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11.
秋季胶州湾有色溶解有机物荧光特性研究及其来源分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用三维荧光光谱(EEMs)-平行因子分析(PARAFAC)技术研究了秋季胶州湾有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的荧光成分组成、分布特征及来源。PARAFAC模型解析出胶州湾CDOM由2类5个荧光组分组成,即类腐殖质成分C1(355nm/430nm)、C2(320nm/390nm)、C3(380nm/465nm)、C4(420(330)nm/505nm)及类蛋白质成分C5(280/325nm)。类腐殖质成分C1、C2、C3和C4的平面分布模式基本一致,呈现由近岸海域向湾中心海域逐渐减小的趋势,而类蛋白质成分C5则是由湾东北部近岸海域向西南部海域呈逐渐减小的趋势。分析表明,秋季胶州湾CDOM类腐殖质成分C1、C2、C3和C4的主要来源为陆源输入,而类蛋白质成分C5主要受城市排污的影响。系统聚类分析表明,以团岛南端和红岛西侧连线为界,所有采样站位被分为两类,分界线西部区域站位CDOM各荧光成分相对含量分别为C1:31.8%~35.5%,C2:30.3%~33.7%,C3:17.1%~20.2%,C4:4.5%~5.2%,C5:9.6%~12.5%;分界线东部区域站位CDOM各荧光成分相对含量分别为C1:30.6%~34.6%,C2:28.8%~32.7%,C3:17.0%~19.1%,C4:3.3%~4.8%,C5:12.1%~18.2%。西部区域CDOM具有较高的C4含量和较低的C5含量,大沽河等河流的陆源输入特征明显,而东部区域CDOM则具有较高的C5含量和较低的C4含量,反映该区域受城市排污影响显著。另外,秋季胶州湾CDOM的HIX范围为1.8~3.2之间,较小的腐殖化因子值反映了秋季胶州湾CDOM的腐殖化程度高较低,在环境中存在时间较短。 相似文献
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Apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption spectra, and CDOM fluorescence characteristic of aromatic amino acids (excitation/emission 280 nm/320 nm; F(280/320)) and marine-humic like substances (320 nm/410 nm; F(320/410)) were measured in full depth during a cruise in the temperate Eastern North Atlantic (ENA). An optimum multi-parameter (OMP) inverse method was run to calculate water mass proportion-weighted average (archetypal) concentrations of these chemical parameters for all water masses and samples. Archetypal concentrations retain the variability due to water mass mixing and basin scale mineralization from the water mass formation sites to the study area. Conversely, the difference between measured and archetypal concentrations, retain the variability due to dissimilarities in mineralization processes within the study area. Our analysis indicates that DOC supported 26±3% of the AOU in the dark temperate ENA and that basin scale processes occurring at and from the formation area of the water masses explained 63% of the total DOC variability. Our data also suggests that DOC remineralized at the basin scale was of lower molecular weight, and with a lower proportion of fluorescent aromatic amino acids than found within the study area. The relationship between the absorption coefficient at 254 nm (aCDOM(254)) and AOU indicates that aCDOM(254) was consumed during organic matter remineralization in the dark ocean, with 55% of the variability being explained by basin scale processes. The relationships of F(320/410) with AOU and DOC confirmed that marine humic-like substances are produced by microbial degradation processes, at a rate of 6.1±0.9×10−3 mg equivalents of QS mol AOU−1. Our results also indicate that basin-scale remineralization processes account for 85% of the total variability of F(320/410), emphasizing that large scale processes control the formation of humic-like substance in the dark ENA. 相似文献
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Photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in natural waters: kinetics and modeling 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
The effects of monochromatic and polychromatic UV and visible (VIS) radiation on the optical properties (absorption and fluorescence) of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) were examined for a Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) standard and for water from the Delaware and Chesapeake Bays. The primary (direct) loss of absorption and fluorescence occurred at the irradiation wavelength(s), with smaller secondary (indirect) losses occurring outside the irradiation wavelength(s). The efficiency of both direct and indirect photobleaching decreased monotonically with increasing wavelength. Exposure to polychromatic light increased the CDOM absorption spectral slope (S), consistent with previous field measurements. An analysis of the monochromatic photobleaching kinetics argues that a model based on a simple superposition of multiple chromophores undergoing independent photobleaching cannot apply; this conclusion further implies that the absorption spectrum of CDOM cannot arise solely from a simple superposition of the spectra of numerous independent chromophores. The kinetics of CDOM absorption loss with the monochromatic irradiation were employed to create a simple, heuristic model of photobleaching. This model allowed us to examine the importance of the indirect photobleaching losses in determining the overall photobleaching rates as well as to model the photobleaching of natural waters under polychromatic light fields. Application of this model to natural waters closely predicted the change in the CDOM spectral shape caused by photodegradation. The time scale of this process was consistent with field observations acquired during the summertime for coastal waters in the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB). The results indicate that the ratio of the photodegradation depth to the mixed layer depth is a key parameter controlling the rate of the photobleaching in surface waters. 相似文献
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长江口盐度梯度下不同形态碳的分布、来源与混合行为 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
河口碳的生物地球化学过程是全球碳循环的重要组成。通过测定溶解无机碳（DIC）及其稳定同位素丰度（δ13CDIC），溶解有机碳（DOC），有色溶解有机物（CDOM），颗粒有机碳（POC）及其稳定同位素丰度（δ13CPOC）与元素比值（N/C）及相关指标，研究了2014年7月长江口盐度梯度下不同形态碳的分布、来源和混合行为。结果表明，DIC浓度、DOC浓度、POC含量分别为1 583.2~1 739.6 μmol/L，128.4~369.4 μmol/L和51.2~530.8 μmol/L，这些不同形态碳及CDOM的荧光组分的分布模式相似，均是从口内到口外，整体呈现先增大后减小的趋势，并与盐度呈现非保守混合行为。添加作用主要发生在在口门处最大浑浊带附近。与含量相反，从口内到口外，δ13CDIC和δ13CPOC均呈现逐渐减小再增大的趋势，在口门附近达到最低值，分别为-9.7‰和-26.7‰。在口门附近不同形态碳含量上升及δ13CDIC、δ13CPOC的降低可能主要与沉积物再悬浮及微生物作用有关。基于蒙特卡洛模拟的三端元混合模型的结果显示，河口内外POC来源变化明显，口内POC以陆源有机碳贡献为主，平均为62.3%，口外海源贡献逐渐增加。CDOM相关参数结果表明长江口CDOM主要来自陆源输入，海源及人类活动等也对其产生影响。 相似文献
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《Marine pollution bulletin》2014,80(1-2):54-60
To explore whether quinone moieties are important in chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) photochemistry in natural waters, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and associated optical property changes were measured in aqueous solutions irradiated with a Xenon lamp for CDOM model compounds (dihydroquinone, benzoquinone, anthraquinone, napthoquinone, ubiquinone, humic acid HA, fulvic acid FA). All compounds produced H2O2 with concentrations ranging from 15 to 500 μM. Production rates were higher for HA vs. FA (1.32 vs. 0.176 mM h−1); values ranged from 6.99 to 0.137 mM h−1 for quinones. Apparent quantum yields (Θapp; measure of photochemical production efficiency) were higher for HA vs. FA (0.113 vs. 0.016) and ranged from 0.0018 to 0.083 for quinones. Dihydroquinone, the reduced form of benzoquinone, had a higher production rate and efficiency than its oxidized form. Post-irradiation, quinone compounds had absorption spectra similar to HA and FA and 3D-excitation–emission matrix fluorescence spectra (EEMs) with fluorescent peaks in regions associated with CDOM. 相似文献
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本研究利用吸收光谱和荧光激发-发射矩阵光谱-平行因子分析(EEMs-PARAFAC),研究了养马岛附近海域海水中有色溶解有机质(CDOM)的浓度、组成、来源和生物可利用性,并估算了浮游植物生长繁殖对CDOM及具有生物可利用性CDOM的贡献。结果表明,表、底层海水中CDOM浓度(以吸收系数a350计)平均值分别为1.62±0.42 m-1和1.30±0.47 m-1,光谱斜率(S275-295)平均值分别为0.022±0.003 nm-1和0.023±0.003 nm-1。利用PARAFAC模型识别出4种荧光组分,分别为陆源类腐殖酸C1、类色氨酸C2、类酪氨酸C3和微生物源类腐殖酸C4。荧光指数(FIX)、腐殖化指数(HIX)和生物指数(BIX)显示,CDOM受陆源输入和海洋自生源的综合影响。降解实验结果显示,表、底层海水中生物可利用性CDOM百分比(%△a350)平均值分别为(23.36%±17.94%)和(8.93%±20.30%)。C1、C2和C4组分的荧光强度在培养之后降低,而C3组分的荧光强度上升。各荧光组分生物可利用性依次递减的顺序为:%△C1(23.75%±8.96%)＞%△C4(20.83%±11.71%)＞%△C2(11.67%±38.87%)＞%△C3(-29.61%±39.90%),显示培养之后CDOM的平均分子量和腐殖化程度降低。表层海水中a350、%△a350与Chl a之间存在显著线性相关关系,据此可以估算出浮游植物生长繁殖对CDOM的贡献为36.9%,对具有生物可利用性CDOM的贡献为85.0%。 相似文献
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官厅水库秋季悬浮颗粒物和CDOM吸收特性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用2012年9月5日在官厅水库采集的水体吸收系数数据,对总悬浮颗粒物、浮游植物色素颗粒物、非色素颗粒物和有色可溶性有机物的吸收特性进行研究.结果表明:秋季官厅水库的颗粒物吸收以浮游植物色素吸收为主,总颗粒物吸收光谱与浮游藻类吸收光谱相似;非色素颗粒物和有色可溶性有机物的吸收系数随波长的增大接近指数规律衰减;ad(440)、ad(675)与CChl.a呈显著相关,表明官厅水库秋季的非色素颗粒物主要来源于浮游藻类降解产物,陆源性输入较少;a ph(440)、a ph(675)与CChl.a存在显著线性关系,但其比吸收系数较为恒定,与CChl.a基本无关;不同采样点的不同组分吸收系数对总吸收系数的贡献不同,大致有4种表现类型.在富营养程度较高的妫库区,浮游植物色素是水体光谱吸收的主导因子;在富营养程度较低的中库区,颗粒物与有色可溶性有机物共同主导水体光谱吸收. 相似文献
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洱海沉积物有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)三维荧光空间分布特性及指示意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用荧光光谱区域体积积分法定量研究洱海沉积物有色可溶性有机物（CDOM）三维荧光空间分布特性,结果表明,洱海沉积物CDOM中类腐殖酸组分占比最高（44.5%~74.2%）,其次为溶解性微生物代谢产物（10.7%~20.4%）和类富里酸物质（8.19%~19.7%）,而类蛋白组分占比最低,类腐殖酸占比与H/C和N/C均呈显著负相关;南部湖心平台区域沉积物类富里酸和类蛋白组分占比较高,其CDOM自生源占比较高;北部水生植物分布区溶解性微生物代谢产物占比较高,CDOM陆源性较强;中部深水区及南北湖湾区域类腐殖酸占比较高,随水深增加沉积物CDOM自生源特征增强.随沉积物深度增加类腐殖酸和溶解性微生物代谢产物占比呈下降趋势,类富里酸占比呈上升趋势,CDOM自生源特征增强,脂肪化程度增高.随湖泊富营养化程度增加沉积物CDOM受微生物代谢产物影响增强,陆源性增加,而自生源性降低,湖泊沉积物CDOM具有富营养化指示意义. 相似文献