植被动力学模式中物候方案的研究进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

田东晓  曾晓东 《气候与环境研究》2015,20(6):726-734

植物物候是指植物生长过程中呈现出的季节性现象,一般与植物所处的气候与环境变化密切相关。植被动力学模式研究的物候主要表现为叶面积指数变化,直接影响陆气间的碳通量与水热交换,同时影响物种间的竞争,从而间接地影响生态系统的结构组成。按照建模方法的差别,目前模式中使用的物候方案可分为使用卫星观测资料的物候方案、基于物候——气候关系的统计模型和基于叶碳平衡(周转)的动力学模型三大类。将植物物候分为物候期的触发和物候期叶片的发育过程两部分,分别对国际上广泛使用的八种全球植被动力学模式进行分类描述,对比其优缺点。最后探讨了植被动力学模式中物候方案的进一步发展方向。  相似文献   

基于植被状态指数的云南省农业干旱状况时空分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吕潇然  尹晓天  宫阿都  王前锋  李静  张慧 《地球信息科学学报》2016,18(12):1634-1644

本文首先计算了云南省2004-2013年农业干旱指数VCI,然后使用Pearson相关系数评价降水与VCI的相关性,基于VCI识别云南省2004-2013年农业干旱事件,最后,与SPEI气象干旱识别结果进行对比分析,在VCI农业干旱识别的基础上,使用干旱频率和干旱面积占比指标分析了云南省2004-2013年农业干旱时空特征。结果表明：降水只是影响VCI指数的关键因素之一;VCI和SPEI指数均能够较好对干旱进行监测并识别典型干旱,但两者的识别结果存在差异;云南省农业干旱频率在春冬两季较高,夏季较低,秋季介于夏季和春冬季之间;春夏冬三季农业干旱频率空间分布较为均匀,秋季农业干旱频率呈南低北高的分布态势,整体上北部干旱频率高于南部;2004-2013年云南省整体干旱面积占比呈现先减小后增加再波动的趋势,春冬两季整体干旱面积占比最高,分别为46.63%和47.18%,呈现下降趋势,夏季整体干旱面积占比最低,为43.81%,呈现上升趋势,秋季整体干旱面积占比介于冬春季和夏季之间,为45.74%,呈现下降趋势。总之,云南省农业干旱春冬易发性最高,影响范围最大,夏季易发性最低,影响范围最小。  相似文献   

Modeling the effects of historical vegetation change on near-surface atmosphere in the northern Chihuahuan Desert     

Adriana Beltrn-Przekurat  Roger A. Pielke Sr.  Debra P.C. Peters  Keirith A. Snyder  Albert Rango 《Journal of Arid Environments》2008,72(10):1897-1910

Our goal was to evaluate effects of broad-scale changes in vegetation from grasslands to shrublands over the past 150 years on near-surface atmosphere over the Jornada Experimental Range in the northern Chihuahuan Desert, using a regional climate model. Simulations were conducted using 1858 and 1998 vegetation maps, and data collected in the field. Overall, the vegetation shift led to small changes in sensible heat (SH) and an increase in latent heat (LH). The impacts of shrub encroachment depended on shrubland type: conversion from grass to mesquite cools the near-surface atmosphere and from grass to creosotebush warms it. Higher albedo of mesquite relative to grasses reduced available energy, which was dissipated mainly as LH due to the deeper root system in mesquite. In creosotebush-dominated areas, a decrease in albedo, an increase in roughness length and displacement height contributed to the SH increase and warmer temperatures. Sensitivity simulations showed that an increase in soil moisture content enhanced shrub LH and a reduction in mesquite cover enhanced the temperature differences. The observed shift in vegetation led to complex interactions between land and surface fluxes, demonstrating that vegetation itself is a weather and climate variable as it significantly influences temperature and humidity.  相似文献   

Vegetation cycles in a disturbed sequence around the Cobb-Mountain subchron in Catalonia (Spain)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Suzanne A. G. Leroy 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2008,40(3):851-868

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Vegetation greenness modeling in response to climate change for Northeast Thailand   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Watinee Thavorntam  Netnapid Tantemsapya 《地理学报(英文版)》2013,23(6):1052-1068

In Northeast Thailand, the climate change has resulted in erratic rainfall and tem- perature patterns. The region has experienced both periods of drought and seasonal floods with the increasing severity. This study investigated the seasonal variation of vegetation greenness based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） in major land cover types in the region. An assessment of the relationship between climate patterns and vegeta- tion conditions observed from NDVI was made. NDVI data were collected from year 2001 to 2009 using multi-temporal Terra MODIS Vegetation Indices Product （MOD13Q1）. NDVI pro- files were developed to measure vegetation dynamics and variation according to land cover types. Meteorological information, i.e. rainfall and temperature, for a 30 year time span from 1980 to 2009 was analyzed for their patterns. Furthermore, the data taken from the period of 2001-2009, were digitally encoded into GIS database and the spatial patterns of monthly rainfall and temperature maps were generated based on kriging technique. The results showed a decreasing trend in NDVI values for both deciduous and evergreen forests. The highest productivity and biomass were observed in dry evergreen forests and the lowest in paddy fields. Temperature was found to be increasing slightly from 1980 to 2009 while no significant trends in rainfall amounts were observed. In dry evergreen forest, NDVI was not correlated with rainfall but was significant negatively correlated with temperature. These re- sults indicated that the overall productivity in dry evergreen forest was affected by increasing temperatures. A vegetation greenness model was developed from correlations between NDVI and meteorological data using linear regression. The model could be used to observe the change in vegetation greenness and dynamics affected by temperature and rainfall.  相似文献   

遥感影像时—空融合的“点”—“线”—“面”质量评价     

雷晨阳  孟祥超  邵枫 《遥感学报》2021,25(3):791-802

遥感影像时—空融合可集成多源数据高空间分辨率和高时间分辨率互补优势,生成时间连续的高空间分辨率影像,在遥感影像的动态监测与时序分析等方面具有重要应用价值。然而,现有多数研究往往基于单一数据产品对时—空融合算法进行评价,而在实际生产应用中,需要验证算法在多种遥感产品数据的融合表现;此外,目前研究大多基于"单点时刻"进行评价,忽略了时—空融合在"时间线"上的有效验证。本文提出遥感影像时—空融合的"点"—"线"—"面"多角度综合质量评价策略,基于Landsat TM和MODIS影像,建立了时—空融合系列数据集,包括地表反射率、植被指数和地表温度,并在此基础上从单时相("点")、时间序列("线")、多种数据产品("面")多个角度对4种典型融合算法进行定性和定量的综合评价。结果表明,基于不同产品类型的数据集更能充分验证算法性能,且结合单点时刻和时间序列的评价更加客观。  相似文献   

Effects of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on the application of vetiver grass mulch in soil and water conservation   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Somchai DONJADEE  Chaiyuth CHINNARASRI 《国际泥沙研究》2012,27(2):168-177

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on the performance ofvetiver grass mulch (VGM) in soil and water conservation.The study involved field ...  相似文献   

Soil Seed Banks and Forest Succession Direction Reflect Soil Quality in Ziwuling Mountain,Loess Plateau,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jimin Cheng  Jie Cheng  Hongbo Shao  Lingping Zhao  Xiaomei Yang 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2012,40(2):140-147

The paper presents a study by taking the soil seed banks and vegetation successions of the forests in Ziwuling Mountain as indicators to analyze the effects of the ages, and the litter layers and soil depths at growing locations in seven types of forest communities on their seed bank formations and soil quality. The results showed that the seed banks at different growing locations in the communities increased in the order of upper slope, middle slope, and lower slope; the seed storages of the seed banks in the different layers of the communities varied, much more higher in the litter layers than in 0–15 cm, and the seed storages of the seed banks in the seven types of forest communities ranked in the increasing order of Pinus tabulaeformis forest, Pinus shenkaneusis forest, Quercus liaotungensis forest, Populus davidiana forest, Betula platyphylla forest, scrub communities, and grassland communities; in the meantime, the seed storage of seed banks peaked in 30–50 years old P. shenkaneusis forest, 30–40 years old P. tabulaeformis forest, 15–30 years old Q. liaotungensis, and P. davidiana and B. platyphylla forests, and 10–15 years old scrub and grassland communities, and the ages of the communities varied with the seed storages of the seed banks in a significantly correlative manner following a fitted exponential equation. In addition, the soil seed banks of the seven types of communities consisted of rich and diverse species with the herbaceous and shrub species greatly outnumbering the arbor species; in general, the coniferous forests were composed of 31 kinds of plants, the deciduous and broadleaf forests consisted of 20–29 plant species, the shrubs contained 27 plant species, and the herbaceous plants numbered 20 plant species; The various species compositions contained only 4–6 arbor species with most being foreign species. In each of the compositions, Bothriochloa ischemum was the grassland plant with the highest occurrence frequency, Sophora viciifolia and Hippophae reamnoides were the shrub plants with the highest occurrence frequencies, and Q. liaotungensis was the arbor plant with the highest occurrence frequency, and they followed by P. shenkaneusis and P. tabulaeformis. These results showed that soil seed banks and forest successions are better indicators for soil quality from natural successions.  相似文献   

江苏南京市城市湿地滨水空间特点研究     

刘海音  张明娟 《湿地科学与管理》2009,5(3):47-49

城市湿地是近年湿地景观研究的热门话题。南京市地处长江下游,市内河湖众多。以南京主要城市湿地如玄武湖、秦淮河等的滨水空间为研究对象,分析其护岸、植物构图等方面的特征,以期探索出更为科学合理的滨水空间模式,为南京及其它城市的城市湿地滨水空间规划建设提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

Reply to comments on “Flow resistance of one-line emergent vegetation along the floodplain edge of a compound open channel” by Xin Sun,Koji Shiono [Adv. Water Resour. 32(2009), 430–438]     

X. Sun  K. Shiono 《Advances in water resources》2010

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