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11.
The study is focused on the specific features of water resources formation in Eastern Siberia under variable climate and regional occurrence of permafrost rocks. Expert estimates are given to the effect of greenhouse gas emissions on climate evolution in this large region. Under present-day climate conditions, featuring temperature rise and some increase in precipitation as resource-forming factors, the most significant changes are shown to have taken place in the formation of water resources and regime of dry-season runoff in individual rivers of Eastern Siberia, including the Lena, Indigirka, Kolyma, etc. Present-day resources of surface water and groundwater resources in the region are mapped and the dynamics of the annual and dryseason runoff of the rivers are plotted. 相似文献
12.
R. G. Dzhamalov I. S. Zektser G. N. Krichevets T. I. Safronova L. F. Sotnikova Yu. V. Gromova 《Water Resources》2008,35(1):15-22
Quantitative relationships between groundwater runoff and other water balance components are obtained. These relationships enable the prediction of changes in groundwater nourishment in different natural-geographic zones on the Earth because of global climatic changes and intense anthropogenic impact on the water regime of different areas. Groundwater runoff values (natural groundwater resources) in individual river basins are estimated. Digital maps (grid-models) of the space and time distribution of water balance elements (based on GIS-technology) are constructed for major river basins in European Russia, and river runoff is calculated in each grid node in river basins with a step of 0.1° in geographic coordinates. The values of major water balance components, thus related with one another, serve as the basis for their spatial and temporal analysis and cartographic representation. The proposed method was tested against data on Volga basin where long-term observational data on water balance elements are available in a number of hydrometric sections. 相似文献
13.
Dzhamalov R. G. Mironenko A. A. Myagkova K. G. Reshetnyak O. S. Safronova T. I. 《Water Resources》2019,46(2):188-198
Water Resources - Water quality dynamics along the Northern Dvina River is analyzed under the conditions of anthropogenic impact. Overall, river water is classified as very polluted. The cases of... 相似文献
14.
Nataliya Safronova Galina Mazo Galina Korobeinik Elena Shepeleva Ludmila Zhiltsova 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2004,28(2):291-304
This paper presents a scheme of analysis for bottom sediments based on inductively coupled plasma-atomic fluorescence spectrometry and arc discharge atomic emission spectrometry combined with instrumental pyrolysis and gas chromatographic methods (head space analysis) for determining organic matter. The experimental investigation was performed on bottom sediments of the Kuybyshev and Ivankovo reservoirs on the Volga River, used as a drinking water supply. The selective sample dissolution method followed by the inductively coupled plasma-atomic fluorescence spectrometry liquid phase analysis and the arc discharge atomic emission spectrometry solid phase analysis was used to obtain quantitative information on heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments. In the present work we have taken the direct extraction scheme for analysis. It is shown that the proposed combination of instrumental methods is highly effective for revealing natural and anthropogenic components in the composition of organic matter, for conducting preliminary estimation of the binding of heavy metals with organic matter and for assessing activity of organic matter biochemical transformation. The proposed approach enlarges the capabilities for prediction and modelling of the processes in environmental-geochemical investigations. 相似文献
15.
The effect of climate on the present-day formation conditions of the regimes of annual and base runoff in Eastern Siberia
rivers and changes in those regimes are studied. The significant climate warming in Eastern Siberia in recent decades is shown
to be accompanied by not only an increase in air temperature and some increase in precipitation, but also by a considerable
changes in the annual and seasonal values of river and groundwater runoff. Hydrometeorological data are used to analyze variations
in the mean annual and mean base runoff over the entire observation period divided into subperiods of 1940–1969 and 1970–2005.
Plots, diagrams, and tables are constructed for the most representative gauges. The zoning of the territory by the runoff
formation conditions was carried out and new estimates were derived for total water resources and natural groundwater resources
for 1970–2005 with the construction of maps in ArcMap program. 相似文献
16.
N. A. Titaeva E. S. Grishantseva N. S. Safronova 《Moscow University Geology Bulletin》2007,62(3):173-183
This paper discusses the distribution of trace elements in certain genetic horizons of flooded soils and riverside soil cover and compares it with the heavy metal distribution in bottom sediments of the Ivankovo Reservoir area in the Volga River valley. We present data on the chemical and grain-size compositions of bottom sediments and the concentrations of biophile elements and humus in these sediments. Correlation and factor analyses were applied to reveal the relationships between the abundances of heavy metals and humus and the grain-size composition. 相似文献
17.
A quantitative estimate is made for the first time for the role of some chemicals discharged with groundwater into seas and oceans in the formation of hydrochemical regime in the coastal zone. The estimate is based on the regional and global regularities in the formation and distribution of submarine groundwater discharge into seas and oceans. A concept is proposed regarding the existence of geochemical and biological barriers on the submarine groundwater–seawater interface, which cause significant transformation and losses of many chemical elements. 相似文献
18.
E. V. Aglizki V. A. Boiko A. Ya. Faenov V. V. Korneev V. V. Krutov S. L. Mandelstam S. A. Pikuz U. I. Safronova J. A. Sylwester A. M. Urnov L. A. Vainshtein I. A. Zhitnik 《Solar physics》1978,56(2):375-382
Spectra in the narrow vicinity of the Mg xii resonance line at = 8.42 Å were obtained aboard the satellites Intercosmos-4, -7 and the rocket Vertical-2, as well as from laser-produced plasma. The high resolution in solar and laboratory spectra made it possible to reveal a new spectral structure close to the L (Mg xii) line from both short and long wavelength sides. The main features were observed in all the spectra and were interpreted as a single or group of dielectronic satellite lines due to 2l3l 1s3l transitions in the He-like ions according to theoretical calculations which were carried out by means of relativistic Z-expansion technique. The derived electron temperature of the emitting volumes seemed to be 3 × 106 K for laser plasma and about 6 × 106 K for the solar flares studied. The latter value is in good agreement with the temperature estimated with the help of the resonance line-to-continuum intensity ratios.Polish Academy of Science, Solar-Terrestrial Relations Laboratory, Wroclaw, Poland. 相似文献
19.
Proportions of the overland, delayed, and groundwater runoff are given for different phases of the hydrological regimes of rivers under different landscape–climate conditions in Russia. The concept of runoff hydrological regime is in agreement with the formation features of the annual and seasonal runoff on small watersheds under current climate conditions. The increase in winter runoff is due to the impulse discharge regime of soil water and groundwater, which receive additional recharge during frequent thaws and at weak freezing of the aeration zone. Variations in the values of runoff, total precipitation, and mean temperature were shown to be both synchronous and periodic. 相似文献
20.
Dzhamalov R. G. Kosolapov A. E. Vlasov K. G. Myagkova K. G. Reshetnyak O. S. Safronova T. I. 《Water Resources》2019,46(1):S1-S10
Water Resources - The formation and distribution of river flow characteristics in the Don basin have been catholically analyzed, depending on the present-day climatic conditions in the central... 相似文献