自适应高程分级的城区DSM晕渲方法     

张衡  古林玉  阎晓东 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(1)

在对传统的分层设色晕渲理论应用于城区DSM的可视化技术进行充分研究的基础上,提出了一种基于高程直方图的自适应高程分级方法。该方法通过高程直方图研究城区地形、地物的高程分布及变化特征,自适应建立高程带分级模型。实验表明,提出的晕渲图制作方法兼顾了地貌形态和地物特征的表达,成果色彩过渡自然,层次清晰,地形、地物区分明显,有较强的艺术性和实用价值。  相似文献   

采用弯曲进行道路化简冲突避免的方法   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

何海威  钱海忠  王骁  胡慧明  陈竞男 《测绘学报》2016,45(3):354-361

针对道路化简后可能导致要素间空间关系前后不一致的问题,提出了一种采用弯曲进行道路化简冲突避免的方法。首先,以弯曲为单元分析道路化简前后弯曲的形态变化规律,对化简过程产生的要素间空间冲突类型进行了归纳和总结;其次,基于道路弯曲与要素之间的空间关系,提出了相应的冲突判别规则;最后,利用弯曲化简的可控性和弯曲组的间接化简策略实现对化简冲突的避免。试验表明,该方法能有效地识别和避免道路化简产生的空间冲突,确保化简前后道路与其他要素空间关系的一致性。  相似文献   

一种迭代法的圆曲线拟合方法     

陈明晶  方源敏  马波  陈杰 《测绘科学》2016,41(5):133-136

针对在实际测量工作中量测圆心坐标及半径时存在的问题,该文基于迭代法的思想,推导了一种圆曲线拟合的方法,并用实例数据进行了检验。结果显示,该方法在离散点均匀采集或非均匀采集的情况下均具有良好的拟合效果,与目前在圆曲线拟合方法中普遍采用的最小二乘法相比,具有同样高的拟合精度,验证了该拟合方法的正确性与可行性。  相似文献   

一种曲线拟合圆心坐标算法及精度分析     

田镇  杨志强  石震  党永超  马骥 《测绘科学》2016,41(11):31-34,55

针对在工程应用中,经常需要根据某些圆形物体上的离散点求取其圆心坐标,而采用何种算法简单易行,其精度又与哪些因素有关的相关研究较少的问题,该文提出一种利用曲线拟合求取圆心坐标的简洁算法,并编程实现。然后采用模拟仿真结合统计分析的方法评估了该算法在不同条件下的拟合精度,得出测点误差越大,拟合精度越低;测点个数越多,分布越均匀,拟合精度越高;圆半径对拟合精度影响甚小等结论。在某工程项目中使用该算法得到的结果精度较高,验证了其有效可行,且与采用其他方法得到的坐标值较为接近,说明了该算法的可靠性高。  相似文献   

Curve matching approaches to waveform classification: a case study using ICESat data     

Yuhong Zhou  Feng Ni  Yifei Lou  Caiyun Zhang  Mohammed Alfarhan 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2016,53(6):739-758

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) waveforms are being increasingly used in many forest and urban applications, especially for ground feature classification. However, most studies relied on either discretizing waveforms to multiple returns or extracting shape metrics from waveforms. The direct use of the full waveform, which contains the most comprehensive and accurate information has been scarcely explored. We proposed to utilize the complete waveform to test its ability to differentiate between objects having distinct vertical structures using curve matching approaches. Two groups of curve matching approaches were developed by extending methods originally designed for pixel-based hyperspectral image classification and object-based high spatial image classification. The first group is based on measuring the curve similarity between an unknown waveform and a reference waveform, including curve root sum squared differential area (CRSSDA), curve angle mapper (CAM), and Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence. The second group assesses the curve similarity between an unknown and reference cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of their waveforms, including cumulative curve root sum squared differential area (CCRSSDA), cumulative curve angle mapper (CCAM), and Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) distance. When employed to classify open space, trees, and buildings using ICESat waveform data, KL provided the highest average classification accuracy (87%), closely followed by CCRSSDA and CCAM, and they all significantly outperformed KS, CRSSDA, and CAM based on 15 randomized sample sets.  相似文献   

Modification of strain wedge method for lateral soil-pile interaction in sandEI北大核心CSCD     

Yang Xiao-feng  Zhang Chen-rong  Huang Mao-song  Yuan Ju-yun 《岩土力学》2016,(10):2877-2884

A modified strain wedge (SW) method for analyzing the behavior of laterally loaded single piles in sand is proposed. The modified model assumes that the lateral displacements of a pile behind the three-dimensional passive soil wedge are nonlinear, which makes the horizontal soil strain variable with depths instead of a constant value in the original strain wedge model, and also employs two different hyperbolic models, one for describing horizontal stress increment-strain behavior of soil in the wedge, and the other for describing the shear stress-displacement property at the interface between soil and pile shafts. An example is analyzed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the modified method, and a good agreement is obtained. Finally, the effects of modifications on the lateral bearing capacity of pile shafts are discussed. The results show that the problem of overestimating the lateral bearing capacity of piles with strain wedge method can be ameliorated by introducing the assumption of nonlinear lateral displacements of piles. It makes the SW method more convenient and effective in analyzing the behavior of laterally loaded piles by introducing the new relationships of horizontal stress increment-strain and shear stress-displacement.  相似文献   

不同地形条件地面同步光谱定标场对比研究     

王瑞军  祝亚荔  李名松  孙永彬  张春雷  李婧玥 《矿产与地质》2016,(4):662-668

利用美国ASD公司的FieldSpec Pro FR地面波谱仪,选择5°视场角探头和135cm探头距测试地物高度,开展0°、5°、10°、15°、20°等五种不同地形坡度明、暗地物自然定标场地面波谱测试。通过对比研究不同地形坡度具代表性、能真实反映被测试目标平均自然性的各波谱测试点波谱曲线特征,得出0°、5°地形坡度获取的波谱曲线连续、平滑,信噪比高,没有混入大气水气吸收、仪器噪声等因素导致的剧烈波动、跳跃现象或尖锐锯齿状噪声,波谱特征明显,吸收峰最小值位置清晰可辨,各波谱测试点波谱曲线变化幅度小,整体反射率值变化小,Fe~(2+)、Fe~(3+)、Al-OH、Mg-OH、CO_3~(2-)等分子基团与离子波谱的诊断性波谱特征位置清晰可辨。因此0°和5°坡度地形条件获取的地面同步自然场光谱定标波谱曲线,可以满足航空高光谱遥感数据的大气校正、光谱重建和空、地回归分析等所需的地面波谱数据要求。  相似文献   

紫色土水分特征曲线室内测定方法的对比   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王红兰  唐翔宇  鲜青松  刘琛  关卓 《水科学进展》2016,27(2):240-248

为探寻全吸力范围内土壤水分特征曲线的可靠测定方法,采用沙箱排水法、Hyprop仪蒸发法、压力膜仪排水法和露点水势仪蒸发法分吸力段测定盐亭紫色土耕地表层2~7 cm和亚表层7~12 cm土壤的水分特征曲线,对比测定结果的方法间差异,并分析其原因。结果表明:对于表层和亚表层土壤,低吸力段(h >-100 cm)水分特征曲线的沙箱法和Hyprop仪法的均方根误差E_RMS (θ)均较小,在0.026~0.082 cm3/cm3范围内,确定系数R2均大于0.962,说明这两种方法测定结果之间差异不大。高吸力段(h <-330 cm)的压力膜仪法与露点仪法测定结果之间的差异较大,E_RMS (θ)为0.062~0.097 cm3/cm3,R2较低,为0.775~0.952。因此,全吸力范围内水分特征曲线测定方法的选择与组合应考虑土壤孔径分布特征和研究目的。  相似文献   

A synthetic aperture radar sea surface distribution estimation by n-order Bézier curve and its application in ship detection   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郎海涛  张杰  王一多  张晰  孟俊敏 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(9):117-125

To dates,most ship detection approaches for single-pol synthetic aperture radar(SAR) imagery try to ensure a constant false-alarm rate(CFAR).A high performance ship detector relies on two key components:an accurate estimation to a sea surface distribution and a fine designed CFAR algorithm.First,a novel nonparametric sea surface distribution estimation method is developed based on n-order Bézier curve.To estimate the sea surface distribution using n-order Bézier curve,an explicit analytical solution is derived based on a least square optimization,and the optimal selection also is presented to two essential parameters,the order n of Bézier curve and the number m of sample points.Next,to validate the ship detection performance of the estimated sea surface distribution,the estimated sea surface distribution by n-order Bézier curve is combined with a cell averaging CFAR(CA-CFAR).To eliminate the possible interfering ship targets in background window,an improved automatic censoring method is applied.Comprehensive experiments prove that in terms of sea surface estimation performance,the proposed method is as good as a traditional nonparametric Parzen window kernel method,and in most cases,outperforms two widely used parametric methods,K and G0 models.In terms of computation speed,a major advantage of the proposed estimation method is the time consuming only depended on the number m of sample points while independent of imagery size,which makes it can achieve a significant speed improvement to the Parzen window kernel method,and in some cases,it is even faster than two parametric methods.In terms of ship detection performance,the experiments show that the ship detector which constructed by the proposed sea surface distribution model and the given CA-CFAR algorithm has wide adaptability to different SAR sensors,resolutions and sea surface homogeneities and obtains a leading performance on the test dataset.  相似文献   

利用监督分类快速提取分层设色图件中数据的方法     

刘晓  黄海军  孙荣涛  张照录  宋明春  董慧君 《海洋科学》2016,40(7):110-114

为了快速将分层设色图件中象元的颜色值转化为具有实际意义的属性标识或物理、化学参数值,从而提取分层设色图件中包含的数据,作者提出了根据不同颜色分量(RGB)构建颜色特征空间,基于最小距离监督分类方法快速提取分层设色图件中数据的方法。使用该方法对东半球海域海面水汽分布数据进行提取,取得了良好的效果。该方法可以广泛应用于物理海洋、环境科学、地质调查、地理信息系统建库等多个行业领域的数据提取工作中。  相似文献