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11.
利用光生物反应器培养雨生红球藻的研究初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用光生物反应器与光照培养箱两种培养容器培养雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis),对雨生红球藻在两种容器培养过程中细胞生长、pH值、溶解氧(DO)及虾青素积累情况进行比较,同时比较不同接种密度对光生物反应器培养效果的影响。实验表明,光生物反应器中藻细胞的调整期较短,接种1 d后即进入指数生长阶段,在胁迫阶段则仅需4 d即达到虾青素含量的峰值;将pH值控制在偏碱性条件下(7.75±0.10)有利于藻细胞更好生长;营养培养阶段DO相对饱和度上升至80%,而在胁迫阶段则迅速降低,最低值小于6%;较高的接种密度(2.3×104个/mL)具有较短的营养培养周期(7 d),且因接种密度变化对胁迫周期长短无明显影响(均为4 d),选用较高的接种密度可望降低工业生产成本。 相似文献
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工厂化养殖中产生的环境压力,会导致对虾应激反应的发生以及体色的减弱。为了探究胁迫下对虾体内虾青素的消耗规律以及对虾的着色与抗氧化之间的关联性,本研究通过虾青素强化后盐度胁迫的方法进行了实验。结果表明,与强化前相比,虾青素强化后植物源(夏侧金盏花)虾青素(d-AST)、合成虾青素(p-AST)处理的对虾肝胰腺中虾青素含量分别增加48.0%和17.5%;虾壳中分别增加42.8%和45.2%。富含酯化型虾青素的d-AST在肝胰腺中具有更高的沉积量;而由游离虾青素组成的p-AST在虾壳中具有更高的沉积量,不同形式的虾青素在不同组织中的沉积具有一定的偏好性。两个处理组对虾的体色明显增强。与盐度胁迫前相比,胁迫后d-AST、p-AST肝胰腺中虾青素含量分别减少了15.1%和5.7%,对照组(Ctrl)含量无变化;虾壳中分别减少了17.8%、52.9%和14.3%,各组对虾的体色均显著减弱。胁迫24 h检测到编码虾青素转运蛋白β-1,3-葡聚糖结合蛋白(βGBP-HDL)基因的显著上调表达,可能与虾壳中虾青素的减少有关。随着胁迫的进行,与对照组相比,两个处理组的抗氧化基因均呈现上调表达的趋势;各组抗氧化能力呈现先上升后下降的趋势,并在48 h时达到最大值,d-AST、p-AST分别为对照组的1.35和1.30倍。据此,作者推测对虾体内的虾青素是按照资源权衡的原则在着色和抗氧化功能中进行分配的,在遭受环境胁迫时,对虾会优先将用于着色部分的虾青素(虾壳中)转运至肝胰腺中参与抗氧化,进而表现为体色的减弱和抗氧化能力的上升。 相似文献
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ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯｖｅｒｔｈｅｐａｓｔｄｅｃａｄｅ ,Ｈａｅｍａｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓｐｌｕｖｉａｌｉｓｈａｓｂｅｅｎａｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｏｆｎｕｍｅｒｏｕｓｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｓｂｅ ｃａｕｓｅｉｔｓｃｏｎｓｐｉｃｕｏｕｓｒｅｄｃｏｌｏｒｐｏｉｎｔｓｔｏｉｔｓｐｏｓｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｙａｓａｈｏｐｅｆｕｌｒｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｖｅｂｉｏｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｏｆａｓｔａｘａｎ ｔｈｉｎ .Ｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｆａｃｔｏｒｓ (ｓｕｃｈａｓｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ,ｉｌｌｕｍｉｎａｔｉｏ… 相似文献
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Two strains H2-410 and H2-419 were obtained from the chemically mutated survivors of wild Haematococcus pluvialis 2 by using ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS). Strains H2-410 and H2-419 showed a fast cell growth with 13% and 20% increase in biomass compared to wild type, respectively. Then H2-419-4, a fast cell growth and high astaxanthin accumulation strain, was obtained by exposing the strain H2-419 to ultraviolet radiation (UV) further. The total biomass, the astaxanthin content per cell, astaxanthin production of H2-419-4 showed 68%, 28%, and 120% increase compared to wild H. pluvialis 2, respectively. HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) data showed also an obvious proportional variation of different carotenoid compositions in the extracts of H2-419-4 and the wild type, although no peak of carotenoids appeared or disappeared. Therefore, the main compositions in strain H2-419-4, like its wild one, were free of astaxanthin, monoester, and diester of astaxanthin. The asexual reproduction in survivors after exposed to UV was not synchronous, and different from the normal synchronous asexual reproduction as the mother cells were motile instead of non-motile. Interestingly, some survivors from UV irradiation produced many mini-spores (or gamete?), the spores moved away from the mother cell gradually 4 or 5 days later. This is quite similar to sexual reproduction described by Elliot in 1934. However, whether this was sexual reproduction remains questionable, as no mating process has been observed. 相似文献
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Cells of Haematococcus pluvialis Flot. et Will were collected in four different growth phases. We quantified the initial and total enzyme activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) in crude extracts, and the relative expression of large-subunit ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate caboxylase / oxygenase (rbcL) mRNA. We measured the ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiration rate (P/R), maximal effective quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), electron transport rate (ETR), actual photochemical efficiency of PSII in the light (ΦPSII), and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Green vegetative cells were found to be in the most active state, with a relatively higher P/R ratio. These cells also displayed the lowest NPQ and the highest Fv/Fm, ETR, and ΦPSII, indicating the most effective PSII. However, both Rubisco activity and rbcL mRNA expression were the lowest measured. In orange resting cysts with relatively lower P/R and NPQ, Rubisco activity and rbcL expression reached a peak, while Fv/Fm, ETR, and ΦPSII were the lowest measured. Taking into account the methods of astaxanthin induction used in industry, we suggest that Rubisco may participate in astaxanthin accumulation in H. pluvialis. A continuous and sufficient supply of a carbon source such as CO2 may therefore aid the large scale production of astaxanthin. 相似文献
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为探讨投喂增色剂对鱼类增色效果的定量评价方法,分别用添加0、30、100、300、500、700、900 mg/kg虾青素的饲料饲喂血鹦鹉60 d,测定血鹦鹉皮肤中的总类胡萝卜素含量和鱼体体色的三刺激值。结果显示,血鹦鹉皮肤总类胡萝卜素含量随着虾青素添加量的增加而升高,而三刺激值X、Y、Z则逐渐减小。总类胡萝卜素含量300～900 mg/kg各组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),500、700和900 mg/kg组显著高于0、30、100 mg/kg组(P<0.05),而500、700和900 mg/kg各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。总类胡萝卜素含量与三刺激值间的相关系数分别为-0.966、-0.932、-0.981,均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。可见,在饲料中添加虾青素可明显提高血鹦鹉皮肤类胡萝卜素含量,改善血鹦鹉体色,血鹦鹉体色的三刺激值与皮肤总类胡萝卜素含量有极高的相关性,可用测色色差计测定血鹦鹉的三刺激值,并以此来推算鱼体皮肤总类胡萝卜素含量,定量评价血鹦鹉的体色。 相似文献
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经30多年不懈努力与系统创新研发，我国已成功地实现红球藻虾青素资源的规模化生产，开发出新资源食品和功能性生物制品。期间，我们结合微藻产业现状与国情，围绕红球藻资源开发的产业化链条，针对上中下游重要环节的关键性瓶颈问题，开展了基础理论探索、新技术开发、产业化推广与新活性功效发掘等系列工作。借建所70周年所庆成果专刊出版之际，全面回顾总结我们在该藻种质资源、基于细胞周期调控的二步串联培养模式、关键参数优化与控制、光反应器培养设施创制、生物污染危害和防控原理与策略、活性物质开发与新功能挖掘、产业标准与体系建设等方面所取得的进展，同时展望发展趋势，以期促进红球藻以及整个微藻产业的健康可持续发展。 相似文献
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In this paper, we investigated the effects of temperature, oxygen, antioxidants, and corn germ oil on the stability of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis under different storage conditions, and changes in the composition of astaxanthin esters during storage using high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry. Oxygen and high temperatures （22-25~C） significantly reduced the stability of astaxanthin esters. Corn germ oil and antioxidants （ascorbic acid and vitamin E） failed to protect astaxanthin from oxidation, and actually significantly increased the instability of astaxanthin. A change in the relative composition of astaxanthin esters was observed after 96 weeks of long-term storage. During storage, the relative amounts of free astaxanthin and astaxanthin monoesters declined, while the relative amount of astaxanthin diesters increased. Thus, the ratio of astaxanthin diester to monoester increased, and this ratio could be used to indicate if astaxanthin esters have been properly preserved. If the ratio is greater than 0.2, it suggests that the decrease in astaxanthin content could be higher than 20%. Our results show that storing algal powder from H. pluvialis or other natural astaxanthin products under vacuum and in the dark below 4~C is the most economical and applicable storage method for the large-scale production of astaxanthin from H. pluvialis. This storage method can produce an astaxanthin preservation rate of at least 80% after 96 weeks of storage. 相似文献
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单细胞淡水绿藻-雨生红球藻能够在一定条件积累一种次生类胡萝卜素-虾青素，因而在生长后期藻体变为深红色。其中，IPP异构酶在雨生红球藻中的虾青素合成过程中发挥了重要作用。在本研究中，我们首次通过基因组上游步移克隆到了雨生红球藻中IPP异构酶基因的两个不同5’上游侧翼序列，大小分别是1．8kb和2．5kb。利用生物信息学方法分别对这两个不同5’上游侧翼序列进行了序列分析，结果发现，二者具有某些相同的顺式作用元件，如可能的脱落酸反应元件（ABRE）、干燥或低温反应元件（DRE／C-repeat）、几种光反应元件（G-box，GAG-motif，I-boxand ATC-motif）、热激反应元件（HSE）、机械伤害反应元件（WUN-motif）、水杨酸反应元件（TCA-element）、生长素反应元件（TGA-element）、茉莉酸甲酯反应元件（TGACG-element）、缺氧特异反应中的增强子类似元件（GC-motif）和反式作用因子MYB蛋白的结合位点（MBS and MRE），但是二者并不具有典型的TATA框和CCAAT框。上述研究预示了雨生红球藻虾青素合成中IPP异构酶基因转录调控方式的多样化。 相似文献