周口店新发现距今11～1.9万年的洞穴堆积层的成因及年代学研究     

田明中  曹伯勋 《现代地质》1993,7(4):421-427

本文对周口店新发现距今11～1.9万年的东岭子洞穴堆积物进行了成因研究,认为该套堆积物并非全属岩溶堆积物,其中也有风成黄土沉积。应用古地磁、热发光及铀系法等年代学方法测定,认为这套堆积为距今11～1.9万年间沉积,弥补了周口店地区近5万年的晚更新世洞穴地层空缺,是一个含有丰富地质事件的晚更新世洞穴地层剖面。  相似文献   

晚上新世-早更新世北太平洋和黄土高原的风尘沉积记录的初步对比   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

孙有斌  刘青松 《第四纪研究》2007,27(2):263-269

保存在陆地、海洋和冰芯中的风尘沉积物与粉尘源区的干旱化历史、过去大气环流模式及其强度的演化密切相关,因而,直接的海陆风尘记录对比一直是古气候研究中的热点.为了获得对亚洲粉尘源区的干旱化波动和东亚季风演化的全面认识,较高分辨率地提取了北太平洋ODP 885站深海沉积物中的风尘组分,进而估算了晚上新世-早更新世时段北太平洋中部的风尘通量变化.结果表明,亚洲内陆粉尘源区的干燥度具有大时间尺度的变化特征,在2.7Ma左右急剧增加,随后在2.7～1.5Ma时段逐渐减小,自1.5Ma开始又逐渐增加.此外,在2.7～0.9Ma时段,粉尘源区经历了多次显著的轨道时间尺度上的干湿波动.通过对北太平洋和黄土高原的风尘记录的直接对比,发现在距今约2.7Ma,东亚地区的古环境发生了显著的变动,表现为亚洲内陆干旱化的加剧和大幅度冬、夏季风环流的盛行.然而,自2.7Ma开始,尤其是1.5Ma以后,由于北太平洋和黄土高原与亚洲粉尘源区的距离不同,两地的风尘通量所揭示的干旱化趋势和变化幅度存有明显差异.北太平洋远离亚洲内陆,其风尘通量变化基本不受粉尘源区范围变化的影响,因而更能反映源区干燥度的变化.相反,黄土高原由于距离粉尘源区较近,风尘通量的变化可能同时受到粉尘源区干燥度和范围的变化以及携带粉尘的风动力强度变化的影响.显然,海洋和陆地古气候记录的直接对比,可为深入认识过去气候变化提供新的思路.  相似文献   

辽西金岭寺—羊山盆地北部土城子组层序地层特征及盆地演化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

邢德和  张立东  郭胜哲  张长捷  彭艳东  贾斌  陈树旺  丁秋红  郑月娟 《中国地质》2001,28(12):5-12

辽西金（金岭寺）－羊（羊山）盆地北部陆相红层土城子组非常发育，沉积物具有明显的旋回性。根据岩石组合、组构、沉积相及环境变化等分析，本区土城子组自下而上大体可划分为1个Ⅱ级层序、2个Ⅲ级层 序、26个Ⅳ级层序。在区域构造控制下，金－羊盆地北部在土城子期经历了两次湖扩张－湖萎缩过程，分别对应下部的冲积扇－干化湖、中部的冲积扇－风成沙漠和顶部的干化湖沉积。  相似文献   

Grain-size features of a Miocene loess-soil sequence at Qinan: Implications on its origin   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

QIAO Yansong  GUO Zhengtang  HAO Qingzhen  YIN Qiuzhen  YUAN Baoyin  LIU Tungsheng 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(7):731-738

In northern China, the Quaternary loess-soil se-quences[1] and the Hipparion Red-Earth Formation in the eastern Loess Plateau[2―6] provide a continental climate record for the past 8 Ma. The recently reported Miocene[7] and Pliocene[8] loess-soil sequences near Qinan constitute an eolian record of the western Loess Plateau from 22 to 3.5 Ma. Earlier studies[9] place the Miocene loess deposits into the so-called Gansu Sys-tem. Our investigations show that the Gansu System contains inde…  相似文献   

Metallogenic focus-area and superlarge mineral deposits in the bordering zones between China,Russia and Mongolia     

Shaokang Hu  Hongquan Yan  Mao Ye  Weidong Xiang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1998,41(1):28-34

Two deep-sea cores in the northwest Pacific have been analysed for sedimentology, mineralogy and environmental magnetism. The results show that after eliminating the interference from volcanism, several proxies such as quartz content, mass susceptibility and anhysteretic magnetic remanence can be used to indicate the eolian deposit from East Asia, and provide information on paleo-atmospheric circulation. A comparison of eolian record in Cure RC10-175 with its oxygen isotopic curve has revealed that the peaks of eolian accumulation occurred at the climatic “optimum” of the Holocene and the last interglaciation, showing the fairly complex nonlinear relationship between continental/pelagic eolian records and the global glacial cycles as well as within the climatic and environmental system. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 9291104)  相似文献   

兰州地区新近纪地层的沉积相与古环境记录   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张焱  孙东怀  韩飞  王飞  朱彦虎  张月宝  易治宇  李再军 《沉积学报》2010,28(3):611-619

兰州地区位于黄土和青藏高原的过渡带,其第三纪地层对研究风尘沉积发育和青藏高原隆升都有着特殊的意义。本研究以0.25 m为间距对厚度210 m的兰州皋兰山剖面的新近纪地层采集样品901个,在实验室对试验样品进行前处理后对其进行了粒度、磁化率和色度测试。用粒度分布函数的方法分离了沉积物的各成因组分,确定了风成组分和水成组分在全剖面沉积物中所占的百分比。结合色度和磁化率的实验结果分析表明,皋兰山剖面地层以风尘沉积为主,其间夹有河流相沉积的约15层砂岩。古环境的恢复表明,兰州地区从至少约7 Ma开始,沉积地层经历了由河湖相向风尘沉积转变,气候干旱化开始,与黄土高原风尘序列堆积底界8～7 Ma基本一致。6～5.2 Ma构造稳定,是比较开阔的平原环境,并且气候条件比较湿热;5.2～3.5 Ma间构造波动比较频繁,形成了间隔性的河流相砂岩沉积,而在气候表现为干冷;自3.5 Ma开始,兰州地区发生相对构造沉陷,五泉砾岩层的发育是对青藏运动A幕的具体响应。  相似文献   

云南思茅盆地景谷地区下白垩统曼岗组风成砂岩沉积学特征及其古气候意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

袁桃  吴驰华  伊海生  龚政  王立成  曾令旗 《地质学报》2015,89(11):2062-2074

本文通过野外剖面的观察和实测,室内薄片鉴定、阴极发光分析、粒度分析、扫描电镜及能谱测试分析,研究了云南思茅盆地景谷地区下白垩统曼岗组风成砂岩沉积学特征,详细了解了风成砂岩的发育特征,以期为研究区白垩纪古气候研究提供新的资料,为我国钾盐勘探提供一定的地质依据和新的思路。研究结果表明:1研究区曼岗组主要出露一套中—细粒石英砂岩、岩屑石英砂岩,发育中—大型交错层理、平行层理,碎屑颗粒分选中等-好,以次圆状-圆状为主,孔隙不发育,杂基含量少;2曼岗组中段发育具平行层理的石英砂岩,粒度分布呈双众数,带状分布,石英颗粒为浑圆状,颗粒表面见Fe、Mn质薄膜,颗粒表面具明显的碟形坑等特征,属于典型的风成砂岩,初步判定其沉积环境为风成沙丘和丘间沉积;3景谷地区下白垩统曼岗组风成砂岩,整体表现为干热型气候,曼岗组中段为丘间沉积,曼岗组上段和下段为沙丘沉积。其在搬运沉积成岩过程中经历了强烈的物理、化学风化作用,整体表现为氧化环境,风力较大,风速稳定,持续时间长。此外,可能还经历了一段时期的湿润性气候环境,这可能与大气降水、大气环流带的迁移,以及白垩纪海侵作用等有关。  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEW     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(2):94-95

Eolian landforms as sandy dunes and dune heaps were mapped by the author in 1979–1980 in a zone where vegetation had been destroyed by a forest fire on 30 June 1976, in an area to the east of Elverum, south-east Norway. The mapped eolian landforms are discussed together with information from 40 samples of the eolian sediment. Winds, mostly from the north and north-west, were responsible for the development of these eolian landforms, utilizing the fluvioglacial sediments accumulated as a sandur during the retreat of the inland ice approximately 10,000 years ago. The winds were active during a short period of time, only a century or so before the area became vegetated.  相似文献   

罗布泊全新世沉积特征及其环境意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱青  王富葆  曹琼英  夏训诚  李升峰  马春梅 《地层学杂志》2009,33(3)

罗布泊西湖属开阔湖盆,上世纪30年代其面积达1900km2,但湖心剖面粒度分析的结果表明,其粒度组成与一般开阔湖盆有着显著的不同:沉积物常具黄色与灰色互层结构,层理清晰,黄色层的粒度组成中常含较多粗颗粒砂,灰与黄色层的混合样是以粉砂黏土为主,同时含有一定量的中、细砂,甚至粗砂。根据与风成砂和尘暴沉积的粒度组成对比,可知这种沉积特征与现代尘暴沉积有很大的相似性,因而表明风尘是罗布泊沉积的重要物源,并可据此来恢复10000a以来本区尘暴作用的强弱变化。  相似文献   

Holocene history of lacustrine and marsh sediments in a dune-blocked drainage, Southwestern Nebraska Sand Hills, U.S.A.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jon P. Mason  James B. Swinehart  David B. Loope 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1997,17(1):67-83

As many as 2500 interdune lakes lie within the Nebraska Sand Hills, a 50000 km stabilized sand sea. The few published data on cores from these lakes indicate they are typically underlain by less than two m of Holocene lacustrine sediments. However, three lakes in the southwestern Sand Hills, Swan, Blue, and Crescent, contain anomalously thick marsh (peat) and lacustrine (gyttja) sediments. Swan Lake basin contains as much as 8 m of peat, which was deposited between about 9000 and 3300 years ago. This peat is conformably overlain by as much as 10.5 m of gyttja. The sediment record in Blue lake, which is 3 km downgradient from Swan lake, dates back to only about 6000 years ago. Less than two m of peat, which was deposited from 6000 to 5000 years ago, is overlain by 12 m of gyttja deposited in the last 4300 years. Crescent Lake basin, one km downgradient from Blue Lake, has a similar sediment history except for a lack of known peat deposits. Recently, a 8-km long segment of a paleovalley was documented running beneath the three lakes and connecting to the head of Blue Creek Valley. Blockage of this paleovalley by dune sand during two arid intervals, one shortly before 10500 yr BP and one in the mid-Holocene, has resulted in a 25 m rise in the regional water table. This made possible the deposition of organic-rich sediment in all three lakes. Although these lakes, especially Swan, would seem ideal places to look for a nearly complete record of Holocene climatic fluctuations, the paleoclimatic record is confounded by the effect dune dams have on the water table. In Swan Lake, the abrupt conversion from marsh to lacustrine deposition 3300 years ago does not simply record the change to a wetter regional climate; it reflects the complex local hydrologic changes surrounding the emplacement and sealing of dune dams, as well as regional climate.  相似文献