山东荣成天鹅湖大叶藻形态和生长的季节性变化研究     

李勇  李文涛  聂猛  张秀梅 《海洋科学》2014,38(9):39-46

2012年8月至2013年7月,作者逐月对天鹅湖大叶藻(Zostera marina L.)的形态特征、植株密度、生物量和生产力进行了监测。结果表明,大叶藻周年株高最高值和最低值分别出现在7月和1月;叶鞘高度、叶鞘宽度和叶宽的最高值均出现在7月,叶鞘高度最低值出现在1月,叶鞘宽度和叶宽最低值均出现在2月;大叶藻顶枝、侧枝和花枝的周年密度最大值分别出现在6月、4月和5月,最小值分别出现在1月、8月和7月;单株生物量和地上部分生物量最大值均出现在7月,地下部分出现在10月,而单株生物量和地上部分生物量最小值均出现在1月,地下部分生物量最小值出现在3月;单株地上和地下生产力最大值均出现在6月,最小值则分别出现在1月和2月。分析显示,大叶藻在冬季由于水温较低导致生长缓慢,且植株较小,在春季随水温上升,生长开始加快。水温在夏初达到大叶藻的最适生长水温,大叶藻的生物量和初级生产力达到最高值,而夏末和初秋由于水温过高导致大叶藻个体生物量、密度和初级生产力开始降低。这种季节性变化与水温的季节性变化密切相关。  相似文献   

Measurements of net all-wave radiation at a tropical location,Ile-Ife,Nigeria     

《Atmósfera》2014,27(3):305-315

Hourly averaged net all-wave radiation data spanning a complete three-year period (2010-2012) at a meteorological station located inside the Obafemi Awolowo University campus in Ile-Ife (7.52° N, 4.52° E), Nigeria is presented in this study to investigate its diurnal and seasonal variations. Using a high-sensitivity four-component net radiometer, the data represents so far the most consistent and detailed information available for a tropical location in West Africa. From the dataset, hourly maxima of the net radiation occurred at 14:00 LT (GMT + 1), whose values increased considerably from 337.6 ± 146.4 Wm⁻² in July, which is the peak of the wet season, to 441.7 ± 82.4 Wm⁻² in March, the end of the dry season. April and October, both of which mark the beginning and end of the raining season at Ile-Ife have recorded the highest values of 584.7 and 612.2 Wm⁻², respectively. There was strong intra/inter-seasonal variation observed in the monthly mean values of the net radiation due mainly to the fluctuations in cloudiness and humidity. In the study area, the data indicated a net radiative heating taking place at the surface, whose annual trend follows a bimodal distribution. The present data supports the results published in earlier studies by other authors.  相似文献   

近61 a黄河流域霜冻日期时空分异特征及影响因素          下载免费PDF全文

张志高  徐晓曼  郭超凡  蔡茂堂  袁征  张明哲 《干旱区地理》2022,45(6):1685-1694

深入研究黄河流域霜冻演变规律,可为科学防范霜冻危害,促进气候资源合理开发利用提供依据。基于1960—2020年黄河流域83个气象站点统计资料,采用Mann-Kendall突变检验、Morlet小波分析和相关分析等方法,对黄河流域霜冻日期时空变化特征及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明：（1） 1960—2020年黄河流域平均初霜日期为10月8日,终霜日期为4月30日,平均无霜期161 d。61 a来初霜日以2.51 d·(10a)^-1的速率推迟、终霜日以-2.07 d·(10a)^-1的速率提前,无霜期以4.48 d·(10a)^-1的速率显著延长。20世纪70年代初霜日最早,终霜日最晚,无霜期最短,21世纪10年代初霜日最晚,终霜日最早,无霜期最长。（2） 小波分析表明,黄河流域初、终霜日和无霜期均存在28 a左右的主周期变化。初霜日于2002年发生突变,终霜日于2000年突变,无霜期突变发生于2001年。（3） 从空间分布来看,由上游、中游到下游地区初霜日逐渐延迟,终霜日逐渐提前,无霜期日数逐渐延长。初霜日在流域各地均呈推迟趋势,终霜日仅在西南部合作、久治站呈推迟趋势,无霜期在各地均呈延长趋势,下游地区初霜日和无霜期变化幅度最大。（4） 黄河流域初、终霜日和无霜期主要受海拔高度和日平均气温的影响。  相似文献   

横断山脉地区霜冻时空分布变化特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王炳赟  ;范广洲  ;魏鸣  ;华维  ;赵衍斌 《四川气象》2014,(2):17-21

以小于等于0℃的地面气温作为霜冻的指标,利用1961～2007年横断山脉27个气象监测站逐日温度资料分析了横断山脉初、终霜期和无霜期的变化特征.结果表明,该地区平均初霜期以1.09d/10a气候倾向率推迟,终霜期以4.02d/10a的气候倾向率提早,无霜期以4.08d/10a的气候倾向率延长,存在较明显的地域差异.从年代际变化来看,自20世纪90年代开始,初霜冻日期20世纪90年代明显推迟,终霜冻日期明显提早,无霜冻期明显延长。  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal patterns in the hyperbenthic community structure in a warm temperate southern African permanently open estuary     

Elodie Heyns  William Froneman 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

The spatial and temporal patterns in the hyperbenthic community structure (>500 μm) in the warm temperate, permanently open Kariega Estuary situated along the south-eastern coastline of South Africa was investigated monthly over a period of twelve months. Data were collected using a modified hyperbenthic sledge at six stations along the length of the estuary. Physico-chemical data indicate the presence of a constant reverse salinity gradient, with highest salinities measured in the upper reaches and lowest at the mouth of the estuary. Strong seasonal patterns in temperature, dissolved oxygen and total chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration were evident. Total average hyperbenthic densities ranged between 0.4 and 166 ind.m⁻³ in the lower net and between 0.2 and 225 ind.m⁻³ in the upper net. Hyperbenthic biomass values ranged between 0.02 and 11.9 mg.dry weight.m⁻³ in the lower net and between 0.02 and 17.4 mg.dry weight.m⁻³ in the upper net. Both the lower and upper nets were numerically dominated by decapods (mainly brachyuran crab zoea) with the exception of June and July 2008 when mysids (mainly Mesopodopsis wooldridgei) dominated, comprising up to 72.4 ± 58.14% of the total abundance in the lower net. A redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that 99.2% of the variance in the hyperbenthic community structure could be explained by the first two canonical axes. Axis one, which accounted for 96.8% of the total variation detected in the ordination plot was highly correlated with sedimentary organic content and to a lesser extent the chl-a concentration within the Kariega Estuary. The correlations with the second canonical axis (2.4%) were less obvious, however, salinity and seston concentration were weakly correlated with this axis.  相似文献   

初夏至盛夏东亚副热带西风急流变化与江淮出梅的关系          下载免费PDF全文

董丽娜  郭品文  张福颖   《大气科学学报》2010,33(1):74-81

利用1961—2005年逐候资料对东亚副热带西风急流初夏至盛夏变化与江淮出梅的关系进行了分析。结果表明,多年平均7月初夏至盛夏急流中心由西太平洋地区西跳至青藏高原的同时我国东部地区急流北跳至37.5°N以北,比梅雨结束早1候;急流北跳使得我国东部高空强辐散中心北移至华北地区,江淮地区上空辐散显著减弱,上升运动减弱,从而使得江淮梅雨结束,雨带北移;而急流中心的西跳仅使得我国东部地区高空辐散中心减弱,降水减弱,有利于雨带北移。我国东部急流北跳与江淮地区梅雨结束时间显著正相关,在北跳偏早(晚)年份梅雨结束早(晚),长江中下游地区降水偏少(多),而急流中心西跳早晚对我国华北北部地区和淮河附近地区降水有较大影响。可见,我国东部急流北跳与梅雨结束关系密切,可作为梅雨结束的先期信号。  相似文献   

Eclipsing Binaries Showing Light–Time Effect     

Petr Zasche 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,296(1-4):127-130

Four eclipsing binaries, which show apparent changes of period, have been studied with respect to a possible presence of the light–time effect. With a least squares method we calculated new light elements of these systems, the mass function of the predicted third body, and its minimum mass. We discuss the probability of the presence of such bodies in terms of mass function, changes in radial velocity and third light in solution of light curves.  相似文献   

大洋调查中海山地磁测量的静日变化校正方法   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘保华  刘晨光  裴彦良  阚光明 《海洋学报》2008,30(6):94-98

针对大洋调查中海山地磁测量时难以设立静日变化观测站的问题,提出了一种基于多项式拟合最小二乘算法的日变校正方法,即假设静日变化磁场可以用一个关于时间的高阶多项式来拟合,利用主测线和联络测线交点误差的最小二乘估计求得多项式的系数,从而得到静日变化曲线。从调查测得的磁场中减掉静日变化磁场即可得消除静日变化影响后的海山地磁异常。理论模型和实际资料处理都表明,这种方法不仅可以较好地消除静日变化的影响,而且用计算机实现也简单。为了提高静日变化校正结果,讨论了为提高静日变化校正效果,在大洋调查中测量海山地磁时应注意的几个问题。  相似文献   

广利港河道水位变化及河口拦门沙地形变化分析研究     

林维田  吴永亭  刘建立 《海岸工程》2008,27(3):9-14

根据1984年和2007年两次对广利港航道水深测量的结果，分析研究了广利港航道内的水位变化规律，以及河口拦门沙的地形特征。结果表明广利港航道内水位变化复杂，拦门沙形态改变，水深变浅，原有的航道已经消失。  相似文献   

Inter-annual variability in phytoplankton summer blooms in the freshwater tidal reaches of the Schelde estuary (Belgium)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Marie Lionard  Koenraad Muylaert  Abdel Hanoutti  Tom Maris  Michle Tackx  Wim Vyverman 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,79(4):694-700

The inter-annual variability in phytoplankton summer blooms in the upper reaches of the Schelde estuary was investigated between 1996 and 2005 by monthly sampling at 10 stations. The large inter-annual variations of the chlorophyll a concentration in the freshwater tidal reaches were independent from variations in chlorophyll a in the tributary river Schelde. Summer mean chlorophyll a concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with flushing rate (Spearman correlation: r = −0.67, p = 0.05, n = 9) but not with temperature, irradiance and suspended particulate matter or dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations. During dry summers, low flushing rates permitted the development of dense phytoplankton populations in the upper part of the estuary, while during wet summers high flushing rates prevented the development of dense phytoplankton blooms. Flushing rate was also found to be important for the phytoplankton community composition. At low flushing rates, the community was dominated by diatoms that developed within the upper estuary. At high flushing rates, chlorophytes imported from the tributary river Schelde became more important in the phytoplankton community. The position of the chlorophyll a maximum shifted from the head of the estuary when flushing rates were low, to more downstream when flushing rates were high. Although DSi concentrations tended to be lower during years of high phytoplankton (mainly diatom) biomass, the relation with flushing rate was not significant.  相似文献