Relative Roles of Intraseasonal and Above-seasonal Components in the South China Sea Summer Monsoon Onset     

陈佩珊  简茂球  高斯 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2022,28(2):183-193

Multi-scale contributions are involved in the South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon (SCSSM) onset process. The relative roles of intraseasonal oscillation and above-seasonal component in the year-to-year variation of the SCSSM onset are evaluated in this study. The 30-90-day and above-90-day components are major contributors to the year-to-year variation of the SCSSM onset, and the former contributes greater portion, while the 8-30-day component has little contribution to the onset. In the early onset cases, the 30-90-day westerly winds move and extend eastward from the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) to the SCS monsoon region relatively earlier, and replace the easterly winds over the SCS with the cooperation of the 30-90-day cyclone moving southward from northern East Asia. The westerly anomalies of the above-90-day component in spring jointly contribute to the early SCSSM onset. In the late onset cases, the late eastward expansion of 30-90-day westerly wind over the TIO, accompanied by the late occurrence and weakening of the 30-90-day anticyclone over the SCS, and its late withdraw from the SCS, as well as the persistent easterly anomalies of above-90-day component, suppress the SCSSM onset. However, the SCSSM outbreaks in the obvious weakening stage of 30-90-day easterly anomalies. The easterlies-to-westerlies transition of the 30-90-day 850- hPa zonal wind over the SCS in spring is closely associated with sea surface temperature in the tropical western Pacific in preceding winter and spring, while the interannual variation of the above-90-day zonal wind in April-May is closely related to the decaying stage of the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation events.  相似文献   

Introduction: Toward More Inclusive and Comparative Perspectives in the Histories of Geographical Knowledge     

Heike Jöns  Janice Monk  Innes M. Keighren 《The Professional geographer》2017,69(4):655-660

Over the past three decades, feminist historiography of geography has begun to situate women's contribution to the production of geographical knowledge within the histories of geography, at times against the conviction of skeptical colleagues. In this Focus Section introduction, we renew Domosh's (1991a Domosh, M. 1991a. Beyond the frontiers of geographical knowledge. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 16 (4): 488–90.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], 1991b ———. 1991b. Toward a feminist historiography of geography. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 16 (1): 95–104.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) call for creating more inclusive feminist histories of geography by situating the three focus section articles on the careers and contributions of women in twentieth-century geographical practice and knowledge production in the United Kingdom and the United States within wider debates about diverse, unfamiliar, and previously hidden aspects of geographical knowledge production. We argue that feminist historiography of geography and feminist historical geography could benefit from continuously diversifying inclusive and comparative research perspectives, and from unlocking diverse archives, to enhance understanding of why and how some male and some female gatekeepers have been more supportive of women than others.  相似文献   

The Feminist Geographer as Killjoy: Excavating Gendered Urban Power Relations     

Brenda Parker 《The Professional geographer》2017,69(2):321-328

In this article, I place Ahmed's notion of the feminist killjoy into conversation with feminist geography literature to explore possibilities and praxis in research endeavoring to illuminate uneven power relations and the moral orders that frame them. According to Ahmed, a feminist killjoy is one who exposes sexism, heterosexism, and racism, only to be criticized for disrupting happiness and social consent. Drawing on fieldwork on urban politics and development, I explore the implications—both promise and peril—of adopting feminist killjoy research subjectivities, emphasizing the important role of affect. I suggest that when feminist researchers direct killjoy research not just at mainstream institutions but also at progressive endeavors, they risk being construed as double killjoys who disrupt supposed joy and solidarity within progressive politics.  相似文献   

“A Royal Geographical Society for Ladies”: The Lyceum Club and Women's Geographical Frontiers in Edwardian London     

Innes M. Keighren 《The Professional geographer》2017,69(4):661-669

This article reconstructs the history, organization, and campaigning function of the Geographical Circle of the Lyceum Club—a membership group that, under the leadership of Bessie Pullen-Burry (1858–1937), sought to promote and legitimize women's geographical work in early twentieth-century Britain. Through an examination of archival material and contemporary press coverage, I document the Geographical Circle's efforts to establish itself as a professional body for women geographers and to lobby for their admission to the Royal Geographical Society. Although considerable scholarly attention has been paid to women geographers’ individual contributions to the discipline, their cooperative, professionalizing endeavors have been comparatively neglected. In tracing the parallel history of the Circle as an example of women's self-organization, and of Pullen-Burry as an independent campaigner, I argue that a nuanced account of women's professionalization in geography demands attention to both individual and collective endeavors.  相似文献   

Feminizing the University: The Mobilities,Careers, and Contributions of Early Female Academics in the University of Cambridge, 1926–1955     

Heike Jöns 《The Professional geographer》2017,69(4):670-682

This article examines the role of early female academics at the University of Cambridge in the production and dissemination of knowledge between 1926 and 1955. A statistical comparison of women's use of academic leave of absence with that of their male colleagues reveals that, across disciplines, women were less integrated into (inter)national knowledge networks and thus less visible in their epistemic communities than men because women focused their academic leaves more on research, rarely attended conferences, traveled overseas less often than men, and went more frequently to destinations within Europe than the United States as the new economic hegemon. Biographical case studies of these early female academics demonstrate the importance, variously, of their upper middle-class background, academic excellence, and familial and nonfamilial patronage in developing their careers, overcoming multiple hurdles, and producing intellectual contributions of equal quality to that of their male peers. Conceptually, this article calls for the inclusion of academic travelers from disciplines other than geography into feminist histories of geographical knowledge and argues that rather than stereotyping gender differences, greater comparative research on the experiences of female and male academics is needed to understand the mechanisms of gender inequality within the university.  相似文献   

代际传递视角下中国城市家庭住房产权获得——基于上海的实证研究     

崔璨  崔军茹  李佳怡 《世界地理研究》2021,30(1):167-178

随着中国城市住房价格大幅上涨,住房可支付性成为青年面临的严峻挑战。尽管越来越多的研究开始关注中国城市住房不平等问题,但大多侧重住房资源分配由国家向市场的转移,相对而言,家庭在住房资源获取中的作用被忽视。本文选取上海市作为研究区域,使用2013年长三角社会变迁调查数据,以上海“80后”青年家庭为研究对象,重点关注夫妻双方父母的住房状况和社会经济属性对青年家庭住房产权获得的影响及性别差异。研究发现,父母户口很大程度上影响着青年家庭的住房结果;不同户口状况的父母住房财富存在较大分化,其影响着年轻家庭可获得的家庭购房资助的数额。与妻子父母相比,丈夫父母的户口状况对青年家庭住房结果的影响更大;而妻子父母在本地且拥有住房产权的双重优势与青年家庭住房产权获得有更强的正向联系。家庭背景对子代住房的影响结合婚姻匹配机制使住房优势或劣势在青年家庭内部累积,或会加剧住房分化现象。  相似文献   

Gender Differences in the Association between Common Mental Disorders and Regional Deprivation in Ireland     

Karyn Morrissey 《The Professional geographer》2016,68(1):129-137

This article aims to add a gender and place perspective to our understanding of depression and anxiety (common mental disorders [CMDs]) through the use of multilevel models. To date, regional variations in the prevalence of CMDs in Ireland have not been explained adequately. Using data from the 2007 Quarterly National Household Survey special module on health and health service utilization, this article examines whether regional differences in CMDs persist after accounting for both individual and regional characteristics. The null model indicated that 2 percent of the variance in CMDs occurred at the regional level. Including contextual interaction variables, the level of variance at the regional level increased to 3.3 percent. Of specific interest to this article was the association between place-based deprivation and gender on CMDs at the regional level. This article found that although regional deprivation alone did not have a significant impact on CMDs, the interaction between female and regional relative deprivation was significant. Specifically, this means that women living in more deprived regions tend to have a greater number of CMDs.  相似文献   

Migration and Development? The Gendered Costs of Migration on Mexico's Rural “Left Behind”          下载免费PDF全文

Rebecca M. Torres  Lindsey Carte 《Geographical review》2016,106(3):399-420

Governments, civil society, and policymakers assert the potential of international migration to foster development and alleviate poverty. Often such claims are rooted in macroscale geopolitical analyses of migration and development, which mask the localized, uneven, and embodied ways family members “left behind” bear the costs and subsidize the U.S./Mexico (inter)national integration project. Informed by feminist geopolitics, this article demonstrates how the left behind disproportionately bear the hidden costs of neoliberal restructuring and migration. We draw upon Mexican Migration Project (MMP) ethnosurvey data to frame the narratives of migrant family members left behind. Narratives were constructed through in‐depth interviews conducted in rural Veracruz. We conclude that in the absence of geographically specific examinations of the hidden costs associated with neoliberal development and migration it is possible that “migration for development” programs and policies may exacerbate inequities that will perpetuate migration and further weaken Mexican origin communities.  相似文献   

Architects and planners approaches to urban form and design in the Toronto region: A comparative analysis     

Mohamad Kashef 《Geoforum》2008,39(1):414-437

This study compares architectural and planning approaches to urban form and design within a North American context. It presents a critical assessment of the results of semi-structured, in-depth interviews with a group of highly experienced architects, landscape architects, and planners from the Greater Toronto Region. Dialogues with practitioners revealed a growing intellectual divide in regard to understanding urban form and design issues. Planners portrayed the urban form as a product of social and economic forces or a backdrop for civic institutions, private development initiatives, and public action. Architects and landscape architects, on the other hand, emphasized the importance of built configurations and spatial relations in shaping economic, social, and cultural patterns. With such a polarized perspective of urban development processes, each group of practitioners proposed different and somewhat contradictory visions for the future of North American built forms. This study develops an understanding of theoretical and pragmatic concerns within design professions (architecture/landscape architecture) and social science professions (planning at large) that hamper the development of integrative urban design visions. It extends an interdisciplinary understanding of built environments and the forces that shape them and paves the way for more in-depth studies aimed at creating more integrative urban design theories and development strategies.  相似文献   

Governing through mobilities and the expansion of spatial capability of Vietnamese marriage migrant activist women in South Korea     

《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2018,39(3):364-381

This paper revisits the debate on marriage migration by highlighting the role of governing power and individual response in the process of migration decision‐making and post‐settlement of Vietnamese marriage migrant activist women in South Korea. It contributes to current marriage migration debates by employing the lens of ‘governmobility’ and ‘spatial capability’. The research looks at how female migrant activists maneuver coercion, resistance, and activism, both governed by nation‐state politics, but also actively deciding their fate amidst pressures of the global marriage market. Based on in‐depth interviews with 21 Vietnamese marriage migrant women who have worked in mentoring, counselling and translating for other Vietnamese migrants, our findings demonstrate that marriage migrants are positioned in between two nation‐states whose perspectival focus is on relieving the tensions of their own domestic job and marital markets. At the same time, these women have broken free from the inertia of socio‐familial status quo and state intervention to become self‐governing agents of mobility in various stages of their migration and adaptation. Fueled on by their position as activists, the marriage migrants then expand their spatial capability to place‐making—shifting the notion of freedom from simply taking part in mobility to reshaping their locale.  相似文献