相同强度双台风相互作用的物理机制   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

田永祥  江燕如 《南京气象学院学报》1998,21(2):215-222

在无基本气流的假定下,应用无辐数正压模式研究双台风相互作用的物理机制。台风Ａ位于观风Ｂ以西,两台风相距６０ｋｍ,且具有相同的强度。在台风Ａ（台风Ｂ）的非对称流场中,由台风Ａ（台风Ｂ）的线性β效应产生的非对称涡旋的方位相位与由台风Ｂ（台风Ａ）形成的非对称涡旋方位相位相反（相同）。因此,台风Ａ（台风Ｂ）的大尺度非对称涡旋较弱（较强）。小尺度涡旋逆时针旋转导致台风Ａ逆时将打转。稳定的偏南非对称气流使台风  相似文献   

山地露天矿自然通风风流与湍流结构的数值模拟   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

王卫国  胡泳涛 《高原气象》1996,15(4):464-471

利用建立的三维非力能量闭合的大气边界层数值模式，研究了中性层结条件下某露天矿自然通风的风流和湍流结构特征及影响因子。研究表明：坑内水平风场在坑底或采壁处受地形的影响很大，在矿采深与开口宽度比较小或者来流风速随高度的切变不大时，坑内气流为平直型，有利于通风；反之坑内则形成环流，且在环流范围内较大的湍能，不利于通风，易产生高浓度的污染物。本模式模拟的结果还与风洞模拟和高阶闭合模式模拟的结果作了检验比较  相似文献   

Time dependence of organic matter decay and mixing processes in Framvaren, a permanently anoxic fjord in South Norway     

David W. Dyrssen  Per O. J. Hall  Conny Haraldsson  Melissa Chierici  Jens M. Skei  H. Göte östlund 《Aquatic Geochemistry》1996,2(2):111-129

Three different layers have been identified in Framvaren, which has a maximum water depth of 184 m. One oxic layer above the redoxcline at 18–20 m. One anoxic layer from 20 to 100 m which is occasionally ventilated by a flow over the sill (which has a depth of 2.5 m), and finally a stagnant layer below 100 m. Using the release rate of silica from the bottom and measurements of the concentration of HTO it is possible to make some calculations on the annual volume of interleaving in the layers 25–50 m, 50–75 m, and 75–100 m together with the advective flows. Reliable values of the sulfide concentration were obtained by precipitating and weighing HgS together with careful protection of all anoxic water samples with argon. The light yellow color of the precipitate in the depth range 25 to 80 m indicates that the occasional ventilation will cause such reactions as 0.50₂ + H₂S S(colloidal) + H₂O. The elemental sulfur, being stabilized with HS^–, is set free upon the precipitation of HgS. The new data for the concentration of sulfide give an acceptable stoichiometry for the decay reaction of organic matter. This is not the case with the data of Yao and Millero. The mean values for the concentrations of ammonium and phosphate agree with the new data of Yao and Millero. The mol/mol C/N ratio of 10.1 found in trapped material by Naess and coworkers (1988) agrees with the stoichiometry of the dissolved constituents, i.e. C/N = 9.92 ± 0.45. A denitrification reaction is suggested to explain the high values of C/N. The vertical diffusion coefficient at 100 m calculated from the depth profile of silica was 0.92 × 10^–6 m² s^–1 which lies in the range of values given by Fröyland. Finally, the ¹⁴C age of the total dissolved inorganic carbon (Ct) in the water below 90 m was about 1600 years indicating a bioproduction in the period 8000 years B.P. to A.D. 1853 when a channel was opened between the fjord outside (Helvikfjord) and Framvaren.  相似文献   

Transient heating of mine ventilation air with sensible rock energy     

A. J. Ziegenhagen 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1985,3(2):139-148

  相似文献   

Some basic characteristics of mine ventilation networks     

Shi-Ning Zhou 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1984,2(3):261-267

Conclusion An airflow direction of any diagonal branch in ventilation networks is a function of the resistance of each branch, but its own resistance is not a factor. It is difficult to determine the airflow of diagonal branches. But the airflow direction of diagonal branches in some complex networks can be discriminated by applying theproperties 3–8 to V-shaped, T-shaped, Y-shaped, X-shaped and double diagonal branches networks.  相似文献   

广州市主城区风道特征与通风效能评估     

陈翔  孙武  沈子桐  朱琳琳  张佳滨  许伟 《地理学报》2021,76(3):694-712

本文以广州市主城区为研究对象,简化城市建筑群后绘制出无建筑区域的中心线,进而识别风道。利用2016年逐时风向风速数据,基于GIS提出了度量风道物理、热力属性的指标,据此分析风道特征,并对通风效能进行了评估。研究表明：① 在40 m分辨率下识别出潜在风道中心线共有2451条,相互组合后达到风道标准的有142条,总通风面积为96.49 km²,占研究区的21.59%。② 以珠江新城为中心,研究区潜在通风网络呈现略向东北方向倾斜的密—疏—密的圈层特征;老城区通风面积有限,区际间风道的宽高比差异较大,珠江新城最低（6.54）,海珠湿地最高（74.43）;主城区外围区域的绿地与水域占风道通风面积比重超过90%。③ 由走向效能空间分布格局的相似性,可分为春、夏和秋冬3个模式;依据走向效能得分的季节变化规律,划分出常年风道、季节风道和沟通风道3类。各季节通风效能评估优劣关系为：秋>冬>春>夏。④ 研究区内高架桥对阻滞度的贡献是行道树的2倍以上,阻滞度最大值为4.70 m³/m²,阻滞程度较高的区域大部集中分布在研究区西侧,特别是三元里周边密集的立交桥群区域。  相似文献   

柳州新一代天气雷达通风系统的改进措施     

罗延斌 《气象科技》2008,36(1):127-128

新一代全相干多普勒天气雷达具有较高的可靠性、稳定性、可维护性及全天候的连续工作能力,具有自动数据采集、产品生成和显示、数据存储、运行监控和标校等功能.  相似文献   

Circulation and Mixing of Water Masses of Tatar Strait and the Northwestern Boundary Region of the Japan Sea   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Stephen C. Riser  Mark J. Warner  Gennady I. Yurasov 《Journal of Oceanography》1999,55(2):133-156

The deep waters of the northern portions of the Japan Sea are examined. It is found that the flow regime south of the southern Tatar Strait region is generally cyclonic in the upper ocean, with only weak flows present below depths of a few hundred meters. The Japan Sea appears to be remarkably well-mixed below depths of a few hundred meters, both horizontally and vertically. Based on chlorofluorocarbon measurements, it is concluded that the deep waters of the Japan Sea have been only weakly ventilated in recent decades. Results from a simple box model suggest two possible scenarios for the ventilation of the Japan Sea since the 1930s. In the first scenario, deep ventilation of the Japan Sea was relatively weak, but constant, from the 1930s to the present, with a deep-water residence time of approximately 500 years. In the second scenario, ventilation was relatively vigorous through the mid-1960s, with a deep-water residence time of approximately 100 years; after the mid-1960s, the ventilation of the deep waters stopped. The model results are consistent with the idea that presently the ventilation of the deep water of the Japan Sea is weak or nonexistent. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

广东温泉水-汽转化过程对室内氡浓度的影响     

宋刚  张伯友  王新明  尹朝晖 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2005,24(1):67-70

研究了广东省四家温泉宾馆室内温泉水及其使用过程中对氡浓度的影响。利用RAD-7测氡仪和NR667A测氡义连续测量室内外氡浓度和水氡浓度,发现室内氡浓度受地基土壤、建筑物类型、利用方式(是否洗浴、洗浴时间长短等)、通风状况等诸多因素的影响。无人入住时宾馆室内氡浓度的变化说明土壤氡的渗入是底层房间室内氡的重要影响因素。当在浴室内使用温泉水洗浴时,浴室内平均氡浓度比没有用温泉水时高出1～8．3倍,客房内氡浓度比没有用温泉水洗浴时高出1．2～8．3倍。在使用温泉水时,某些宾馆室内氡浓度超标,可能对宾馆工作人员造成潜在的健康危害,应采取管理措施或技术手段降低其暴露水平。  相似文献   

北京市潜在风道的数值模拟与综合识别     

杨土士  王伟文  常鸣  王雪梅 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(10):1996-2009

过去从局地尺度和微尺度优化规划和建筑设计的角度,城市规划与建筑学科的研究者提出了构建城市区域通风廊道的思想。但对目前的特大城市和城市群而言,无论城市热岛还是污染物输送都可能涉及更大尺度范围的区域影响。结合自然地理资源条件,对城市外围待发展区域的风道识别和规划,可能更具有现实意义。本文基于空气动力学粗糙长度计算通风指数,从动力学角度初步识别出北京不同区域的通风潜力：① 利用数值模拟输出的1月和7月平均水平风场发现,在背景风较强的冬季,水平风速的分布与下垫面的粗糙度保持高度一致,在北京城区东北方向存在一条明显的风道,在通过城区时受城市下垫面的拖曳影响出现显著的风速下降,在城市下风方向风速又有所回升;② 与热力分析对比发现,夏季城市外的低温区域与盛行风向相悖,偏南方向上的补偿空间面积比冬季小且与作用空间的温差也小,流向城市的可利用风资源匮乏;③ 基于近地面温度和粗糙长度加权计算后得到通风指数,冬季为0~0.25,夏季为0~0.60,数值越小通风能力越强,受季节热力差异影响,冬季通风能力显著优于夏季。④ 进一步结合数值模拟的风速分布,将通风评价结果划分为4个等级,从北京市全域尺度分冬、夏两季识别了北京市的潜在风道,冬季贯穿南北的风道全长约200 km,从城市外围引入风资源,可有效提高城市自净能力,而在背景风较弱的夏季,风道贯通性较差,气流疏导能力弱,亟待区域联动优化城市群发展规划。  相似文献