利用常规观测资料、加密观测降水资料、FY-2E卫星TBB资料、多普勒雷达资料和NCEP再分析资料,对2013年7月8—11日发生在四川省的连续性特大暴雨过程的中尺度特征进行分析。结果表明:1)此次持续84 h的暴雨过程集中在四川盆地西部,具有雨强大、持续时间长、沿龙门山脉山脚一带分布等特征。2)暴雨发生在有利的环流背景下,对流层高层受青藏高压控制,500 h Pa高度层上受稳定少动的西太平洋副热带高压阻挡使得短波槽东移后在四川盆地西部聚集,低层切变线、辐合线和西南低涡作用有利于强对流的发展。3)暴雨过程中有22个中尺度对流云团在盆地西部生成、发展、合并,伴随着7个中尺度雨团的活动。4)多个对流单体发展合并成多单体风暴,再进一步发展合并成带状或片状混合云,且在四川盆地西部表现明显"列车效应",这是强降水集中在该地区的原因。 相似文献
A land-use-based method for potential human health risk analysis was introduced by employing soil sampling data in Zhuzhou City, China. It was found that distribution and sources of heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cr) in soil had a large variation among different land-use types. A total of 8.3 % of the study area recorded a hazard index (HI) above the threshold of 1.0. High HIs were located mainly in the industrial area. The largest contribution to HI was the arsenic (over 87 %) and the pathway of soil ingestion (about 76 %). The mean standardized error and root mean square standardized error indicated that the land-use-based simulation method provided more accurate estimates than the method that applied geostatistical methods to the whole study area and did not consider land-use information. The areas of greater concern for human health can be spatially identified and health risks can be better quantified by evaluation of different land-use types. 相似文献
Sandy desertification is a land degradation characterized by wind erosion, mainly resulted from the excessive human activities in arid, semiarid and part of sub-humid regions in North China. It is one of main kinds of desertification/land degradation as well as water-soil erosion and salinization in China. Rapid and continuous spread of sandy desertification during last 50 years has created a major environmental and socio-economic problem in North China. Remote sensing monitored results in 2000 showed that the sandy desertified land area has been 38.57 × 104 km2. The area of potential to slightly sandy desertified land is 13.93 × 104 km2, moderately land 9.977 ×104 km2, severely land 7.909 × 104 k2 and very severely land 6.756 × 104 km2. Sandy desertification mainly occurs in the semi-arid mixed farming-grazing zone and its northern rangeland zone, semi-arid dryland rainfed cropping zone and arid oasis-desert margin zone. The average annually developmental rate of sandy desertified land increased from 2,100 km2 · a-1 in 1976–1988 to 3,600 km2 · a-1 in 1988–2000. The basic status of sandy desertification in North China is “overall deterioration, while local rehabilitation”. Already achieved rehabilitation results and monitoring assessment show that about 60% of desertified land in North China can be restored under the conditions of rational land-use ways and intensity.
