不同水交换量下皱纹盘鲍转录组测序与分析     

周佳峥  郭永军  全峰  梁健  李永仁  黄亚冬  梁爽 《海洋科学》2022,46(12):159-168

养殖过程的循环水交换量能够显著影响皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)的生理状态, 进而影响其养殖存活率和生长率, 然而不同循环水量对于皱纹盘鲍的生理状态影响的分子机制尚不明确。本实验以皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)为研究对象, 将鲍分别置于循环水交换频率为1次/d、2次/d、4次/d的条件下(编号为C0、T2和T4组)暂养3 d, 然后利用Illumina Hiseq 2500技术测定不同处理组鲍鱼的肌肉组织中转录组表达情况。结果表明, 单次换水组(C0)和多次换水组(T2和T4)间差异表达的基因个数较多, 分别为4 095和3 617个, 而T2与T4组之间的差异表达基因个数则较少, 仅为232个。对差异表达基因进行GO和KEGG功能分析显示, 单次换水组(C0)和多次换水组(T2和T4)间差异表达的基因主要集中在能量代谢和免疫反应相关通路或基因, 随机选取10个差异基因进行荧光定量PCR验证, 定量PCR结果与转录谱结果一致, 证实了转录组测序结果的可靠性。本研究说明了更高的水交换量下, 鲍的代谢和免疫相关通路被激活, 可能有助于鲍鱼维持较好的生理和免疫状态, 从而表现出更好的生长、存活等表型。  相似文献   

Diel variation of benthic respiration in a coral reef sediment (Reunion Island,Indian Ocean)     

Jacques Clavier  Laurent Chauvaud  Pascale Cuet  Clémentine Esbelin  Patrick Frouin  Dorothée Taddei  Gérard Thouzeau 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

Oxygen and total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fluxes at the water–sediment interface were measured using benthic chambers to assess the short-term variations of community respiration (CR) in the back reef sediments of Reunion Island (Indian Ocean). Benthic CR had a daily cycle of minimal (6:00 AM) and maximal values (6:00 PM), showing increases of oxygen and DIC fluxes of 2.8- and 3.8-fold, respectively. Average CR values were observed at midday and midnight. The evolution of fluxes was positively related to oxygen concentration in ambient water, but not to temperature changes. In the study area, high daytime primary production augments the amount of energy available for community metabolism and increases benthic respiration. The benthic communities are therefore subjected to short-term variable environmental conditions with oxygen supersaturation during the day, and moderately hypoxic conditions at the end of the night.  相似文献   

Beyond collapse: climate change and causality during the Middle Holocene Climatic Transition, 6400–5000 years before present     

《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2012,112(2):93-104

The twenty-first century is likely to be characterised by large changes in regional climatic and environmental conditions, with implications for the availability and distribution of key resources such as water and productive land. While the implications of such changes for human societies are potentially profound, the empirical evidence base for understanding human–environment interactions focuses largely on the relatively recent past, during which examples of rapid and severe climate change are lacking. While there are no precise past analogues for twenty-first century climate change, the Middle Holocene Climatic Transition (MHCT), from about 6400–5000?years before present, provides us with an example of a period of large-scale global climatic reorganisation, punctuated by episodes of rapid and severe climate change, at a time when human societies were beginning to resemble those of today. A survey of archaeological and palaeo-environmental data from the northern hemisphere subtropics and other regions provides us with evidence for linked climatic, environmental and societal change during the MHCT. This evidence, the strength of which varies with location, allows us to construct convincing narratives of linked climatic, environmental and societal changes that accommodate a variety of responses and outcomes, and that are much more nuanced than narratives of the proposed climate-induced collapse of individual societies. Such synthetic studies that compare contexts across time and space can help us understand human–environment interactions during times of climatic disruption, while allowing for diverse outcomes and avoiding the pitfalls of climatic determinism.  相似文献   

基于灰色新陈代谢模型的建筑物沉降分析     

王学生  李晓华  王学进 《江苏测绘》2012,(5):43-44,53

变形监测数据处理有助于及时了解建筑物安全状态。本文在对灰色模型基本理论作阐述的基础上,结合沉降监测实例,采取新陈代谢法对实测数据进行分析与预测,得到了满足精度要求的成果,验证了该方法应用于建筑物沉降分析的可行性。  相似文献   

BIFoR FACE: Water–soil–vegetation–atmosphere data from a temperate deciduous forest catchment,including under elevated CO2     

A. Rob MacKenzie  Stefan Krause  Kris M. Hart  Richard M. Thomas  Phillip J. Blaen  R. Liz Hamilton  Giulio Curioni  Susan E. Quick  Angeliki Kourmouli  David M. Hannah  Sophie A. Comer-Warner  Nicolai Brekenfeld  Sami Ullah  Malcolm C. Press 《水文研究》2021,35(3):e14096

The ecosystem services provided by forests modulate runoff generation processes, nutrient cycling and water and energy exchange between soils, vegetation and atmosphere. Increasing atmospheric CO₂ affects many linked aspects of forest and catchment function in ways we do not adequately understand. Global levels of atmospheric CO₂ will be around 40% higher in 2050 than current levels, yet estimates of how water and solute fluxes in forested catchments will respond to increased CO₂ are highly uncertain. The Free Air CO₂ Enrichment (FACE) facility of the University of Birmingham's Institute of Forest Research (BIFoR) is the only FACE in mature deciduous forest. The site specializes in fundamental studies of the response of whole ecosystem patches of mature, deciduous, temperate woodland to elevated CO₂ (eCO₂). Here, we describe a dataset of hydrological parameters – seven weather parameters at each of three heights and four locations, shallow soil moisture and temperature, stream hydrology and CO₂ enrichment – retrieved at high frequency from the BIFoR FACE catchment.  相似文献   

基于转录组测序对两种氮素营养条件下多形微眼藻氮代谢途径的解析     

李迎  米铁柱  乔玲  甄毓 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(6):1241-1251

探究微藻的氮代谢通路对了解其对不同氮源利用的分子机制具有重要意义。本研究利用Illumina高通量测序技术对两种氮素营养条件下(硝酸氮和尿素)多形微眼藻的转录组进行分析,通过基因功能注释及数字基因表达谱分析,研究了多形微眼藻细胞内氮代谢的调控机制。结果检测出15种参与氮代谢的酶,对应76个编码基因,构建了多形微眼藻的氮代谢通路图。其中10个酶编码基因在两种不同氮素营养条件下存在差异表达,最显著的是谷氨酸合成酶、谷氨酸脱氢酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶相关基因。有机氮源(尿素)实验组中,多形微眼藻细胞内的硝酸盐还原酶、亚硝酸盐还原酶等基因的差异表达明显高于无机氮源(硝酸钠)实验组,表明当环境中的氮源为尿素时,会对多形微眼藻细胞内硝酸盐的转化和利用有一定影响。本研究初步阐述了硝酸盐、尿素的吸收转运对多形微眼藻细胞内氮代谢的影响机制,可为硅藻在不同氮素营养条件下的吸收利用机制及氮代谢响应研究提供依据。  相似文献   

改进灰色马尔科夫模型在基坑预测中的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨帆  赵增鹏  王小兵 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(7)

基坑预测问题关系到工程施工的安全,在施工过程中对基坑进行周密的监测和变性预测分析显得尤为重要。针对传统预测模型存在固有偏差和可靠性低的缺点,采用新陈代谢的原理对无偏灰色加权马尔科夫模型进行改进。该模型先用无偏灰色模型拟合系统的总体变化趋势,然后,对拟合残差进行马尔可夫状态划分,并根据各阶权重对不同步长的转移矩阵进行加权处理,用加权后的无偏灰色马尔科夫模型进行预测。在每一步的预测中,利用新陈代谢的原理不断更新建模所使用的数据。将该模型用于基坑沉降预测,并通过实例进行验证。实验表明:基于新陈代谢的无偏灰色加权马尔科夫模型提高了基坑沉降预测的精度和可靠性,预测精度与未改进模型相比提高了8.54%。  相似文献   

Large-Scale and Mesoscale Distribution of Plankton Biomass and Metabolic Activity in the Northeastern Central Atlantic     

Santiago Hernández-León  Lutz Postel  Javier Arístegui  May Gómez  María Fernanda Montero  Santiago Torres  Carlos Almeida  Eugen Kühner  Ullrich Brenning  Eberhard Hagen 《Journal of Oceanography》1999,55(4):471-482

Plankton biomass and indices of metabolism and growth [electron transport system (ETS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and aspartate transcarbamylase (ATC) activities] were studied over a 2,800 km east-west section of the tropical North Atlantic Ocean (21°N) in <200, 200–500 and >;500 µm size classes. On the large-scale, zooplankton (>;200 µm) enzymatic activities increased westward in the study section, where large cyanobacteria chains (Trichodesmium spp.) were observed. Parallel to it, an increase in medium calanoids (1–2 mm length) was observed towards the western part of the transect, whereas small calanoids (<1 mm) were dominant throughout the boundary area of the subtropical gyre. Microplankton ETS and mesoplankton ETS and ATC activities seemed to match the wave length of low frequency waves. Our results suggest that such waves are related to the observed enhancement of metabolic activity of micro- and mesoplankton. The large-scale and mesoscale variability observed give evidence of the inadequacy of assuming a steady-state picture of the euphotic zone of tropical and subtropical waters.  相似文献   

Biodegradation and Co‐Metabolism of Monochlorophenols and 2,4‐Dichlorophenol by Microbial Consortium     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(9)

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贻贝对麻痹性贝类毒素的蓄积代谢研究进展     

范礼强  郑关超  吴海燕  郭萌萌  卢霞  李玉  谭志军 《海洋科学》2021,45(4):201-212

麻痹性贝类毒素（paralytic shellfish toxins,PSTs）能够导致贝类、鱼类等海洋生物染毒或死亡,危害海洋生态安全及人类健康。其中,贻贝具有强蓄积性特点,在国外可作为PSTs的指示性生物。近年来,我国因食用贻贝造成多起PSTs中毒事件成为安全关注重点,因此急需弄清其风险形成机理。本文通过综述我国近海贻贝等贝类中PSTs的风险程度、贻贝对不同产毒藻来源的PSTs的蓄积作用,分析环境因子对于蓄积代谢的影响,深入挖掘贻贝蓄积代谢特异性。进而聚焦贻贝代谢阶段的表达调控过程、影响因素、转化作用及方式等。未来应侧重于摸清我国目标区域贻贝等海洋贝类中PSTs基础风险规律和变化过程,并据此建立区域性PSTs风险防控技术,提高我国贻贝中PSTs风险的主动防控能力,对于保障消费者健康和海洋生态安全具有积极意义。  相似文献