3种海洋养殖贝类体内的脂肪酸组成     

庆宁  林岳光  沈琪 《热带海洋学报》1999,18(1):988A

分析了华贵栉孔扇贝Ｃｈｌａｍｙｓｎｏｂｉｌｉｓ（Ｒｅｅｖｅ）、合浦珠母贝Ｐｉｎｃｔａｄａｍａｔｅｎｓｉｉ（Ｄｕｕｋｅｒ）、翡翠贻贝Ｐｅｒｎａｖｉｒｌｄｉｓ（Ｌｉｎｎａｅｕｓ）的软体部、肝胰腺和生殖腺的脂肪酸组成及含量。３种贝的各组织中,不饱和脂肪酸含量均较饱和脂肪酸含量高。多不饱和脂肪酸（ＰＵＦＡ）含量丰富,其中二十碳五烯酸（ＥＰＡ）和二十二碳六烯酸（ＤＨＡ）含量相当高,占总脂肪的２５．２６％－２７．２１％。３种贝中,翡翠贻贝的油含量最高（１３．６８％）,软体部的ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ含量也较高（２６．９５％）,最具开发利用价值。  相似文献   

中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)的白点综合征病毒(WSSV)的提纯和核酸提取   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

汪岷  包振民  邵济钧  戴继勋  徐怀恕 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(3)

作者从发生白点综合征的中国对虾中,提取了一株白点综合征病毒,用电镜对纯化的病毒进行了形态学观察,并对病毒纯化过程中蛋白酶抑制剂的使用及离心速度的选择进行了探讨。经蔗糖密度梯度离心,分取各带负染后电镜观察,病毒条带位于４０％～５０％蔗糖梯度之间,其完整毒粒长２２５～２７０ｎｍ,直径７５～８８ｎｍ,有的完整毒粒带有很长的尾,病毒衣壳长２５０～３２０ｎｍ,直径６０～８０ｎｍ。在匀浆使用的缓冲液中加入蛋白酶抑制剂ＰＭＳＦ,可得到完整的带包膜的病毒颗粒,比不使用ＰＭＳＦ的提纯效果要好。经３０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ离心５ｍｉｎ,５０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ离心２５ｍｉｎ,去除大部分的组织碎片,经１００００ｒ／ｍｉｎ离心１ｈ,可使大部分病毒沉淀。并采用传统的方法对病毒核酸进行了提取,其基因组经初步分析为ｄｓＤＮＡ。  相似文献   

Dynamics of fatty acids in newly biosynthesized phytoplankton cells and seston during a spring bloom off the west coast of Hokkaido Island, Japan     

K. H. Shin  T. Hama  N. Yoshie  S. Noriki  S. Tsunogai 《Marine Chemistry》2000,70(4):11

¹³C uptake experiments were carried out at a station off the west coast of Hokkaido Island, Japan, during the period between late winter and spring bloom in 1997. The composition of newly biosynthesized particulate fatty acids was determined using a ¹³C tracer and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (¹³C GC/MS), and compared with that of particulate matter (seston). Two fatty acid compositional ratios revealed that diatoms biomass (16:1(n−7)/16:0, ∑C₁₆/∑C₁₈) were strikingly high in new cells compared with seston on 17 April, coinciding with the dominance of fucoxanthin. In this study, the Polyunsaturation Index (a measure of the percentage of C₁₆ fatty acids that are polyunsaturated) in new cells is generally close to that in seston, while there was a notable discrepancy between new cells and seston in surface (10 m) waters on 17 April. This large difference between new cells and seston is ascribed to: (1) an increase of newly synthesized storage lipids (mainly 16:0 and 16:1) induced by nitrogen limitation in the top 10 m of the water column; (2) an addition of earlier synthesized phytoplankton cells (high Polyunsaturation Index at logarithmic growth stage) and non-phytoplankton components (detritus and bacteria and zooplankton) into seston. The highest Polyunsaturation Index of C₁₆ fatty acids in seston (33%) occurred at 100 m water depth. This may be caused by “settling planktonic aggregates” or “diatom resting spores”. In the present study, it is reasonable to suggest that the Polyunsaturation Index of C₁₆ fatty acids can be a useful indicator for the ecophysiological state of marine diatom populations.  相似文献   

氮源和N/P对眼点拟微球藻的生长、总脂含量和脂肪酸组成的影响   总被引：22，自引：3，他引：19  

魏东  张学成  隋正红  徐怀恕 《海洋科学》2000,24(7):46-51

报道了ＮａＮＯ３,ＮＨ４Ｃｌ和ＮＨ４ＮＯ３种氮源及Ｎ／Ｐ对海洋微藻眼点拟微球藻（Ｎａｎｎｏｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｓｉｓ ｏｃｕｌａｔａ）的生长、总脂含量和脂肪酸组成的影响。结果表明,Ｎ／Ｐ从１０增加到９０,对细胸生长的影响不大,总脂含量最终都稳定在干重的２０％左右。１６：０、１６：Ｉｎ－９和２０：５ｎ－３（ＥＰＡ）是脂肪酸的主要组成,三者之和占总脂肪酸的７０％～８０％。在培养基Ｎ／Ｐ〉２０时,２０：５０ｎ  相似文献   

几种化合物改变纤维海泡石对红细胞毒性初探     

邓建军  董发勤  吴逢春  李国武  赵世泉  庄稼 《岩石矿物学杂志》2000,19(3):254-257

纤维海泡石对红细胞有毒性。本文采用阳离子交换、Ｇａｍｂｌｅ溶液、有机酸及尼古丁处理纤维海泡石,观察处理前后红细胞的溶血率及指质过氧化的主要产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的变化。结果显示：经过阳离子交换及Ｇａｍｂｌｅ溶液处理,纤维海泡石对红细胞的毒性显著降低,其机制可能是延长了界／膜形成时间,降低了脂质过氧化的强度;有毒物质,如尼古丁的参与则增强了海泡石对红细胞的毒性;有机酸处理对红细胞的毒性影响不明显。  相似文献   

Abundance, Sources and Speciation of Trace Elements in Humus-Rich Streams Affected by Acid Sulphate Soils   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Mats Åström  Nina Corin 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2000,6(3):367-383

The behaviour of trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr,Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Zn) was studied in five humus-richstreams (dissolved organic carbon = 14–40 mg/L)impacted by acid sulphate soils developed in marinesulphide-bearing fine-grained sediments. During heavyrainfalls in autumn, on which the study focusses, themetals Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn are extensivelyleached from these acidic soils (pH = 2.5–4.5), whileAs, Cr, Fe and V are not leached more strongly fromthis soil type than from areas of till and peat. Aspeciation experiment, based on anion and cationexchange of the stream waters in the field, showedthat (1) the metals Al, Cd, Co, Mn, Ni and Zn aretransported in the streams mainly as inorganiccations, (2) Cu exists mainly in cationic form but isalso to a significant extent associated with dissolvedhumic substances, (3) Fe occurs mainly in the anionicfraction explained by organic coating on colloidal Feoxyhydoxides and (4) the hydrochemistry of As, Cr andV is complex as these elements may exist in severalunquantified anionic fractions and to a minor extentin cationic species/forms. Whereas the proportion ofacid sulphate soils in the catchments had a largeimpact on concentrations levels of several elements inthe stream waters, these soils did not have a largeaffect on the speciation of elements in water.  相似文献   

养殖大黄鱼生化组份的分析   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

全成干  王军  丁少雄  苏永全 《台湾海峡》2000,19(2):197-200

本文测定了厦门火烧屿养殖大黄鱼成、幼鱼肌肉中蛋白质、脂类和糖类等生化组份,并计算其比能值;分析了肌肉蛋白南中１７种常见氨基酸的含量。结果表明：成鱼肌肉蛋白质占１８．９％（湿重比,下同）脂类为３．１１％,糖类为１．６２％,水份占７５．３０％,灰份为０．９５％。比能值为５．９７ＫＪ／ｇ,Ｅ／Ｐ值为３１．６２ＫＪ／ｇ。幼鱼肌肉中占７５．３０％,灰份为０．９５％。比值为５．９８ＫＪ／ｇ,Ｅ／Ｐ值为３１．６  相似文献   

Effects of indole-3-acetic acid and zinc on the growth, osmotic potential and soluble carbon and nitrogen components of soybean plants growing under water deficit     

M. A. A. Gadallah 《Journal of Arid Environments》2000,44(4):451

Three-week old soybean (Glycine max) plants were subjected to a factorial combination of four regimes of soil matric water potential (ψ_m=−0·03, −0·5, −1·0 and −1·5 MPa), two levels of supplementary Zn (O and 20 mgl⁻¹) and two levels of foliar IAA application (O and 10 mgl⁻¹). Under control conditions (no Zn, no IAA), increasing soil drying progressively retarded shoot and root growth (length and dry mass production), reduced leaf relative water content (RWC) and decreased the contents of chlorophyll (Chl) and shoot soluble sugars (SS), but increased soluble sugar content of roots and lowered osmotic water potential of shoots and roots (osmotic adjustment). Total free amino acid (TAA) content increased in shoots but decreased in roots whereas contents of soluble proteins (SP) decreased in shoots and roots. The effect of water stress was statistically significant (p<0·05) and had a major effect (as indicated by η²values) on leaf RWC, shoot and root dry masses and osmotic potential. Supplementary Zn improved root growth at all levels of stress and shoot growth under severe stress. Improvement of growth was positively correlated with the internal tissue Zn concentrations (r=0·91 and 0·86 for shoot and 0·94 and 0·82 for root length and dry mass respectively). Exogenous IAA raised (p<0·05) RWC, Chl, DM (slightly), root SS, and SP, whereas shoot TAA was lowered. Effects on root TAA and shoot SS were more complex: they were lowered at zero stress and raised under severe stress. IAA and Zn in combination had additive effects on Chl, growth and osmotic potential, but their combined effects on SP and TAA were more complex. It is concluded that the treatment of soybean plants grown under conditions of low soil water potentials and Zn deficiency with Zn and IAA solutions counteracted the deleterious effects of stress, especially at high stress levels, and helped stressed plants to grow successfully under these adverse unfavourable conditions.  相似文献   

基于脂质组学的海洋颗石藻病毒甾醇去饱和酶及脂肪酸去饱和酶基因功能分析          下载免费PDF全文

马晖  王彩凤  李桂玲  李健  刘静雯 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(1):125-138

赫氏颗石藻(Emiliania huxleyi)宿主-病毒(E.huxleyi virus,EhV)的互作过程是影响海洋碳、硫生物地球化学循环及气候变化的重要环节。在共进化过程中,Eh V通过基因水平转移从宿主基因组中“劫获”了一组鞘脂从头合成相关酶基因,重构宿主脂代谢网络以支持病毒的特殊需求。目前,对病毒这组相关酶基因的生物学功能尚不十分清楚。以颗石藻病毒Eh V-99B1基因组中的甾醇去饱和酶(EhV-SD)和脂肪酸去饱和酶(Eh V-FAD)基因为研究对象,构建酿酒酵母重组表达载体p YES2/CT-SD和p YES2/CT-FAD,转化相应的基因缺陷型酵母菌株YMR015C和YGL055W获得重组酵母细胞株,进一步采用UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS非靶向脂质组学技术,比较分析重组酵母和缺陷型酵母细胞脂质的组成和含量变化。结果显示,Eh V-SD与Eh V-FAD基因在酿酒酵母中成功表达并具有生物学活性。Eh V-SD过表达显著改变了重组酵母细胞脂质代谢,含多不饱和酰基链的磷脂酰胆碱(PC,20︰4/20︰5/20︰6)和甘油三酯(TAG,12︰3)种类的丰度显著升高;而部...  相似文献   

外源溶解性有机碳对抚仙湖甲壳类浮游动物碳源的贡献   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

孙欢  张永东  于谨磊  胡金润  刘正文  苏雅玲 《湖泊科学》2017,29(4):887-895

外源溶解性有机碳(DOC)是湖泊碳库的重要组成部分,关于外源DOC对浮游动物的贡献及途径需要深入研究.本研究在抚仙湖受控实验中添加13C标记的葡萄糖,通过分析样品中浮游植物与浮游动物的种类、数量、磷脂脂肪酸生物标志物及其稳定同位素特征,研究外源DOC对湖泊甲壳类浮游动物碳源的贡献比例及其变化.结果表明:细菌、甲壳类浮游动物(象鼻溞)的δ~(13)C值在加入葡萄糖后分别从-16.28‰和-23.88‰快速增加到5408.25‰和1974.7‰,而藻类磷脂脂肪酸(C18∶2ω6)δ~(13)C值从-27.07‰增加到342.44‰,增长的幅度表明添加的葡萄糖首先被细菌和浮游动物快速利用,而藻类只利用了一小部分.同时细菌、颗粒性有机物(POM)和浮游动物的δ~(13)C值在第1 d急剧增加,细菌的δ~(13)C值远大于浮游动物和POM的δ~(13)C值,之后细菌和POM的δ~(13)C值开始下降,但浮游动物的δ~(13)C值却仍在缓慢增加,进一步表明了DOC进入湖泊后首先被细菌吸收利用,而细菌吸收DOC后通过自身代谢作用形成细胞颗粒,浮游甲壳类动物通过摄食细胞颗粒来获得外源DOC.  相似文献