西准噶尔晚石炭世哈拉阿拉特山组烃源岩发育沉积环境与有机质富集因素分析          下载免费PDF全文

陶辉飞 邱振吉鸿杰  邱军利 《地质科学》2017,(1):79-92

准噶尔盆地西北缘哈拉阿拉特山地区发育一套晚石炭世哈拉阿拉特山组灰黑色泥岩层系,是该地区石炭系油气藏的主要烃源岩之一,但到目前为止,对该套烃源岩发育的沉积环境和有机质富集因素的认识尚不清楚。本文基于西准噶尔哈拉阿拉特山地区晚石炭世哈拉阿拉特山组乌和公路剖面,进行了详细的沉积学和岩石学研究,系统采集了17件新鲜泥岩样品,并开展了有机碳含量、主量元素和微量元素实验分析。通过综合分析野外调查结果和室内实验数据,得到如下几点认识：1）哈拉阿拉特山组泥岩发育在深海-半深海的沉积环境中,受浊流沉积频发的影响,底层水体一直处于富氧-缺氧的动荡变化过程之中;2）低V/Cr和U/Th比值,以及低V和U元素含量,指示了泥岩总体上形成于偏氧化的沉积环境;3）高的P和Ni元素含量,反映了当时水体具有较高的古生产力;4）在较高古生产力背景下,哈拉阿拉特山组泥岩有机质丰度（TOC平均为0.49%）偏低,原因是偏氧化的保存条件。因此,可以认为哈拉阿拉特山组泥岩有机质质富集主要受控于沉积水体的保存（氧化还原）条件。  相似文献   

桐湾运动对四川盆地震旦系灯影组岩溶储层形成的控制作用          下载免费PDF全文

谢武仁 杨 威魏国齐  曾富英金 惠施振生  武赛军 《地质科学》2017,(1):254-269

基于四川盆地震旦系灯影组16口井岩心和11条露头剖面的观察,结合128个碳氧同位素数据的系统分析,研究了震旦系灯影组储层特征、探讨了灯影组储层发育与桐湾期三幕构造运动的关系,预测了其优质储层分布区域。结果表明：1）四川盆地震旦系为典型的镶边碳酸盐岩台地沉积体系,围绕绵竹-长宁裂陷两侧发育大型的台缘丘滩体,岩石类型以泥粉晶白云岩、藻砂屑白云岩、层纹石白云岩、凝块石白云岩和雪花状白云岩为主;2）受桐湾期三幕构造运动和海平面频繁升降变化的影响,形成了灯二段和灯四段两套风化壳岩溶储层,储层以低孔低渗为特征,溶蚀孔洞发育,为裂缝-孔洞型储层;3）灯二段和灯四段两套储层横向上分布较稳定,纵向上互相叠置,大面积分布;优质储层主要分布在台地边缘相带,主要集中在高石梯、磨溪、荷包场、威远、资阳、蓬莱等地区。  相似文献   

古构造、古气候和古基准面对三角洲前缘砂体类型的控制——以四川盆地上三叠统为例          下载免费PDF全文

施振生　邱　振董大忠  张晨晨谢武仁　郝翠果 《地质科学》2017,(1):270-284

古构造、古气候和古基准面控制着盆地活动性质、供源体系和沉积物粒度等,从而控制着三角洲前缘砂体的类型及分布。通过全盆地123口井的岩心（共4 600 m）、26条露头和1 078口单井的系统分析,发现四川盆地上三叠统三角洲相砂体可细分为扇三角洲砂体、辫状河三角洲砂体和曲流河三角洲砂体3类。古构造、古气候和古基准面控制三角洲前缘砂体类型。古构造包括盆地古地形、盆地结构和构造活动特征。平坦古地形造成滨岸带宽度和底形摩擦力增大,从而滨岸带水体能量降低,三角洲前缘河道砂体发育。盆地结构控制着物源供给、地形坡降和水流性质,从而控制三角洲前缘砂体类型和分布。幕式运动造成构造平静期和活跃期交替,物源性质和地形坡降也随之改变,使三角洲前缘不同砂体交互出现。古气候变化造成季风性质和植被性质差异,季风盛行的干燥时期水体能量高,三角洲前缘水下分支河道砂体改造强烈,滩坝砂体大面积发育;季风不盛行的潮湿期水体能量低,物源供给较小,三角洲前缘砂体易于保存,河道砂体发育。基准面下降期,盆地水体收缩,三角洲砂体向盆地推进,河道砂体发育;基准面上升期,盆地水体改造能力强,三角洲前缘滩坝砂体发育。  相似文献   

吉木萨尔凹陷二叠统芦草沟组地层与沉积环境特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

邱振姜琳  陶辉飞 《地质科学》2017,(3):964-979

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组是我国近些年致密油气勘探开发的热点地区之一。本文利用岩心、岩石薄片、测井和地震等资料,在识别和分析芦草沟组主要岩石类型的基础上,对芦草沟组的沉积演化特征、层序地层格架和沉积环境的变迁等方面进行了综合研究。研究表明,芦草沟组岩性主要为碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩两个大类,其中碎屑岩以泥页岩和粉（细）砂岩为主,碳酸盐岩主要为白云岩和灰岩。沉积特征表现为：下部（F 段）、中部（C+D段）和上部（A 段）的泥页岩层段,发育于湖进时期的深湖至半深湖相沉积,为烃源岩层段;下部致密储集层段（E 段）和上部致密储集层段（B 段）,发育于湖退期的浅湖相、三角洲前缘相沉积。由于后期的构造隆升,芦草沟组的沉积环境由早期的开阔湖盆逐渐向后期封闭的局限湖盆转变,沉积水体也逐渐向咸化和还原环境转变。  相似文献   

Geochemical characteristics of gases from the largest tight sand gas field (Sulige) and shale gas field (Fuling) in China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

This study performed a detailed geochemical analyses of the components, stable carbon isotopes of alkane gas and CO₂, stable hydrogen isotopes of alkane gas and helium isotopes of reproducing gas from the largest tight gas field (Sulige) and shale gas (Fuling) field in China. The comparative study shows that tight gas from the Sulige gas field in the Ordos Basin is of coal-derived origin, which is characterized by a positive carbon and hydrogen isotopic distribution pattern (δ¹³C₁ > δ¹³C₂ > δ¹³C₃ > δ¹³C₄; δ²H₁ > δ²H₂ > δ²H₃), i.e., the carbon and hydrogen isotopes increase with increasing carbon numbers. Carbon dioxide from this field are of biogenic origin and the helium is crust-derived. Shale gas from the Fuling shale gas field belongs to oil-derived gas which has complete carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversal of secondary alteration origin (δ¹³C₁ < δ¹³C₂ < δ¹³C₃; δ²H₁ < δ²H₂ < δ²H₃), i.e., the carbon and hydrogen isotopes decrease with increasing carbon numbers. Such complete isotopic reversal distribution pattern is due to the secondary alteration like oil or gas cracking, diffusion and so on under high temperature. In that case, positive carbon or hydrogen isotopic distribution pattern will change into complete isotopic reversal as the temperature increases. Carbon dioxide is of abiogenic origin resulting from the thermal metamorphism of carbonates and helium is crust-derived.  相似文献   

Enrichment and distribution of shale oil in the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation,Songliao Basin,Northeast China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

The Songliao Basin is a large-scale petroliferous basin in China. With a gradual decline in conventional oil production, the exploration and development of replacement resources in the basin is becoming increasingly important. Previous studies have shown that the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation (K₂qn) has favorable geological conditions for the formation of shale oil. Thus, shale oil in the Qingshankou Formation represents a promising and practical replacement resource for conventional oil. In this study, geological field surveys, core observation, sample tests, and the analysis of well logs were applied to study the geochemical and reservoir characteristics of shales, identify shale oil beds, build shale oil enrichment models, and classify favorable exploration areas of shale oil from the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation. The organic matter content is high in shales from the first member of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation (K₂qn¹), with average total organic carbon (TOC) content exceeding 2%. The organic matter is mainly derived from lower aquatic organisms in a reducing brackish to fresh water environment, resulting in mostly type I kerogen. The vitrinite reflectance (Ro) and the temperature at which the maximum is release of hydrocarbons from cracking of kerogen occurred during pyrolysis (T_max) respectively range from 0.5% to 1.1% and from 430 °C to 450 °C, indicating that the K₂qn¹ shales are in the low-mature to mature stage (Ro ranges from 0.5% to 1.2%) and currently generating a large amount of oil. The favorable depth for oil generation and expulsion is 1800–2200 m and 1900–2500 m, respectively as determined by basin modeling. The reserving space of the K₂qn¹ shale oil includes micropores and mircofractures. The micropore reservoirs are developed in shales interbedded with siltstones exhibiting high gamma ray (GR), high resistivity (Rt), low density (DEN), and slightly abnormal spontaneous potential (SP) in the well-logging curves. The microfracture reservoirs are mainly thick shales with high Rt, high AC (acoustic transit time), high GR, low DEN, and abnormal SP. Based on the shale distribution, geochemical characteristics, reservoir types, fracture development, and the process of shale oil generation and enrichment, the southern Taikang and northern Da'an are classified as two favorable shale oil exploration areas in the Songliao Basin.  相似文献   

The origin and formation of CO₂ gas pools in Songliao Basin,China     

Fenjin Sun  Guihao JiaoXia Luo  Zhehui ZhaoFuying Zeng 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2009

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东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷新生代反转构造样式及其形成机制初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

刘卫红  林畅松  郭泽清  刘景彦  薄冬梅  宋小勇 《地质科学》2009,44(1):74-87

通过对东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷十多条地震剖面的精细解释,发现西湖凹陷自晚白垩世以来,经历了早期的拉张和晚期的断续挤压两个构造演化阶段.晚期的断续挤压在凹陷内产生构造反转的样式复杂多样,可划分为上下均正型、下正上逆型、下凹上凸型、上下均凸型、下正上隆型和下隆上逆型等6种单个的反转构造样式及y形、帚状、"似花状"等7种反转构造组合样式.对反转断层生长指数（G_i）并结合平衡剖面的研究,表明西湖凹陷新生代经历了多期构造反转.通过计算反转率（R_i）,发现凹陷内反转程度存在明显的不均一性,具有中带强和东、西弱的特征.结合晚白垩世以来东亚大陆边缘的区域构造演化及新生代以来太平洋板块相对欧亚板块的俯冲速度讨论了西湖凹陷构造反转的机制,并探讨了它对油气勘探的意义.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界层序地层划分及演化   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张满郎  李熙喆  谷江锐  谢武仁 《沉积学报》2009,27(2):289-298

利用露头、岩心、钻测井、地震资料,进行层序界面识别,建立鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界的层序地层格架,将其划分为5个二级层序、19个三级层序,并分析了层序的体系域构成及其基本特征。二级层序对应于特定的构造—沉积演化阶段:SS1—裂陷海湾与局限海共存阶段;SS2—统一陆表海阶段;SS3—近海平原沼泽、三角洲阶段;SS4—近海湖盆沉积阶段;SS5—内陆红色碎屑岩沉积阶段。建立了三种层序格架中的沉积砂体发育模式（包括太原组的海陆交互相潮坪—三角洲模式,山西组的近海平原沼泽—三角洲模式、下石盒子组的辫状河—辫状三角洲模式）,并对层序格架中的主要砂体类型及分布进行分析预测。  相似文献   

致密气储层孔喉分形特征及其与渗流的关系--以鄂尔多斯盆地下石盒子组盒8段为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴浩  刘锐娥  纪友亮  张春林  陈胜  周勇  杜威  张云钊  王晔 《沉积学报》2017,35(1):151-162

选取鄂尔多斯盆地盒8段16块致密砂岩样品进行恒速压汞测试,结合同位样品核磁共振实验,分析了致密气储层孔喉分布特征;在此基础上,运用分形几何原理和方法,开展了致密气储层孔喉分形研究,并表征了分形与储层渗流特征和孔隙结构参数的关系。结果表明:致密气储层有效孔隙被亚微米-微米级孔喉所控制,其中孔隙主要为大孔和中孔,喉道由微喉道、微细喉道和细喉道所组成;致密气储层孔隙分布不具分形特征,而孔喉整体和喉道则符合分形结构,且分别对应分形维数D₁和D₂;基于储层孔喉分形结构与其渗流特征,将盒8段致密气储层孔喉分形结构划分为2种类型:Ⅰ型表现为阶段式分形特征,以进汞压力1 MPa为界,大于1 MPa孔喉具有分形特征,且储层阶段进汞饱和度主要由喉道贡献,反之,孔喉不符合分形特征,其进汞饱和度增量由孔隙贡献;Ⅱ型为整体式分形,进汞饱和度几乎全由喉道贡献。储层孔喉分形维数与渗透率、平均喉道半径和主流喉道半径存在较好的负相关性,与微观非均质系数呈现较明显的正相关性,而与孔隙度、平均孔隙半径和平均孔喉半径比之间没有明显的相关性。  相似文献