Towards an integrated environmental assessment for wetland and catchment management   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

R Kerry Turner  Stavros Georgiou  Roy Brouwer  Ian J Bateman  I J Langford 《The Geographical journal》2003,169(2):99-116

This paper develops a decision support system for evaluation of wetland ecosystem management strategy and examines its, so far partial, application in a case study of an important complex coastal wetland known as the Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, in the east of England, UK. Most managed ecosystems are complex and often poorly understood hierarchically organized systems. Capturing the range of relevant impacts on natural and human systems under different management options will be a formidable challenge. Biodiversity has a hierarchical structure which ranges from the ecosystem and landscape level, through the community level and down to the population and genetic level. There is a need to develop methodologies for the practicable detection of ecosystem change, as well as the evaluation of different ecological functions. What is also required is a set of indicators (environmental, social and economic) which facilitate the detection of change in ecosystems suffering stress and shock and highlight possible drivers of the change process. A hierarchical classification of ecological indicators of sustainability would need to take into account existing interactions between different organization levels, from species to ecosystems. Effects of environmental stress are expressed in different ways at different levels of biological organization and effects at one level can be expected to impact other levels, often in unpredictable ways. The management strategy, evaluation methodologies and indicators adopted should also assess on sustainability grounds whether any given management option is supporting, or reducing, the diversity of functions which are providing stakeholders with the welfare benefits they require.  相似文献   

Contrasting water management techniques in Tunisia: towards sustainable agricultural use     

Jennifer Hill  Wendy Woodland 《The Geographical journal》2003,169(4):342-357

Tunisia is a marginal country hydrologically and it has adopted a number of distinctive methods of water management for agriculture. The central region supports modern dam irrigation, whilst traditional rainwater harvesting is practiced in the south. These contrasting techniques are described and evaluated in terms of sustainability using empirical field data and secondary literature for two study sites. Research focuses primarily on the physical environment, but socio-cultural and economic viability are also examined. Analysis indicates that traditional water management advantageously partitions the continuum dividing hazards and resources through subtle manipulation of the environment. A potentially hazardous environment is rendered secure by resourceful water management based on community action and cumulative knowledge. This practice minimizes community dependency and local economic imbalance. With dam irrigation, carrying capacity is established more forcibly by centralized control in order to place society within world markets. An almost total break from environmental variability is made in the short term, but this can lead to disequilibrium over longer durations. Additionally, the spatial and social distributions of development are uneven. In Tunisia, maintenance of traditional methods can reduce the negative impacts caused by modern programmes and support their positive characteristics. A mix of both methods offers a foundation to sustainable water supply in the new millennium.  相似文献   

Urban Sustainability in the Context of Global Change: Towards Promoting Healthy and Green Cities     

《The Professional geographer》2003,55(1):114-115

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黄河流域环境对水资源开发承受力的思考   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

尹国康 《地理学报》2002,57(2):224-231

根据黄河1919－1999年系列水沙资料，系统分析了其下游水沙变化时空过程，揭示了其发生断流原因及由此引发的环境问题，模拟了不同历史时期水情条件下环境用水需求量，并对如何提高黄河水资源开发承受能力，如何满足其环境用水提出看法。  相似文献   

可持续性转型地理研究综述与展望   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

余振  龚惠文  胡晓辉 《地理科学进展》2021,40(3):498-510

可持续性转型是近20 a欧洲学界的新兴研究领域,它关注既有社会技术系统向更加可持续的生产与消费模式的根本性转变,对不少国家和地区的绿色转型政策实践已经产生了重要的影响。近年来,越来越多学者开始关注可持续性转型与经济地理的交叉融合,可持续性转型地理逐渐发展成为一个新兴的研究议题,着重从空间根植性与多尺度交互2个维度回答“可持续性转型在哪里发生”的问题。论文在简要总结可持续转型理论与分析框架的基础上,系统回顾和评述了转型地理研究进展与不足,并着重从中国的情境提出未来该议题的几个重点方向：① 基于中国语境下的的转型地理概念化和理论框架构建;② 后发地区可持续性转型与绿色产业追赶;③ 城市可持续性转型差异与联系;④ 多尺度交互下转型主体能动性与权力博弈;⑤ 人工智能等新兴技术对可持续转型的影响。  相似文献   

Sustainable for whom? Green urban development,environmental gentrification,and the Atlanta Beltline     

Dan Immergluck  Tharunya Balan 《Urban geography》2018,39(4):546-562

Large-scale, sustainable urban development projects can transform surrounding neighborhoods. Without precautionary policies, environmental amenities produced by these projects, such as parks, trails, walkability, and higher-density development, tend to result in higher land and housing costs. This will make it harder for a low- and moderate-income households to live near the projects, and neighborhoods are likely to become increasingly affluent. The Atlanta Beltline will ultimately connect 45 Atlanta neighborhoods via a 22-mile loop of trails, parks, and eventually a streetcar, all of which follow abandoned railroad tracks. This paper examines the effect of the Beltline on housing values within one half mile. From 2011 to 2015, depending on the segment of the Beltline, values rose between 17.9 percent and 26.6 percent more for homes within a half-mile of the Beltline than elsewhere. The implications for housing affordability and neighborhood change of projects like the Beltline, and associated policy questions, are addressed.  相似文献   

Overcoming remoteness: the necessity of air travel in Australian universities     

Andrew Glover  Tania Lewis  Yolande Strengers 《The Australian geographer》2019,50(4):453-471

ABSTRACT

Air travel has become central to Australian academic practice, with flying increasingly seen as crucial to the progression of successful academic careers. This paper seeks to understand why academic air travel has come to be perceived as so necessary, particularly given its significant environmental, social, and economic implications. Drawing on the mobilities paradigm and social practice theory, we seek to understand how air travel practices are a key part of contemporary academic careers. We conducted an online survey of 301 academics and 24 in depth semi-structured interviews to understand academic air travel in Australia, finding that it is seen as a means to connect and collaborate within and between academic communities, and to counteract the effects of ‘remoteness'. This remoteness is experienced domestically and internationally, by Australian academics who feel they must travel to perceived centres of knowledge production to further their careers. Academics often frame their ‘need' for connections as necessarily involving physical co-presence. Air travel offers career benefits for those who can take advantage of it, and corresponding drawbacks for those ‘stuck on the ground’. We conclude by discussing the need for valuing localised forms of collaboration as markers of success, and developing imaginative alternatives to academic flying.  相似文献   

Brokering Trust in Citizen Science     

Mat Gilfedder  James E. M. Watson  Thomas G. Campbell  Brian L. Sullivan  Hugh P. Possingham 《社会与自然资源》2019,32(3):292-302

Citizen science (CS) information requires systematic review that incorporates a range of interests and concerns. Yet, there has been little research on what might constitute reviewing best practice to ensure CS is trusted by contributors and users of the data. Insights from a survey of all 1134 reviewers who curate the global eBird Project highlight the knowledge-brokering work involved to ensure CS data are trusted by both citizens and science. Drawing on scholarship focused on key drivers of useable knowledge for natural resource decision-making, we consider CS reviewing best practice to ensure CS can be useful to the producers and users of this knowledge. We find that CS reviewers need to be motivated to provide appropriate feedback to improve CS data, commit to reviewing practice that is respected by citizens, and ensure the information published is credible and be reviewed by a supportive and accountable network of fellow reviewers.  相似文献   

基于可持续性晴雨表的北方农牧交错区可持续发展评价——以盐池县为例   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

王伟伟  周立华  陈勇  孙燕  侯彩霞 《中国沙漠》2019,39(2):27-34

因重要的生态屏障功能和生态系统的脆弱性,中国北方农牧交错区可持续发展是一个重要科学问题。以典型北方农牧交错区——宁夏盐池县为例,借鉴"可持续性晴雨表"理论和方法,采用熵值法确定指标权重,对盐池县的可持续发展进行定量评价,并对影响可持续发展的因素进行了分析。结果表明:(1) 1990—2015年盐池县区域发展成就显著,人类福利指数保持持续增长的趋势,但生态系统福利指数稳定增长则始于2005年禁牧等生态政策的生态效益显现以后。(2)改善教育等公共服务水平、优化产业结构可以进一步提高人类福利,经济发展可以直接改善人类福利,经济发展的成果也可以通过生态政策加大对生态环境的投入从而改善生态系统福利。在此基础上提出了盐池县可持续发展的建议。  相似文献   

中国粮食生产时空演变规律与耕地可持续利用研究     

郑亚楠  张凤荣  谢臻  张天柱  李超  王秀丽 《世界地理研究》2019,28(6):120-131

随着全球粮食贸易格局的日益紧张,如何利用有限的耕地资源保证中国粮食安全成为新阶段的难题。本文从耕地可持续利用视角提出粮食稳产、增产策略,以期为粮食安全、耕地保护等国家战略提供理论支撑。基于1985—2015年中国31个省（自治区、直辖市）统计数据,以农业生态区为基本单元,采用比较分析法和GIS空间分析法,对中国粮食生产时空演变及其影响因素进行规律性探究。研究结果表明：（1）中国粮食产量呈“波动-上升”的趋势,但长江中下游区、江南和华南区粮食增长率较低,甚至出现减产现象。（2）中国粮食产量主产区逐渐由长江中下游区、江南和华南区向东北区、黄淮海区转移。（3）中国粮食生产的影响因素呈现阶段性和区域性规律。例如,东北区、西北区粮食生产主要受粮食单产、耕地面积等影响;黄淮海区、内蒙古高原和黄土高原区、云贵高原和横断山区主要受粮食单产影响。（4）中国各区耕地存在不同类型和不同程度的耕地非持续问题,在西北区、内蒙古高原和黄土高原等生态脆弱区域较严重。  相似文献