is properly described. The acceleration amplification ratio obtained in the 2D analyses was equal to about 2 in all the cases considered, consistently with data from real case histories.The maximum permanent displacements computed by the sliding block analysis were small, being less than 10% of the service freeboard; a satisfactory performance of the dam can then be envisaged for any of the seismic scenarios considered in the analyses.  相似文献