Spatial variability and temporal dynamics of surface water pCO₂, ��O₂/Ar and dimethylsulfide in the Ross Sea, Antarctica     

P.D. Tortell  C. Guéguen  M.C. Long  C.D. PayneP. Lee  G.R. DiTullio 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(3):241-259

We report results from two surveys of pCO₂, biological O₂ saturation (??O₂/Ar) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) in surface waters of the Ross Sea polynya. Measurements were made during early spring (November 2006-December 2006) and mid-summer (December 2005-January 2006) using ship-board membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) for high spatial resolution (i.e. sub-km) analysis. During the early spring survey, the polynya was in the initial stages of development and exhibited a rapid increase in open water area and phytoplankton biomass over the course of our ∼3 week occupation. We observed a rapid transition from a net heterotrophic ice-covered system (supersaturated pCO₂ and undersaturated O₂) to a high productivity regime associated with a Phaeocystis-dominated phytoplankton bloom. The timing of the early spring phytoplankton bloom was closely tied to increasing sea surface temperature across the polynya, as well as reduced wind speeds and ice cover, leading to enhanced vertical stratification. There was a strong correlation between pCO₂, ??O₂/Ar, DMS and chlorophyll a (Chl a) during the spring phytoplankton bloom, indicating a strong biological imprint on gas distributions. Box model calculations suggest that pCO₂ drawdown was largely attributable to net community production, while gas exchange and shoaling mixed layers also exerted a strong control on the re-equilibration of mixed layer ??₂ with the overlying atmosphere. DMS concentrations were closely coupled to Phaeocystis biomass across the early spring polynya, with maximum concentrations exceeding 100 nM.During the summer cruise, we sampled a large net autotrophic polynya, shortly after the seasonal peak in phytoplankton productivity. Both diatoms and Phaeocystis were abundant in the phytoplankton assemblages during this time. Minimum pCO₂ was less than 100 ppm, while ??O₂/Ar exceeded 30% in some regions. Mean DMS concentrations were ∼2-fold lower than during the spring, although the range of concentrations was similar between the two surveys. There was a significant correlation between pCO₂, ??O₂/Ar and Chl a across the summer polynya, but the strength of these correlations and the slope of O₂ vs. CO₂ relationship were significantly lower than during the early spring. Summertime DMS concentrations were not significantly correlated to phytoplankton biomass (Chl a), pCO₂ or ??O₂/Ar. In contrast to the early spring time, there were no clear temporal trends in summertime gas concentrations. Rather, small-scale spatial variability, likely resulting from mixing and localized sea-ice melt, was clearly evident in surface gas distributions across the polynya. Analysis of length-scale dependent variability demonstrated that much of the spatial variance in surface water gases occurred at scales of <20 km, suggesting that high resolution analysis is needed to fully capture biogeochemical heterogeneity in this system.  相似文献   

大洋海区海-气CO_2通量单参数遥感算法的适用性检验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王郝京 《台湾海峡》2011,30(2):286-291

利用卫星遥感技术的优势,基于LDEO数据库的全球海表二氧化碳分压（PCO2）及海表温度（SST）等实测数据,初步建立东太平洋海区PCO2与SST的单参数经验算法,并采用相同区域的独立实测数据检验.结果表明,单参数算法在寡营养大洋海区具有良好的适用性,反演值与实测值之间的均方根误差（RMS）为0.51 Pa（1 Pa=9.869μatm）,由此估算出2003年6月该海域CO2通量为-1.4 mmol/（m2.d）,与实测估算的碳通量基本相符,能够很好地反映出海区CO2源汇特征.将该遥感算法运用到西大西洋海域（15°~25°N,60°~75°W）,反演值与实测值之间均方根误差（RMS）为0.69 Pa.检验结果表明,在寡营养大洋海区,单参数遥感算法具有一定的适用性,在受相似因子调控的同纬度海区可以使用同一遥感算法.  相似文献   

秋季长江口北支表层海水pCO2变化特征     

郑旻辉  张海生  潘建明  于培松  刘小涯  张海娜  刘俊峰 《海洋学研究》2011,(3):57-62

根据2009年9月首次获得的长江口北支海水pCO2实测数据,结合温度、盐度等参数,对长江口北支海水pCO2时空分布、变化特征及其影响因素进行了研究.研究结果表明,长江口北支海水pCO2总体呈现出淡水端高,咸水端低的特点;在同等盐度条件下,长江口北支海水pCO2明显高于长江口南支;长江口北支南段海水pCO2与盐度之间有着...  相似文献   

1株分离自海水中芘降解菌的鉴定及其降解特性研究     

王静  邱金泉  张雨山  杨波  张晓青  苗英霞  张爱君  张辉 《海洋学研究》2011,29(1):49-55

以芘为唯一碳源,对采自于天津港石油污染区的海水和土壤样品进行富集培养,分离到1株芘降解菌,经显微形态观察、生理生化鉴定、16S rRNA基因序列的比对及系统发育进化的分析,确定该菌株为施氏假单孢菌Pseudomonas stutzeri,并采用室内培养方法,对其进行了芘降解性能的测定及降解途径的分析.结果表明,该菌株在...  相似文献   

不同Cd2+浓度与磷酸盐浓度交互作用对小球藻和微绿球藻生长及叶绿素荧光特性的影响     

王帅  梁英  姜伟 《海洋湖沼通报》2011,(1):50-62

本文研究了不同的Cd2+浓度与磷酸盐浓度交互作用对小球藻(Chlorella sp.)和微绿球藻(Nannochloris oculata)生长及叶绿素荧光特性的影响.三因子方差分析结果表明,Cd2+浓度、磷酸盐浓度、胁迫时间及三者的交互作用对小球藻和微绿球藻的叶绿素荧光特性、叶绿素相对含量以及细胞密度均具有显著影响(...  相似文献   

海图自动综合中二维平面图形知识的获取          下载免费PDF全文

朱颖  陆毅  李志炜  蒋红燕  刘晓红  宋海英 《海洋测绘》2011,31(5):75-78

为了保持综合过程的真实性,应当把更多的注意力放在数据的特性上,通过对海图中常见的点、线、面的二维平面图形知识进行分析,可以在电子海图的自动综合过程中,把要素自身的图形特征和地理特征在图形简化时同时考虑,并保持综合过程的真实性.  相似文献   

Enhancing Effect of Fe2＋ on the Formaldehyde Production from Trimethylamine N-oxide Decomposition Catalyzed by the Extract ofHarpadon nehereus Kidney     

SUN Yong  ZHOU Deqing  ZHAO Feng 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,(1):67-72

  相似文献   

Numerical study on the bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current     

Yulong Liu  Qi Wang  Jun Song  Xiande Zhu  Xiaoqing Gong  Fang Wu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,10(4):305-313

A 1.5-layer reduced-gravity model forced by wind stress is used to study the bifurcations of the North Equatorial Current(NEC).The authors found that after removing the Ekman drift,the modelled circulations can serve well as a proxy of the SODA circulations on the σθ=25.0 kg m～-3 potential density surface based on available long-term reanalysis wind stress data.The modelled results show that the location of the western boundary bifurcation of the NEC depends on both zonal averaged and local zero wind stress curl latitude.The effects of the anomalous wind stress curl added in different areas are also investigated and it is found that they can change the strength of the Mindanao Eddy(ME),and then influence the interior pathway.  相似文献   

孤岛油田南区馆1+2砂层组细分对比标志特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

乐大发  陈清华  张福利 《地球科学与环境学报》2011,33(1):84-88

基于沉积学和储层地质学理论,以孤岛油田南区馆1+2砂层组高弯曲流河沉积为例,充分利用密井网条件下的测井资料,研究储层细分对比中的标志类型、特征、分布及其应用。首先,介绍了馆1+2砂层组的测井响应、地震反射等宏观特征;接着,利用感应电导率曲线、自然电位曲线的响应特征寻找细分对比标志;然后,将选取的标志联合使用得到孤岛油田南区馆1+2砂层组的顶面构造图。结果表明:研究区缺少全区性标志,但存在局部性标志;局部性标志有泥岩类、砂岩类、"钙质尖"类、砂泥组合类等4类;泥岩类标志表现出高感应电导率特点,砂岩类标志表现为低电阻率,自然电位曲线呈"箱形"或小型的"钟形","钙质尖"类标志表现为高电阻、高微电阻、低声波时差,低自然电位值的尖锋,砂泥组合类标志表现为感应曲线特征的可对比性强;泥岩类和砂岩类标志分布面积较大,呈局部连片状;"钙质尖"类和砂泥组合类标志分布面积较小,呈条带状;上述4类标志在平面上的叠合分布完全覆盖研究区。总之,充分利用好局部性标志,同样能够很好地进行类似地区的储层细分对比。  相似文献   

河南省环境污染的区域差异研究     

王丽萍 《地域研究与开发》2011,30(6):74-78

从"十一五"期间河南省各地区主要污染物排放的实际情况来看,各地区降污减排效果差距明显,环境污染的区域差异问题越来越成为影响河南省和谐社会建设和工业化进程的重要障碍。主要选取了极差、加权变异系数和锡尔熵3个指标,对河南省2006—2009年间的主要污染物排放情况进行了地区差异度分析,旨在为政府制定更加合理的节能指标和部署减排任务提供科学的决策参考。  相似文献