区域可持续发展评价:进展与展望   总被引：55，自引：4，他引：55  

李利锋  郑度 《地理科学进展》2002,21(3):237-248

可持续发展的评价是目前可持续发展研究的热点和前沿。当前评价可持续发展的单项指标和指标体系在指标与可持续性的关系、指标权重的选择、指标的定量化、可持续性的总体判别方法、资本替代性与替代速度、指标阈值的确定等方面具有不同的局限性 ,这也是可持续发展评价的主要难点。可持续发展的评价必然要落实到不同尺度的空间地理单元上 ,区域发展是评价的对象 ,因而可持续发展的评价必然具有显著的区域性 ,不同区域的评价指标或指标体系必然会有所不同。社会、经济与人口的发展是人类社会发展的主要目标 ,而发展的可持续性依赖于自然环境的质量 ,包括自然资源的再生或替代、生命支持系统与生物多样性的维持或改善。据此 ,论文构建了区域可持续发展评价的理论框架和发展——可持续性二维评价坐标体系 ,并提出了“自上而下”和“自下而上”的指标遴选方法。  相似文献   

符竹溪地区化探找金（锑）研究及地质效果     

叶庆森 《铀矿地质》1994,10(1):46-54

本文研究了符竹溪金－锑矿床微量元素地球化学特征，对矿区岩、矿石微量元素进行了相关分析，筛选出对符竹溪地区金、锑矿有指示意义的Ａｕ，Ｓｂ，Ａｓ，Ｍｏ，Ｗ，Ｈｇ，Ｐｂ，Ａｇ，Ｔｌ，Ｂｉ等１０个指示元素。经分析对比，确定其实用性指示元素为Ａｕ，Ｓｂ，Ａｓ，Ｍｏ，Ｂｉ，Ｈｇ。利用这些元素的轴向分带规律及比值指标对该矿床深部进行了成矿预测，并已由探矿工程证实，见到了金品位高达４４×１０（－６）的矿体，因而扭转了该矿山矿石资源面临枯竭的局面，经济效益显著。同时，对整个符竹溪地区，即矿床边部及外围作了化探选区，选出了３个远景地段：矿床南部竹叶山地段、外围杨家冲地段和田庄湾地段。  相似文献   

八卦庙金矿床石英脉的控矿作用初探   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

韦龙明  王建业 《矿产与地质》1993,7(5):329-333

八卦庙金矿床的矿石品位与其石英脉发育程度和破碎程度、共生硫化物的含量成正比,与脉体的厚度、共生硫化物的粒度成反比;节理脉的含金量比顺层脉的含金量高;石英细脉的含金量高于脉旁围岩的含金量数倍至十多倍,但含金石英脉不能单独构成工业矿体.据此,作者首次提出金矿化类型属于细脉浸染型金矿,揉皱石英细(网)脉破碎带是此类金矿的一种重要而直观的找矿标志.  相似文献   

日照市土壤重金属来源解析及环境风险评价   总被引：66，自引：3，他引：63  

吕建树  张祖陆  刘洋  代杰瑞  王学  王茂香 《地理学报》2012,67(7):971-984

选择日照市的东港区和岚山区为研究区,采集了445个0～20 cm表层土壤样品,并测定了10种重金属元素的含量;采用多元统计和地统计分析,揭示了研究区土壤重金属污染的主要来源以及与土地利用、成土母质之间的关系,绘制了重金属的环境风险概率的空间分布图.结果表明:①As、Co、Cr和Cu的平均值低于山东省东部地区土壤背景值,Cd、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn的平均值高于背景值,尤其是Cd、Hg的含量分别为背景值的1.85和1.38倍,土壤中重金属累积较为明显.②10种元素可被辩识出4个主成分(PCs),PC1 (Co、Cr、Mn、Ni和Zn)和PC3 (As、Cu)为自然源因子,PC2 (Cd、Pb)为工农业及交通源因子,PC4(Hg)为工业源因子;其中Pb、Zn在PC1和PC3上均有较大载荷,受地质背景和人类活动的共同控制.③Cd、Hg含量在不同的覆被类型有显著差异,在城镇建设用地的含量最高;Co、Cr、Cu、Mn和Ni在花岗岩和变质岩母质的含量高,与冲积与海积物母质有较大差异.④来自于同一主成分的元素及元素组合的环境风险空间格局与相应主成分插值结果基本一致,所有重金属综合环境风险的高值区在西部和东部呈点状分布,主要是由西部的高地质背景和东部的强烈人为干扰的综合作用造成的.  相似文献   

Cumulative impacts on seabed habitats: An indicator for assessments of good environmental status     

Samuli Korpinen  Manuel MeidingerMaria Laamanen 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

The European seas are under anthropogenic pressures impacting the state of water quality, benthic habitats and species. The EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) requires the Member States to assess the impacts of pressures and make a programme of measures leading to good environmental status (GES) by 2020. This study presents a method for assessing the quantity and distribution of anthropogenic impacts on benthic habitats in the Baltic Sea by using spatial data of human pressures and benthic habitats. The southern sub-basins were more extensively impacted than the northern sub-basins. Over the entire sea area, deep sea habitats were more impacted than shallower infralittoral and circalittoral habitats. Sand and coarse sediments were the seabed types relatively most impacted in the Baltic Sea scale. A comparison against tentative thresholds for GES showed that in the sub-basin scale only one third of the habitat types was in GES.  相似文献   

和静开门德廷铜多金属矿矿体原生晕特征     

王敦科  韩建华  马海军 《新疆地质》2012,30(Z1):49-52

开门德廷铜多金属矿位于那拉提铜镍金铁成矿带内,发育于斜长花岗斑岩体外接触带上,围岩蚀变由矿体向外发育绢英岩化、青磐岩化、硅化,矿体发育于绢英岩化带内.通过对矿体原生晕特征研究,确立矿体原生晕分带序列.矿体原生晕R型因子模型分析显示为多期热液成矿作用,与典型斑岩矿床因子特征一致.由此建立了矿体指示元素组合评价指标,有利于预测深部盲矿体.  相似文献   

Phytoplankton based assessment of the ecological status of four shallow lakes (Eastern Poland) according to Water Framework Directive - a comparison of approaches   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Agnieszka Pasztaleniec  Ma?gorzata Poniewozik 《Limnologica》2010,40(3):251-3828

  相似文献   

Estimation of enterococci input from bathers and animals on a recreational beach using camera images     

John D. Wang  Helena M. Solo-Gabriele  Amir M. Abdelzaher  Lora E. Fleming 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(8):1270-6769

Enterococci, are used nationwide as a water quality indicator of marine recreational beaches. Prior research has demonstrated that enterococci inputs to the study beach site (located in Miami, FL) are dominated by non-point sources (including humans and animals). We have estimated their respective source functions by developing a counting methodology for individuals to better understand their non-point source load impacts. The method utilizes camera images of the beach taken at regular time intervals to determine the number of people and animal visitors. The developed method translates raw image counts for week days and weekend days into daily and monthly visitation rates. Enterococci source functions were computed from the observed number of unique individuals for average days of each month of the year, and from average load contributions for humans and for animals. Results indicate that dogs represent the larger source of enterococci relative to humans and birds.  相似文献   

Vegetation patterns and diversity along an altitudinal and a grazing gradient in the Jabal al Akhdar mountain range of northern Oman   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Katja Brinkmann  Annette Patzelt  Uta Dickhoefer  Eva Schlecht  Andreas Buerkert 《Journal of Arid Environments》2009,73(11):1035-1045

Little is known about the effects of grazing on vegetation composition on the Arabian Peninsula. The aim of this study therefore was to analyse the vegetation response to environmental conditions of open woodlands along an altitudinal and a grazing gradient in the Jabal al Akhdar mountain range of Oman. The species composition, vegetation structure, grazing damage and several environmental variables were investigated for 62 samples using a nested plot design. Classification analysis and a Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) were used to define vegetation types and to identify underlying environmental gradients. The relationship between environmental variables and diversity was analysed using correlation coefficients and a main-effects ANOVA. The plant species richness followed a unimodal distribution along the altitudinal gradient with the highest number of species at the intermediate altitudinal belt. The cluster analysis led to five vegetation groups: The Sideroxylon mascatense–Dodonaea viscosa group on grazed and the Olea europaea–Fingerhuthia africana group on ungrazed plateau sites at 2000 m a.s.l., the Ziziphus spina-christi–Nerium oleander group at wadi sites and the Moringa peregrina–Pteropyrum scoparium group at 1200 m a.s.l, and the Acacia gerrardii–Leucas inflata group at 1700 m a.s.l. The CVA indicated a clear distinction of the groups obtained by the agglomerative cluster analysis. The landform, altitude and grazing intensity were found to be the most important variables distinguishing between clusters. Overgrazing of the studied rangeland is an increasing environmental problem, whereas the plant composition at ungrazed sites pointed to a relatively fast and high regeneration potential of the local vegetation.  相似文献   

海域定级指标数据处理方法与实证          下载免费PDF全文

田松  贾后磊  涂植凤 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(7):3-9

海域定级是海域评估理论体系的重要组成，对完善我国海域有偿使用制度、统筹海洋经济与海洋环境和谐发展意义重大。海域定级指标体系构建是海域定级工作的核心环节。文章从指标体系评价因子自身属性特性、数据获取及处理难易程度、评价单元赋值合理性角度出发，对海域定级指标体系构建涉及的指标数据进行分类，按类型梳理各类指标数据的处理及赋值方法，并以广州市为例，开展实证研究，以期为海域定级指标体系数据处理的规范化工作提供思路。  相似文献