福州主城区表层土壤生态危害评价     

郑克丽 《福建地质》2011,30(4):341-346

采用生态危害指数法对福州市230件表层土壤样品中7种重金属（Hg、Pb、Cr、Zn、Cu、Cd、As）进行评价。结果表明,福州老城区达中等危害程度,个别已达较强的危害程度,并且以Hg危害最大。  相似文献   

洛坝铅锌矿床的硅岩及成因     

李英  李连生 《地球科学与环境学报》1991,(4)

本文以洛坝矿床的硅岩为例,对以沉积岩为主岩的沉积-喷气矿床的一种重要容矿岩石——硅岩,从其产状形态,物质成份等方面,进行了岩石学、矿物学、化学组成、微量元素及同位素研究,提出了同生热液沉积-准同生交代成因的论点,并论证了新发现的多孔状硅岩是蒸气爆裂成因的可能性。  相似文献   

Selective blackening of bioclasts via mixing‐zone aragonite neomorphism in Late Triassic limestone,Zlatibor Mountains,Serbia     

KINGA HIPS  JÁNOS HAAS  MÁRIA VIDÓ  ZSUZSANNA BARNA  DIVNA JOVANOVIĆ  MILAN N. SUDAR  ZOLTÁN SIKLÓSY 《Sedimentology》2011,58(4):854-877

A peculiar facies of the Norian–Rhaetian Dachstein‐type platform carbonates, which contains large amounts of blackened bioclasts and dissolutional cavities filled by cements and internal sediments, occurs in the Zlatibor Mountains, Serbia. Microfacies investigations revealed that the blackened bioclasts are predominantly Solenoporaceae, with a finely crystalline, originally aragonite skeleton of fine cellular structure. Blackening of other bioclasts also occurs subordinately. Solenoporacean‐dominated reefs, developed behind the platform margin patch‐reef tract, were the main source of sand‐sized detritus. The blackened and other non‐blackened bioclasts are incorporated in automicrite cement. Radiaxial fibrous calcite cements in the dissolutional cavities are also black, dark grey or white. Reworked black pebbles were reported from many occurrences of peritidal deposits; in those cases, the blackening took place under pedogenic, meteoric diagenetic conditions. In contrast, in the inner platform deposits of the Ilid?a Limestone, the blackening of bioclasts occurred in a marine–meteoric mixing‐zone, as indicated by petrographic features and geochemical data of the skeleton‐replacing calcite crystals. Attributes of mixing‐zone pore waters were controlled by mixing corrosion, different solubility of carbonate minerals and microbial decomposition of organic matter. In the moderate‐energy inner platform environment, large amounts of microbial organic tissue were accumulated and subsequently decomposed, triggering selective blackening in the course of early, shallow burial diagenesis. The δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values of the mixing‐zone precipitates and replacive calcite do not produce a linear mixing trend. Variation mainly resulted from microbial decomposition of organic matter that occurred under mixing‐zone conditions. The paragenetic sequence implies cyclic diagenetic conditions that were determined by marine, meteoric and mixing‐zone pore fluids. The diagenetic cycles were controlled by sea‐level fluctuations of moderate amplitude under a semi‐arid to semi‐humid climate.  相似文献   

黄山城市土壤重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

管后春李运怀  彭苗枝刘道彬 《中国地质》2013,40(6):1949-1958

提要：以黄山市城区（屯溪区、徽州区、经济开发区）和城郊的表层土壤为研究对象,采用地积累指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对区内表层土壤重金属（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn）污染进行了分析和评价;应用SPSS处理软件,采用因子分析法对表层土壤重金属元素含量数据进行分析研究。结果表明：研究区土壤重金属污染总体处于0~2级,8种重金属的污染程度由强至弱依次为：Hg＞Cd＞Cu＞As＞Zn＞Cr＞Pb＞Ni;各种重金属的潜在生态危害由强至弱依次为：Hg＞Cd＞As＞Cu＞Pb＞Ni＞Cr＞Zn;潜在生态危害综合指数平均值为211.80,表明黄山市土壤总体处于中等危害程度,其中Hg对潜在生态危害指数RI值的贡献最突出,其次是Cd;总体上讲,黄山土壤重金属污染及其潜在生态危害主要是由城镇区域和耕地区域内的日常生活和生产活动所致,如农业施肥、污水灌溉、工厂排污、生活垃圾局部泛滥、燃煤排放等。  相似文献   

Distributed cache replacement method for geospatial data using spatiotemporal locality-based sequence     

Rui Li  Jiapei Fan  Xinxing Wang  Zhen Zhou 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(4):171-182

Specific features of tile access patterns can be applied in a cache replacement strategy to a limited distributed high-speed cache for the cloud-based networked geographic information services (NGISs), aiming to adapt to changes in the access distribution of hotspots. By taking advantage of the spatiotemporal locality, the sequential features in tile access patterns, and the cache reading performance in the burst mode, this article proposes a tile sequence replacement method, which involves structuring a Least Recently Used (LRU) stack into three portions for the different functions in cache replacement and deriving an expression for the temporal locality and popularity of the relevant tile to facilitate the replacement process. Based on the spatial characteristics of both the tiles and the cache burst mode with regard to reading data, the proposed method generates multiple tile sequences to reflect spatiotemporal locality in tile access patterns. Then, we measure the caching value by a technique based on a weighted-based method. This technique draws on the recent access popularity and low caching costs of tile sequences, with the aim of balancing the temporal and spatial localities in tile access. It ranks tile sequences in a replacement queue to adapt to the changes in accessed hotspots while reducing the replacement frequency. Experimental results show that the proposed method effectively improves the hit rate and utilization rate for a limited distributed cache while achieving satisfactory response performance and high throughput for users in an NGIS. Therefore, it can be adapted to handle numerous data access requests in NGISs in a cloud-based environment.  相似文献   

Morphological characteristics and environmental implications of phytoliths in topsoils from different vegetation zones on northern slope of Changbai Mountains,China     

Zhihe Qiao  Dongmei Jie  Hongmei Liu  Yong Ge  Hongyan Zhang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2010,20(6):506-512

The Changbai Mountains,located in the temperate monsoon climate zone of East Asia,is an ideal loca-tion for the research on timberline response to global changes.In this study,the topsoils were collected from different vertical vegetation zones on the northern slope of the Changbai Mountains,Northeast China in August 2009,and phytoliths in the soil samples were extracted by using wet oxidation method and identified with Motic 2.0 microscope in laboratory.The results show that phytoliths are abundant in the ...  相似文献   

西北干旱区石羊河流域表土花粉分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

程波  陈发虎 《中国沙漠》2010,30(2):350-356

干旱区石羊河流域不同植被带55个表土样的花粉分析结果显示,本流域表土花粉组合可以分为两部分,第一部分是荒漠草原带以上的山地植被花粉组合,其特征是云杉花粉占绝对优势,除森林带以外,基本不反映当地植被;第二部分是荒漠带以下的表土花粉组合,主要以灌木和草本植物花粉占优势,基本能反映当地的植被状况。影响石羊河流域表土花粉组合的主要因素是风力。主要科属花粉的浓度与植被状况对应良好,峰值区基本都位于其母体植物占优势的植被带中,但花粉百分含量受研究区气候、植被分布等因素影响,与现代植被的对应关系稍差。大部分灌木和草本花粉的含量变化基本能反映植被,但乔木花粉含量不能正确反映森林分布状况。  相似文献   

典型喀斯特石漠化地区表土孢粉与现代植被关系   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

郝秀东  欧阳绪红  谢世友  石胜强  李林立  罗伦德 《地理科学》2011,31(6):758-763

喀斯特石漠化地区6个不同植被类型的25个表土和苔藓样品的孢粉分析表明:(1)研究区植物孢粉共由47科属组成,以草本和蕨类植物占据优势,含量为23.62%~76.47%,其次是乔木[主要为马尾松(Pinus masso-niana)],含量为17.73%~74.05%,灌木植物花粉含量最低,为0~12.50%,显示该区植被退化严重;(2)研究区不同植被类型的表土孢粉组合差别明显,与其相应的实际植被情况大致相同,基本反映了石漠化地区现代植被的基本状况,表明孢粉可以为该区恢复和重建自然生态环境提供参考性依据。  相似文献   

置换法在抑制土工格栅冻胀破坏中的应用     

邢爽  铃木辉之  李曰兵  郝冬雪 《岩土力学》2011,32(11):3404-3408

在季节性冻土地区,由于冻拔作用常使加筋土坡中土工格栅浮出地面,导致加筋作用失效,但国内关于其破坏防治的试验研究较少。通过室外冻胀试验,研究利用非冻胀性材料置换的方法对抑制土工格栅冻拔破坏的效果。对比火山灰置换与未置换的两块土工格栅的冻胀数据结果表明,置换侧的土工格栅的最终残余冻胀量较未置换侧的低50%。因此,置换方法对于抑制土工格栅的冻胀破坏效果明显,具有较强的工程实用价值  相似文献   

水泥土搅拌桩软土地基土体动力特性的共振柱试验研究     

胡秀青  董全杨  吕程伟  王军  庄心善 《岩土力学》2016,37(Z2):343-348

开展对水泥土搅拌桩软土地基土体试样的GDS（Global Distribution System）共振柱试验,研究不同剪应变、围压、水泥土置换率对土体动力特性的影响。结果表明,水泥土搅拌桩软土地基土体的动剪切模量G和阻尼比D随剪应变? 变化趋势与软黏土一致,在小应变范围内围压和置换率对土体的动剪切模量G和阻尼比D的影响显著,随着剪应变? 增大,围压和置换率的影响减弱;水泥土搅拌桩软土地基土体的最大动剪切模量Gmax与围压表现出良好的线性关系,围压越大,提高水泥土的置换率对土体最大动剪切模量Gmax增强效果越明显。研究结果可为地区水泥土搅拌桩软土地基土体动力参数的取值提供一定的参考。  相似文献