世界水溶气资源分布、现状及问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周文  陈文玲  邓虎成  周秋媚 《矿物岩石》2011,31(2)

针对世界水溶气资源及国内外勘探开发现状统计结果表明,全世界水溶气资源丰富,总量达33 837×1012m3,这比常规天然气资源量(293×1012m3)高两个数量级;中国主要的含油气盆地中水溶气资源也很丰富,43个盆地的水溶气资源量的估算结果达到19×1012m3。对水溶性气藏成藏条件的分析研究认为:丰富的气源、异常高地层压力、储集层和保存条件是形成该类气藏的主要条件。根据天然气溶解的Henry经验定律、分子间隙溶解机理分析,认为溶解和脱气过程中除了考虑温度和压力变化,还存在构造震荡脱气等脱气过程。由于对不同的地层水条件下,天然气的溶解度变化的认识尚不太清晰,且富集条件及静态气藏形成条件是否能够促成动态气藏的形成,以及其他因素对气藏有何影响亦需要深入研究,对国内水溶性气藏资源需要进行系统的评价,确定气藏的有效开发技术方法,以促进水溶性天然气的勘探和开发,增加我国天然气供给的途径。  相似文献   

六盘水市地质灾害现状调查及防治     

游桂芝 《地质灾害与环境保护》2011,22(3):39-42

六盘水市为地质灾害多、高发区,近年罕见的灾害性天气诱发隐患点大增,全市防治工作面临新的挑战.在对2010年地质灾害现状调查的基础上,分析和总结地质灾害特点及防治工作现状,并有针对性地提出了防治建议.  相似文献   

六盘水市煤炭资源开发利用结构调整与优化的探讨     

游桂芝  潘庆英 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(5):69-72

六盘水市矿产资源丰富,尤以煤炭为主,但从目前煤炭资源开发利用现状来看,其结构布局尚欠合理,开发利用方式比较粗放,存在＂采富弃贫、大矿小开、一矿多开、技术落后、安全条件差、资源回收率低＂等现象,环境保护与恢复治理的难度也越来越大。为了提高煤炭资源开采利用效率,从规模结构、技术结构、产品结构三个方面提出了六盘水市煤炭资源开发利用结构调整与优化方法：要求新建矿山在30万t/a以上,最低服务年限不低于25年,将目前的小型煤矿山减少到125个;采用高新技术和先进技术,促进矿企产业升级;进行产品结构调整,改变采矿、选矿、冶炼方式,实现集约型经营。  相似文献   

珠江口滨海湿地退化现状、原因及保护对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李团结  马玉  王迪  王爱军  周英 《热带海洋学报》2011,(4)

2007年和2008年秋季对珠江口滨海湿地进行了环境现状综合调查,结果表明,珠江口滨海湿地退化主要表现在4个方面:天然湿地面积减少、湿地生产力不断下降、湿地环境状况持续恶化和湿地景观破碎化。珠江口滨海湿地退化的原因主要为滩涂开发与围填海、污染物排放、养殖污染、海平面上升、过度捕捞、海砂开采和港口码头建设以及水土资源开发等因素。滨海湿地保护与利用对策主要有:制定有关滨海湿地保护的法律法规和湿地保护与利用规划;加强人才队伍建设和滨海湿地有关技术研究;建立滨海湿地动态监测体系;加大滨海湿地保护区建设的力度;加强宣传和教育。  相似文献   

基于时态数据库技术的导航信息空间关系局部动态更新方法     

郭继发  毛健  崔铁军 《测绘软科学研究》2011,(4):47-50

针对目前导航电子地图生产中导航地图数据生产周期长的问题,提出了一种基于导航数据生命周期状态维护触发器的导航地图数据生产时空动态更新模型。首先基于时空数据库技术构建了导航地图数据生产时空数据模型,构建了导航数据生命周期状态维护触发器,将导航数据空间关系分为一级几何拓扑和二级逻辑拓扑。利用触发器,使得导航数据的任何变更（几何和逻辑）得到有效记录,保证了增量包的有效导出。  相似文献   

土地利用现状图的矢量化方法研究     

计长飞 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(4):159-160,163

土地利用现状图的数字化是建立土地利用数据库的主要技术手段之一,图斑作为土地利用现状图的主要要素,其矢量化方法的优化与否不仅关系着整个数据采集的进程,而且还将影响到土地信息系统的稳定与否。文章针对传统的图斑矢量化引起的面域交叉、对象撕裂等问题研究提出了基于弧段的图斑矢量化方法,并通过线状地物与图斑的叠合分析,建立线状地物...  相似文献   

A Comparative Analysis of Primary and Extreme Characteristics of Dry or Wet Status between Asia and North America   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

HUA Lijuan  MA Zhuguo  ZHONG Linhao 《大气科学进展》2011,28(2):352-362

In this study, the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) was used to analyze the average and extreme dry/wet states of Asia and North America from 1953 to 2003. The results indicate that the two continents underwent drying trends during this period. Compared with North America, Asia showed more severe drought trends. However, more significant and regular seasonal variation for drought was found in North America. The driest regions in Asia were located in the northern region of China, Mongolia, and eastern mid-Siberian plateau. Most regions in central North America were relatively wetter than other regions. The northern and southwestern regions of North America, as well as the Atlantic and Pacific coastal areas, experienced the most drought during this period. A sharp increase of the drought area and the number of extreme drought events took place from 1997 to 2003 in both Asia and North America. Severe drought events were more likely to occur during the summer on both continents. Asia had the most extreme drought events during July, but North America reached its highest drought frequency from June to September. In Asia, a persistent increasing trend of extreme drought emerged throughout the studied period. However, a more complex evolution of drought emerged in North America: a decreasing trend appeared before the mid-1960s and an increasing trend appeared after the late 1970s. A relatively steady dry/wet status was observed between the mid-1960s and the late 1970s. The role of exceptional, extreme drought events with respect to the La Nin?a event was considered during 1997–2003.  相似文献   

Assessing the benthic quality status of the Bohai Bay (China) with proposed modifications of M-AMBI   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

CAI Wenqian  BORJA Angel  LIN Kuixuan  ZHU Yanzhong  ZHOU Juan  LIU Lusan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(10):111-121

Multivariate AZTI's Marine Biotic Index (M-AMBI) was designed to indicate the ecological status of European coastal areas. Based upon samples collected from 2009 to 2012 in the Bohai Bay, we have tested the response of variations of M-AMBI, using biomass (M-BAMBI) in the calculations, with different transformations of the raw data. The results showed that the ecological quality of most areas in the study indicated by M-AMBI was from moderate to bad status with the worse status in the coastal areas, especially around the estuaries, harbors and outfalls, and better status in the offshore areas except the area close to oil platforms or disposal sites. Despite large variations in nature of the input data, all variations of M-AMBI gave similar spatial and temporal distribution patterns of the ecological status within the bay, and showed high correlation between them. The agreement of new ecological status obtained from all M-AMBI variations, which were calculated according to linear regression, was almost perfect. The benthic quality, assessed using different input data, could be related to human pressures in the bay, such as water discharges, land reclamation, dredged sediment and drilling cuts disposal sites. It seems that M-BAMBI were more effective than M-NABMI (M-AMBI calculated using abundance data) in indicating human pressures of the Bay. Finally, indices calculated with more severe transformations, such as presence/absence data, could not indicate the higher density of human pressures in the coastal areas of the north part of our study area, but those calculated using mild transformation (i.e., square root) did.  相似文献   

强台风下导管架平台倒塌全过程数值仿真     

朱本瑞  陈国明  林红  刘红兵  黄超 《海洋工程》2015,33(2):97-104

针对强台风引起的平台倒塌问题,综合隐式有限元与显式动力有限元算法,建立导管架平台结构倒塌全过程仿真流程;提出基于重现期的Pushover分析方法,充分考虑平台侧向环境载荷分布的变化以及可能的甲板上浪载荷因素,使得确定的倒塌环境载荷更加真实;采用APDL编制平台隐式与显式有限元模型转化程序,有效解决波浪载荷计算与精确施加的难题;在此基础上,应用LS-DYNA实现导管架平台在强台风载荷下的倒塌全过程仿真,动态再现平台结构倒塌过程中的构件破坏失效及内力分布,深入揭示平台结构的倒塌机理。研究成果可为导管架平台结构抗台风设计及理论研究提供参考。  相似文献   

A review of the assessments of the major fisheries resources in South Africa     

CL de Moor  SJ Johnston  A Brandão  RA Rademeyer  JP Glazer  LB Furman 《African Journal of Marine Science》2015,37(3):285-311

The waters off South Africa's coastline boast a rich mix of commercially fished species. Quantitative assessments of these marine resources have developed from simple methods first applied in the 1970s, to models that encompass a wide range of methodologies. The more valuable resources have undergone regular assessments in recent decades, with frequencies closely related to the management approach employed for each fishery. Many of these assessments form the operating models used to simulation-test candidate management procedures. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the assessments of 11 of the most important fisheries resources in South Africa. Some assessments use simple biomass dynamics models, whereas others are a hybrid of age- and length-based models, each designed to model the specific characteristics of the resource and fishery concerned. Many of the assessments have been disaggregated by species/stock and/or area as related multispecies/stock/ distribution hypotheses have arisen. This paper explores the similarities and differences in the data available and the methods applied. The review indicates that, whereas the status of three of these resources cannot be estimated reliably at present, the status of six resources is considered to be reasonable to good, whereas that of abalone Haliotis midae and West Coast rock lobster Jasus lalandii remains poor.  相似文献