论湖南省泥盆系层控矿床的分类     

王甫仁  匡耀求 《湖南地质》1990,9(1):28-34

本文就不同学者所提出的层控矿床分类方案进行了综合评述,论述了作者们近年来研究湖南省泥盆系层控矿床提出的一种新的分类方案,将其分为沉积—改造型(简称改造型)、后成渗滤热液型(简称渗滤型)和岩浆热液叠加型(简称叠加型)三大类;然后根据矿种及成矿元素组合分成若干类,再根据矿体形态及矿体与赋矿地层的整合关系分成若干小类。并就湖南省泥盆系内产出的矿床作了具体划分,总结了各类矿床的特点与区分标志。改造型矿床主要是黄铁矿床,矿质来自泥盆系,成矿受沉积相和同沉积断裂控制,渗滤型矿床主要为铅锌、锑、金矿床,矿质来自下伏岩层,成矿受成岩后长期活动断裂控制,叠加型矿床主要为钨、铅锌、磁黄铁矿等矿床,矿质主要来自燕山期岩体,成矿受燕山期断裂和岩浆作用控制。该分类对指导层控矿床的找矿勘探具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Current Research Status and Prospect of Tectonically Deformed Coal     

Jiang Bo  Li Ming  Qu Zhenghui  Liu Jiegang  Li Wu 《地球科学进展》2016,31(4):335-346

A number of studies have shown that development areas of weak deformation brittle series of tectonically deformed coal are often the favorable areas for coalbed methane development, and the distribution area of the mylonitic coal of ductile deformation is a danger zone of mine gas outburst. Therefore, faced with solving the key scientific issues and technical problems of the coal bed methane exploration and development and gas outburst prediction and evaluation, more and more attention has been paid to the research on tectonically deformed coal. This paper first systematically elaborated the main research progress on the concept and classification of tectonically deformed coals, their deformation characteristics, and the pore fissure structure and chemical structure. Then, it pointed out that there was a lack of research on the ductile deformation mechanism of coal, and this key scientific problem needs further research in the future. It seemed that the structural and geochemical process of chemical elements migration and accumulation during coal deformation was a new field which is worth exploring. Through refining stress sensitive elements, their distribution and evolution patterns in different stress-strain environments and different types of tectonically deformed coals might be revealed, and then they could become a predictive index which indicates the significance of distribution of tectonically deformed coals and gas outburst prediction. It was thought that geophysical response characteristics and research of detection theory and interpretation method of different types of tectonically deformed coal and gas enrichment area should be an important development direction in the future.  相似文献   

A systematic comparison of different object-based classification techniques using high spatial resolution imagery in agricultural environments     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2016

Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) is becoming more prevalent in remote sensing classification, especially for high-resolution imagery. Many supervised classification approaches are applied to objects rather than pixels, and several studies have been conducted to evaluate the performance of such supervised classification techniques in GEOBIA. However, these studies did not systematically investigate all relevant factors affecting the classification (segmentation scale, training set size, feature selection and mixed objects). In this study, statistical methods and visual inspection were used to compare these factors systematically in two agricultural case studies in China. The results indicate that Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) are highly suitable for GEOBIA classifications in agricultural areas and confirm the expected general tendency, namely that the overall accuracies decline with increasing segmentation scale. All other investigated methods except for RF and SVM are more prone to obtain a lower accuracy due to the broken objects at fine scales. In contrast to some previous studies, the RF classifiers yielded the best results and the k-nearest neighbor classifier were the worst results, in most cases. Likewise, the RF and Decision Tree classifiers are the most robust with or without feature selection. The results of training sample analyses indicated that the RF and adaboost. M1 possess a superior generalization capability, except when dealing with small training sample sizes. Furthermore, the classification accuracies were directly related to the homogeneity/heterogeneity of the segmented objects for all classifiers. Finally, it was suggested that RF should be considered in most cases for agricultural mapping.  相似文献   

中国沿海螠虫动物（螠虫动物门）名录     

王玮  周红  李凤鲁 《海洋科学进展》1995,(4)

本文取１９８０～１９８９年间在我国沿海进行　虫动物区系调查的标本和有关资料做了整理、鉴定，共１１种，分隶于２目，２科，８属．  相似文献   

南极航线和航区环境概述     

王殿昌  施国强 《海洋预报》1994,11(4):39-46

本文汇集了我国南极科学考察前十年（１９８４－１９９３年）的南极考察航线，根据航区和任务，对南极航线进行了分类：对各航区中影响航行的海洋环境状况－诸如低纬地区的热带气旋，中纬地区的温带气旋和高纬地区的绕极气旋等主要灾害性天气系统的生成源地，移动路么荼了介绍；文中还着得活冰的增，减期和浮冰边缘线进行了描述。以求达到对过去十年南极考察航线作出比较客观的评价。  相似文献   

Combining Lidar Elevation Data and IKONOS Multispectral Imagery for Coastal Classification Mapping     

D. Scott Lee  Jie Shan 《Marine Geodesy》2003,26(1):117-127

This article studies the effect of airborne lidar (surface) elevation data on the classification of multispectral IKONOS images over a coastal area. The lidar data and IKONOS images are treated as independent multiple bands to conduct the classification. To do so, the lidar elevation data is first resampled to the same ground spacing interval and stretched to the same radiometric range as the IKONOS images. An unsupervised classification based on the ISODATA algorithm is then used to determine a class schema of six classes: road, water, marsh, roof, tree, and sand. Training sites and checking sites are selected over the lidar-IKONOS merged data set for the subsequent supervised classification and quality evaluation. The complete confusion matrices and average quality indices are presented to assess and compare the classification results. It is shown that the inclusion of the lidar elevation data benefits the separation of classes that have similar spectral characteristics, such as roof and road, water and marsh. The overall classification errors, especially the false positive errors, are reduced by up to 50%. Moreover, by using the lidar elevation data, the classification results show more realistic and homogeneous distribution of geographic features. This property will benefit the subsequent vectorization of the classification maps and the integration of the vector data into a geographical information system.  相似文献   

东海海洋锋分类的初步探讨     

汤毓祥 《海洋科学进展》1995,(2)

基于笔者近年来对海洋锋的研究（１９９０；１９９２；１９９５）［１，５～７］，本文初次探讨了东海海洋锋的分类问题。同时，对各类海洋锋的海洋学特征及其形成机理做了分析比较。并给出了各种海洋锋的垂直结构模式图。  相似文献   

Classification method,spectral diversity,band combination and accuracy assessment evaluation for urban feature detection     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2013

Automatic extraction of urban features from high resolution satellite images is one of the main applications in remote sensing. It is useful for wide scale applications, namely: urban planning, urban mapping, disaster management, GIS (geographic information systems) updating, and military target detection. One common approach to detecting urban features from high resolution images is to use automatic classification methods. This paper has four main objectives with respect to detecting buildings. The first objective is to compare the performance of the most notable supervised classification algorithms, including the maximum likelihood classifier (MLC) and the support vector machine (SVM). In this experiment the primary consideration is the impact of kernel configuration on the performance of the SVM. The second objective of the study is to explore the suitability of integrating additional bands, namely first principal component (1st PC) and the intensity image, for original data for multi classification approaches. The performance evaluation of classification results is done using two different accuracy assessment methods: pixel based and object based approaches, which reflect the third aim of the study. The objective here is to demonstrate the differences in the evaluation of accuracies of classification methods. Considering consistency, the same set of ground truth data which is produced by labeling the building boundaries in the GIS environment is used for accuracy assessment. Lastly, the fourth aim is to experimentally evaluate variation in the accuracy of classifiers for six different real situations in order to identify the impact of spatial and spectral diversity on results. The method is applied to Quickbird images for various urban complexity levels, extending from simple to complex urban patterns. The simple surface type includes a regular urban area with low density and systematic buildings with brick rooftops. The complex surface type involves almost all kinds of challenges, such as high dense build up areas, regions with bare soil, and small and large buildings with different rooftops, such as concrete, brick, and metal.Using the pixel based accuracy assessment it was shown that the percent building detection (PBD) and quality percent (QP) of the MLC and SVM depend on the complexity and texture variation of the region. Generally, PBD values range between 70% and 90% for the MLC and SVM, respectively. No substantial improvements were observed when the SVM and MLC classifications were developed by the addition of more variables, instead of the use of only four bands. In the evaluation of object based accuracy assessment, it was demonstrated that while MLC and SVM provide higher rates of correct detection, they also provide higher rates of false alarms.  相似文献   

Toward accountable land use mapping: Using geocomputation to improve classification accuracy and reveal uncertainty     

Johan Beekhuizen  Keith C. Clarke 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010

The classification of satellite imagery into land use/cover maps is a major challenge in the field of remote sensing. This research aimed at improving the classification accuracy while also revealing uncertain areas by employing a geocomputational approach. We computed numerous land use maps by considering both image texture and band ratio information in the classification procedure. For each land use class, those classifications with the highest class-accuracy were selected and combined into class-probability maps. By selecting the land use class with highest probability for each pixel, we created a hard classification. We stored the corresponding class probabilities in a separate map, indicating the spatial uncertainty in the hard classification. By combining the uncertainty map and the hard classification we created a probability-based land use map, containing spatial estimates of the uncertainty. The technique was tested for both ASTER and Landsat 5 satellite imagery of Gorizia, Italy, and resulted in a 34% and 31% increase, respectively, in the kappa coefficient of classification accuracy. We believe that geocomputational classification methods can be used generally to improve land use and land cover classification from imagery, and to help incorporate classification uncertainty into the resultant map themes.  相似文献   

Types and genetic mechanism of chrysoberyl depositsSCIEI北大核心CSCD     

马垠策  洪涛  刘善科  李杭  马华东  王威  徐兴旺 《岩石学报》2022,38(4):943-962

金绿宝石作为一种铍矿物,不仅能用于高新科技、军事、医疗等领域,也是一种珍贵的宝石。自十八世纪被发现以来,金绿宝石成因和矿床特征被广泛地关注与研究。本文梳理与归纳了金绿宝石矿物学特征、矿床类型与分布,并给出新的矿床划分方案;总结了金绿宝石矿床的形成机制和影响因素等方面研究进展及科学问题。金绿宝石矿床按照成因可分为四个大类,即熔体结晶类、变质成因类、交代成因类和风化成因类;而根据赋存岩石,可将金绿宝石矿床进一步划分为六种亚型,分别是花岗岩-伟晶岩型、变质伟晶岩型、蛇纹岩型、云母岩型、条纹岩型和砂矿型。金绿宝石可在高温的高分异花岗岩岩浆中直接结晶形成,主要与石英、长石、白云母、绿柱石等共生,也可见锌尖晶石、夕线石和红柱石;在高级变质条件下金绿宝石由绿柱石分解得到,在变质伟晶岩型中金绿宝石与长石和石英共生,而在蛇纹岩型中金绿宝石与硅铍石共生;由远端交代作用控制形成的条纹岩型金绿宝石常与萤石、硅铍石和塔菲石共生,而由近端交代作用控制形成的云母型金绿宝石则与金云母、绿柱石和硅铍石共生。金绿宝石矿床仍存在很多有待解决与深入探讨的科学问题：金绿宝石形成的温压范围比较大,可能存在不同晶体相;针对花岗岩-...  相似文献