天津地区养殖鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)鲤浮肿病毒(CEV)PCR检测与人工感染试验     

刘群  韩进刚  王菁  张丹  霍文慧  陈浩楠  耿绪云  孙金生 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(3):638-645

对2015—2016年天津地区鲤鱼养殖场采集的发生鲤浮肿病毒(CEV)/锦鲤睡眠病(KSD)的鲤鱼样品,进行套式PCR检测和人工浸泡感染试验,并测定养成期鲤鱼感染率。实验观察研究发现,所采集样品均表现为体色发黑,头部上方颅骨软组织周围皱缩,眼球凹陷,鳃粘脏,黏液较多,常滞游于浅水区水面。套式PCR检测结果显示全部10个样品均出现特异性目的条带,为CEV阳性。目的产物测序后经NCBI BLAST,与已报道的CEV相关序列相似性介于85%—99%;系统发育树分析显示样品编号JY1856与JY1650位于同一分支,与已知CEV病毒株亲缘关系较近,而其余8个样品位于同一分支,与已知CEV病毒株亲缘关系较远。通过人工浸泡感染健康鲤鱼,半数致死时间为55d,累计死亡率为71.1%±3.2%,并从试验感染鱼组织中检测到CEV病毒DNA。养成期鲤鱼CEV携带率为77.5%。以上结果表明,天津地区养殖鲤鱼中存在CEV感染,揭示了我国鲤鱼养殖产业可能面临新的疫情,需引起养殖业的高度重视。  相似文献   

蛰龙介亚目分类学与系统发育研究概况     

隋吉星  李新正 《海洋科学》2019,43(6):113-118

蛰龙介亚目(Terebellomorpha)营管栖生活,其形态和栖息环境多样,从海滨至深海均有分布,尤其在潮间带和近岸环境蛰龙介种类异常繁多,地域性分布明显,是海洋底栖生态系统的重要组成成分。因系统演化的复杂性和分类系统的混乱造成大量属的并系和多系现象,使得蛰龙介亚目成为多毛类研究中难度较大的类群。中国海域蛰龙介亚目尚缺乏系统分类学研究,在渤、黄、东、南各海区的分布和区系特点鲜为人知。因此,有必要进行全面系统的分类学研究,在此基础上建立分子生物学和形态学证据相互支持的、更加接近自然演化历史的分类系统。  相似文献   

中国常见贻贝基于28S rDNA序列的系统发育分析     

郭笳  谢慧盈  张振  胡利莎  刘玉盟  马培振  王海艳  李翠 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(3):613-621

贻贝隶属于软体动物门(Mollusca)、双壳纲(Bivalvia)、翼形亚纲(Pteriomorphia)、贻贝目(Mytilida)、贻贝超科(Mytiloidea),大约有400种贻贝分布在世界各地,可适应淡水、潮间带至深海多种生境。本实验以贻贝科6亚科12属28种中国沿海常见贻贝的28SrDNA为目的片段,构建系统发育进化树,运用最大似然法和贝叶斯推演法分析了贻贝科的系统发生,并追踪贻贝科物种系统演化历史。结果显示:贻贝亚科Mytilinae、偏顶蛤亚科Modiolinae、石蛏亚科Lithophaginae均非单系群。在属阶元,深海偏顶蛤属Bathymodiolus、贻贝属Mytilus和股贻贝属Perna为单系群。本研究发现应接受将原隔贻贝属Septifer分为Septifer属和Mytilisepta属的分类提议;应接受将原石蛏属Lithophaga中的膜石蛏亚属Leiosolenus提升至属的地位的分类提议。此外,短齿蛤属Brachidontes的单系性不被支持,刻缘短齿蛤Brachidontessetiger并未与短齿蛤属其他物种在系统发育树上聚拢,亲缘关系较远,为不同属物种,建议恢复刻缘短齿蛤原属名Volsella (Dunker, 1857)。  相似文献   

基于12S rRNA部分序列分析的中国8种笛鲷科鱼类系统发育初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

唐优良  章群  余帆洋  周佳怡  司丛利  黄小彧  马奔 《海洋科学》2011,35(2):22-26

测定了中国近海8种笛鲷鱼类线粒体12s rRNA基因部分序列,结合GenBank中下载的2种笛鲷鱼类序列,以鲈形目(Perciformes)中的单列齿鲷(Monotaxis grandoculis)、黄带裸颊鲷(Lethrinus obsoletus)、尖嘴蓝子鱼(Siganus unimaculatus)、褐蓝子鱼(...  相似文献   

从养殖贝类和大菱鲆分离的海洋发光弧菌的分类地位分析     

刘斌  叶德赞  Günter Jost  林义  黄翔玲  郑森林 《海洋科学》2011,35(11):29-34

海洋发光弧菌是海水养殖中重要的条件致病菌。从福建省晋江市附近水产养殖场花蛤、牡蛎软组织及波罗地海大菱鲆肠道内含物中分离得到16 株发光细菌, 采用ARDRA（amplified ribosomal DNArestriction analysis）、16S rDNA 序列测定、Biolog 碳源代谢分析及药敏试验等方法对...  相似文献   

大型海洋绿藻5.8S rRNA基因序列及系统发育分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

沈颂东  张劲 《海洋与湖沼》2008,39(4)

采用PCR方法，将扩增的产物直接测序，测定了孔石莼Ulva pertusa和浒苔Enteromorpha prolifeFa的5．8S rRNA基因序列，与肠浒苔、扁浒苔、缘管浒苔、礁膜、北极礁膜、袋礁膜和格氏礁膜等7种已知的大型海洋绿藻的同一基因序列合并进行比较，分析了核苷酸序列差异和碱基替换特点，并构建系统发生树。结果表明，浒苔和孔石莼的颠换率为0．690％，小于浒苔与肠浒苔、扁浒苔、缘管浒苔的颠换率；且浒苔与孔石莼之间的Kimura双参数距离也小于浒苔与肠浒苔、扁浒苔以及缘管浒苔之间的平均Kimura双参数距离。相对于浒苔属的其他物种，浒苔与孔石莼的亲缘关系更近。在构建的系统发生树中，缘管浒苔与孔石莼聚为一类，表现出与石莼属物种更近的亲缘关系。  相似文献   

The bacterial diversity in surface sediment from the South China Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

WANG Guanghu  DONG Junde  LI Xiang  SUN Huimin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(4):98-105

16S rDNA sequencing results from this study and literatures demonstrate that sediment bacteria in the South China Sea (SCS) were very diverse,which contained 22 of the 24 phyla of bacteria investigated from marine sediment,however,it was very imbalance among stations.So bacterial diversity from 15 samples which covered a wide range of sediment types from 20 to 3 888 m in depth was studied in DGGE (denature gradient gel electrophoresis) in this paper.The DGGE results indicate that both sediment bacterial diversity and diversity difference among stations were significant.Thirty representative and differential fingerprints among samples were recovered and sequenced,phylogenetic analysis indicates that they may belong to Proteobacteria (α-,β-,γ-,δ-,ε-),Planctomycetes,Firmicutes,Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria,Nitrospirae,Gemmatimonadetes,candidate division WS3 and so on,of which,Gemmatimonadetes and candidate division WS3 bacteria were first detected in SCS sediment.This study also shows that bacterial diversity analysis based on DGGE was more potential than traditional 16S rDNA clone library in multiple sample analysis.  相似文献   

16S rRNA Gene Phylogenesis of Culturable Predominant Bacteria from Diseased Aposlichopus japonicus （Holothuroidea, Echinodermata）     

MA Haiyan JIANG Guoliang WU Zhiqiang WANG Xin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(2)

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Phylogenetic analysis of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria and their relatives based on farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene     

FENG Fuying  JIAO Nianzhi  DU Hailian  ZENG Yonghui 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(5):82-89

The study aims to reveal phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship between aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAnPB) and their relatives, anaerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AnAnPB) and nonphototrophic bacteria (NPB, which had high homology of 16S rDNA gene with AAnPB and fell into the same genus), and validate reliability and usefulness of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) gene for the phylogenetic determination. FPPS genes with our modified primers and 16S rDNA genes with general primers, were amplified and sequenced or retrieved from GenBank database. In contrast to 16S rDNA gene phylogenetic tree, AAnPB were grouped into two clusters and one branch alone with no intermingling with NPB and AnAnPB in the tree constructed on FPPS. One branch of AAnPB, in both trees, was located closer to outgroup species than AnAnPB, which implicated that some AAnPB would be diverged earlier in FPPS evolutionary history than AnAnPB and NPB. Some AAnPB and NPB were closer located in both trees and this suggested that they were the closer relatives than AnAnPB. Combination codon usage in FPPS with phylogenetic analysis, the results indicates that FPPS gene and 16S rRNA gene have similar evolutionary pattern but the former seems to be more reliable and useful in determining the phylogenic and evolutionary relationship between AAnPB and their relatives. This is the first attempt to use a molecular marker beside 16S rRNA gene for studying the phylogeny of AAnPB, and the study may also be helpful in understanding the evolutionary relationship among phototrophic microbes and the trends of photosynthetic genes transfer.  相似文献   

On four closely related hypotrichous ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Spirotrichea): molecular characters, interspecific relationships and phylogeny defined with multigene sequence information     

GAO Feng  YI Zhenzhen  CHEN Zigui  AL-RASHEID Khaled A S  SONG Weibo 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(5):90-96

In order to clarify the phylogeny and relationships of the most confused hypotrichous ciliates, Holosticha-complex, four closely related holostichids (five populations), Holosticha bradburyae, H. diademata, Anteholosticha sp., and A. manca, were compared and analyzed using ITS2 secondary structures, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and SSrRNA gene sequences. The ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region sequences of these four species were first sequenced, and they shared sequence identities ranging from 68.0% to 90.1%, while two populations of Anteholosticha sp. differed in three nucleotides (sequence identity 99.8%). There were several minor differences among ITS2 secondary structures of these species, while two populations of Anteholosticha sp. had the identical secondary structure. Phylogenetic trees inferred from the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region sequences of stichotrichs using multiple algorithms (Neighbor-Joining, Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian) revealed similar topologies. The results show that:(1) Holosticha bradburyae and H. diademata firmly clustered together with strong bootstrap supports, forming a sister clade with Anteholosticha sp., (2) Anteholosticha appeared to be a paraphyletic assemblage, in which the morphotype A. manca was more closely related to Diaxonella trimarginata than to its congener Anteholosticha sp. Phylogenetic analyses based on the SSrRNA gene and the combined sequences of SSrRNA gene and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region revealed the similar relationships between Holosticha and Anteholosticha, nevertheless their positions within the subclass Stichotrichia differed from each other inferred from different genes.  相似文献