浑善达克沙地种子植物属的地理成分分析   总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4  

张存厚  刘果厚  赵杏花 《中国沙漠》2006,26(6):1024-1032

运用植物区系地理学的基本原理,通过对浑善达克沙地种子植物属的组成、地理成分统计、排序和分析,结果表明:浑善达克沙地物种的多样性较高,属的分布区类型以温带成分占绝对优势,其中北温带分布型所占的百分比数最高,占本区种子植物区系中非世界属数的37.2%,其次是旧大陆温带分布,反映出该区系的温带性质,体现了浑善达克沙地植物分布与本地区的气候带相适应的结果。本区系具有一定数量的古老成分,地理成分混杂且具有明显的过渡性,同时该区系又具有明显的脆弱性;特有程度较低。  相似文献   

Fossil Taiwannia from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning,Northeast China and its phytogeography significance     

MingZhen Zhang  BaoXia Du  PeiHong Jin  BaiNian Sun 《寒旱区科学》2018,10(6):502-515

Fossil Taiwania was discovered from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Lingyuan City, western Liaoning Province, Northeast China. It is identified as a new species, Taiwania lingyuanensis sp. nov.. The present specimen is preserved as impressions with well defined leaf shoots system and reproductive structures. Leaves are dimorphic, spirally and imbricately arranged. They are scale-like on the main and cone-bearing branchlets, and subulate to falcate-subulate on the juvenile or sterile shoots. The seed cones are singly elliptic, ovate or elongate-ovate and terminally borne on ultimate shoots, bearing 22–24 scale-bracts complexes imbricately and helically arranged around the cone axis, the bracts are broadovate, rhomboidal or hexagonal with entire margins. Both the leafy shoots morphology and reproductive structures are similar to extant Taiwania. Furthermore, geological distribution and molecular biological evidences support that Taiwania is probably originated from the eastern Asia at least in the Early Cretaceous and widely distributed in the North Hemisphere thereafter.  相似文献   

自然环境高温对长江中下游地区中稻结实率的影响及模拟     

宣守丽  石春林  刘杨 《气象与环境科学》2017,40(1):73-77

利用长江中下游地区6个代表站2004—2011年中籼迟熟水稻品种区试资料及1984—2013年逐日最高气温资料,通过分析田间环境下逐日最高气温与水稻结实率的关系发现,长江中下游地区中稻高温敏感时段主要在水稻齐穗期前36天至齐穗期前4天。其中,齐穗期前14天左右(减数分裂期前后)高温对结实率的影响最为显著。在此基础上,利用水稻高温败育模型,根据各样本水稻减数分裂期逐日最高气温,实现研究区域站点尺度水稻高温败育的定量模拟预测。模型对高温年份2004年和2007年各站点水稻相对结实率模拟和预测的均方根误差分别为4.74%和2.84%。分析表明,利用基于水稻高温败育模型的定量模拟方法,可对长江中下游地区水稻高温热害情况进行较好预测。  相似文献   

滇中南无量山种子植物区系联系及其地位     

彭华  吴征镒 《山地学报》1997,(3)

无量山种子植物区系迄今为止含207科,1027属,2548种,极其丰富,通过对区系相似性系数、云南各自然小区的共有种频率以及中国特有属三方面的分析,把无量山置于东亚植物区的中国-喜马拉雅森林植物亚区的云南高原地区。  相似文献   

基于人为调控盐度的促进大叶藻种子萌发及建苗技术研究     

刘云龙  张学雷  宋伟  王宗灵 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(8):99-105

Vast declines in Zostera marina seagrass beds demand effective methods of rehabilitation. In this study, we developed a practical method by reducing salinity to induce seed germination followed with recovering salinity to facilitate seedling production of Z. marina. The results showed that Z. marina seeds collected from natural seawater(salinity 30) were induced to germinate at reduced salinities. Percent germination(GR) was higher and mean-time-to-germinate(MTG) was shorter at lower salinities. The highest GR and shortest MTG occurred at salinity 0(deionized freshwater). After germination in freshwater, seeds could develop into seedlings at salinities5–30 and continue the growth. Viability or development of germinated seeds was not significantly different during the 40 d of post-germination incubation at salinities 5–15 after 1–20 d of germination in freshwater. However,during the process of translating germinated seeds from salinity 0 and 5 to salinity 30, reducing the gradients of post-germination acclimation facilitated more seeds forming seedlings in less time. On average, after 60 d of static incubation, including 20 d in freshwater for germination followed with immediate shift to salinity 5 and increasing to salinity 30 at increment of 5 every two days until cultivation at constant salinity 30, 33% of Z. marina seeds produced healthy seedlings. The results indicate that the salinity-manipulation based method of artificial germination and seedling production is practical and effective in supporting rehabilitation of Z. marina bed.  相似文献   

A Whole Plant Herbaceous Angiosperm from the Middle Jurassic of China     

HAN Gang  LIU Zhongjian  LIU Xueling  MAO Limi  Frédéric M.B. JACQUES  WANG Xin 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(1):19-29

In contrast to woody habit with secondary growth, truthful herbaceous habit lacking secondary growth is restricted to angiosperms among seed plants. Although angiosperms might have occurred as early as in the Triassic and herbaceous habit theoretically may have been well adopted by pioneer angiosperms, pre-Cretaceous herbs are missing hitherto, leaving the origin of herbs and evolution of herbaceous angiosperms mysterious. Here we report Juraherba bodae gen. et sp. nov, a whole plant herbaceous angiosperm, from the Middle Jurassic (>164 Ma) at Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China, a fossil Lagerst?tten that is worldwide famous for various fossil finds. The angiospermous affinity of Juraherba is ensured by its enclosed ovules/seeds. The plant is small but complete, with physically connected hairy root, stem, leaves, and fructifications. The Middle Jurassic age recommends Juraherba as the earliest record of herbaceous seed plants, demanding a refresh look at the evolutionary history of angiosperms.  相似文献   

放牧制度对荒漠草原可萌发土壤种子库的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闫瑞瑞  卫智军  辛晓平  刘红梅  杨静  乌仁其其格 《中国沙漠》2011,30(3):703-709

 以内蒙古苏尼特右旗短花针茅荒漠草原为研究对象,通过划区轮牧与自由放牧的比较试验,研究可萌发土壤种子库对不同放牧制度的响应。结果表明:①可萌发种子库物种组成在划区轮牧草地为11种,自由放牧草地为8种,封育禁牧区为9种,划区轮牧较自由放牧和禁牧有利于提高草地群落可萌发土壤种子库的植物种数以及多年生优良牧草;可萌发土壤种子库密度在封育禁牧区为(19 533.33±10 552.83)粒·m-2,划区轮牧区为(3 233.33±524.21)粒·m-2,自由放牧区为(2 553.60±2 152.48)粒·m-2,可萌发土壤种子库密度封育禁牧区显著高于划区轮牧区与自由放牧区,两放牧处理间无显著差异。②不同处理可萌发土壤种子库垂直分布有共同趋势, 有75.06%~83.19%分布在0~5 cm土层内,14.16%~21.68%分布在5~10 cm土层内,2.65%~4.90%分布在10~15 cm土层内,且不同土层可萌发土壤种子库密度均为封育禁牧区显著高于划区轮牧区与自由放牧区,两放牧处理间无显著差异。③划区轮牧区可萌发土壤种子库的丰富度指数和多样性指数高于自由放牧区。划区轮牧区和封育禁牧区可萌发土壤种子库组成的相似性系数最大,为0.857。  相似文献   

多环芳烃在水稻籽粒中的分布及其与环境介质含量的关系     

焦杏春  叶传永  武振艳  罗松光  刘煜 《岩矿测试》2010,29(4):331-334

介绍了江西南昌某郊区采集的成熟期(2008年9月)和收割期(2008年10月)的水稻籽粒中多环芳烃(PAHs)的富集情况,并与同时期的环境介质(土壤、空气气相以及颗粒物)中多环芳烃的含量及分布情况作了相关性分析。结果表明,研究区水稻籽粒中16种多环芳烃(∑PAHs)总量平均为(74.8±13.6)ng/g,水稻土壤中∑PAHs含量平均为(203.7±14.3)ng/g,空气气相样品中∑PAHs含量平均为68.25 ng/m3,以3环和4环多环芳烃为优势化合物;颗粒物样品中∑PAHs含量平均为42.28 ng/m3,以4环、5环和6环多环芳烃为优势化合物。各介质多环芳烃含量在国内同类地区中均位于中等偏下水平。将多环芳烃在水稻籽粒和各个介质之间的生物富集系数与化合物的辛醇分配系数KOC、KOA作对数变换后比较,发现水稻籽粒中多环芳烃的分布与水稻土和空气颗粒物中的多环芳烃没有太大关系;而与空气气相中的多环芳烃关系较明显,证实了前人得到的气相化合物对植物体内化合物的分配起着主要贡献的研究结论。  相似文献   

基于GIS的复杂地形洪水淹没区计算方法   总被引：64，自引：0，他引：64  

刘仁义  刘南 《地理学报》2001,56(1):1-6

利用GIS技术计算洪水淹没区范围一直是灾害评估研究中的一个热点问题。通过给出两种情形下基于种子蔓延算法的淹没区计算方法，即有源 淹没和无源淹没。淹没区计算精度主要取决于空间数据精度的优劣；种子蔓延算法及探测分辨率决定了整个模型的效率。文中最后给出了该模型在“水利综合管理信息系统”中得到验证和实现的实例。  相似文献   

The effects of temperature and moisture on after-ripening of Cenchrus ciliaris seeds     

Farzad Sharif-Zadeh  Alistair J. Murdoch 《Journal of Arid Environments》2001,49(4):823

After-ripening of Cenchrus ciliaris L. spikelets was modelled during storage at various temperatures and equilibrium relative humidities (e.r.h.). At 40 and 50% e.r.h., the rate of after-ripening increased linearly with increase of storage temperature. The highest after-ripening rate was achieved by storing the seeds in 40°C and 50% e.r.h. At 70% e.r.h., however, seeds remained viable at 20 and 30°C but largely failed to after-ripen. Use of the model to predict the storage period required for decreasing dormancy to any desired level is described. The application to re-seeding degraded rangelands in arid areas is discussed.  相似文献